3 research outputs found
Effect of nitrogen sources on ammonia volatilization, grain yield and soil nitrogen losses in no-till wheat in an Argentine soil
The ammonia losses under field conditions vary widely and these nitrogen losses can decrease crops yield. However, experiment with wheat in the Argentinean Pampas showed that yields are not related to the volatilization losses of several nitrogen fertilizers. We hypothesize that ammonia volatilization from urea was compensated with higher apparent soil mineralization rate and then, even with high ammonia volatilization from urea, wheat yields were not affected. We evaluated ammonia volatilization, apparent nitrogen mineralization, apparent nitrogen uptake efficiency, and their effects on wheat yields. The experiment was carried out with wheat grown in a no-till Typic Hapludoll, using urea, UAN and IBDU. Ammonia losses were 17.1% and 4.7% of N applied as urea and UAN, respectively; IBDU and control were low. Wheat yields were not affected by ammonia losses. The N uptake and N export was greater in fertilized treatments. For urea, the highest volatilization rate was compensated by the highest soil mineralization rate. From the sustainable agriculture point of view, the volatilization would be dangerous because the soil could tend to compensate that loss, thus impoverishing itself in native nitrogen.Fil: Zubillaga, Marta Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias AgrĂcolas y Ambientales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias AgrĂcolas y Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Zubillaga de Sanahuja, MarĂa de Las Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: Urricanet. S.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: Lavado, Raul Silvio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias AgrĂcolas y Ambientales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias AgrĂcolas y Ambientales; Argentin
Effect of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilization on sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) nitrogen uptake and yield
Little is known about the effect of combined phosphorus and nitrogen (P-N) fertilization on the N requirement of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of varying levels of P and N, as well as the interaction P x N, on the N uptake, yield and N apparent utilization efficiency under field conditions. Split-plot design experiments were conducted in the mid-western Pampas in Argentina. Four levels of N (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg N ha-1) and three levels of P (0, 12 and 40 kg P ha-1) were applied to two Typic Hapludolls over two growing seasons (1997-98 and 1998-99). N uptake and soil N-NO3 contents were determined at the V7, R5 and R9 growth stages. The sunflower yield ranged from 2.5 to 5.0 Mg ha-1. The total N requirement was around 45 kg N Mg-1 grain, and this result suggests that it is not necessary to use different N requirements (parameter b) for fertilized crops when a yield response is expected. To achieve a 100 % yield maximum a N supply (soil plus fertilizer) of 181 kg N ha-1 at P40 was needed. However, at P0, the highest yield was about 80 % of the maximum yield with a N supply (soil plus fertilizer) of 164 kg N ha-1. P application increased the apparent use efficiency of the supplied N.Fil: Zubillaga de Sanahuja, MarĂa de Las Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: Aristi, J. P.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: Lavado, Raul Silvio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias AgrĂcolas y Ambientales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa. Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias AgrĂcolas y Ambientales; Argentin
Attainable yield and soil texture as drivers of maize response to nitrogen: a synthesis analysis for Argentina
The most widely used approach for prescribing fertilizer nitrogen (N) recommendations in maize (Zea Mays L.) in Argentina is based on the relationship between grain yield and the available N (kg N haâ1), calculated as the sum of pre-plant soil NO3--N at 0â60 cm depth (PPNT) plus fertilizer N (Nf). However, combining covariates related to crop N demand and soil N supply at a large national scale remains unexplored for this model. The aim of this work was to identify yield response patterns associated to yield environment (crop N demand driver) and soil texture (soil N supply driver). A database of 788 experiments (1980â2016) was gathered and analyzed combining quadratic-plateau regression models with bootstrapping to address expected values and variability on response parameters and derived quantities. The database was divided into three groups according to soil texture (fine, medium and coarse) and five groups based on the empirical distribution of maximum observed yields (from Very-Low = 13.1 Mg haâ1) resulting in fifteen groups. The best model included both, attainable yield environment and soil texture. The yield environment mainly modified the agronomic optimum available N (AONav), with an expected increase rate of ca. 21.4 kg N Mg attainable yieldâ1, regardless of the soil texture. In Very-Low yield environments, AONav was characterized by a high level of uncertainty, related to a poor fit of the N response model. To a lesser extent, soil texture modified the response curvature but not the AONav, mainly by modifying the response rate to N (Fine > Medium > Coarse), and the N use efficiencies. Considering hypothetical PPNT levels from 40 to 120 kg N haâ1, the expected agronomic efficiency (AENf) at the AONav varied from 7 to 31, and 9â29 kg yield response kg fertilizer N (Nf)â1, for Low and Very-High yield environments, respectively. Similarly, the expected partial factor productivity (PFPNf) at the AONav ranged from 62 to 158, and 55â99 kg yield kg Nfâ1, for the same yield environments. These results highlight the importance of combining attainable yield environment and soil texture metadata for refining N fertilizer recommendations. Acknowledging the still low N fertilizer use in Argentina, space exists to safely increasing N fertilizer rates, steering the historical soil N mining profile to a more sustainable agro-environmental scenario in the Pampas.Fil: Correndo, AdriĂĄn A.. Kansas State University; Estados UnidosFil: GutiĂ©rrez Boem, Flavio HernĂĄn. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: GarcĂa, Fernando O.. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Carolina. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Ălvarez, Cristian. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Angeli, Ariel. I+D CREA; ArgentinaFil: Barbieri, Pablo Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Barraco, Mirian Raquel. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Berardo, Angel. Laboratorio de Suelo S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Boxler, Miguel. Private Consultant; ArgentinaFil: Calviño, Pablo Antonio. Private Consultant; ArgentinaFil: Capurro, Julia E.. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Carta, HĂ©ctor. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Caviglia, Octavio Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre RĂos. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias; ArgentinaFil: Ciampitti, Ignacio Antonio. Kansas State University; Estados UnidosFil: Diaz Zorita, Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de AgronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: DĂaz ValdĂ©z, Santiago. Bayer Crop Science; ArgentinaFil: EcheverrĂa, HernĂĄn E.. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: EspĂłsito, Gabriel Pablo. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Ferrari, Manuel. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Ferraris, Gustavo Nestor. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Gambaudo, Sebastian Pedro. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Private Consultant; ArgentinaFil: Gudelj, Vicente. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Ioele, Juan P.. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Melchiori, Ricardo J. M.. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Molino, Josefina. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Orcellet, Juan Manuel. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Pagani, Agustin. Clarion Inc.; ArgentinaFil: Pautasso, Juan Manuel. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Reussi Calvo, Nahuel Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Laboratorio de Suelo S.a.; ArgentinaFil: Redel, MatĂas. Private Consultant; ArgentinaFil: Rillo, Sergio. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Rimski-korsakov, Helena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: Sainz Rozas, Hernan Rene. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Saks, MatĂas. Bunge Argentina S.A; ArgentinaFil: TellerĂa, MarĂa Guadalupe. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Ventimiglia, Luis. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: ZorzĂn, Jose L.. Private Consultant; ArgentinaFil: Zubillaga de Sanahuja, MarĂa de Las Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomĂa; ArgentinaFil: Salvagiotti, Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Santa Fe; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. EstaciĂłn Experimental Agropecuaria Oliveros; Argentin