التفاؤل والتشاؤم في أدب العصرالجاهلي والعصرالإسلامي (دراسة موازنة): Optimism and pessimism in the literature of the pre-Islamic era and the Islamic era (A Comparative study)

There are two types of people: a desperate pessimist who faces the challenges of life with defeat, flight and surrender, and an optimistic hopeful who faces them with patience and struggle, courage and daring, and confidence in victory. And many manifestations of mental illness. Optimists live a stable life together, expect goodness, look at events and situations with moderation and balance, and search for opportunities more than they search for problems. Optimism is needed by the average individual as well as needed by leaders and messengers. The Arabs used to have pessimism and superstition, and they expected evil when they saw material manifestations, which they interpreted as such, when someone saw a black bird, for example, or when a man with a disability and illness greeted him, or when the bird headed to the north..., those beliefs that may have diverted a person from his travel , or about a need from its needs. Islam came and nullified these manifestations. Therefore, this research sheds light on optimism and pessimism in the literature of the pre-Islamic and Islamic era (the beginning of Islam and the Umayyads). Key words: desperate, pessimist, challenges, surrender, manifestation

The contemplative tendency in Classical Arabic Literature

Arabic Poetry contains deep thoughtfulness, contemplative tendency and wisdom and this wisdom will be derived from Arabic Poetry with full attention and thoughtfulness. The Poets of Arabic language got a remarkable position in the poetry. Just as Zuhair bin Abisulma, he says that i have the knowledge of today and yesterday but i don't know anything about tomorrow and this statement contains very wisdom. The Arabic language is still preserved in its orignal shape due to religious and poetic Literature. As Al-Zir Salem was killed by his two slaves in desert, he told them before his death that these two verses of poetry should be told to my family. من مبلغ الحيين أَنّ مُهلهلا لله دركما ودر أبيكما When the slaves killed him and told these lines to his family his niece said that this is incomplete. This may be like that: من مبلغ الحيين أَنّ مُهلهلا أضحى قتيلاً في الفلآة مجندلا لله دركما ودرّ أبيكما لا يبرح العبدان حتى يقتـلا And told to the slaves that you have killed our father and they were arrested. Where as now a days we use modern technological equipment for investigation but in that days the poetry was used as investigation tool and this is all due to its deep thoughts that not every person understand the basic meaning and concept but only wise and thoughtful people can derive the actual meaning from it. Like that once the poet asked someone regarding his tribe he answered in one line of poetry about his tribe with characteristics: ومهفهف كالغصن قلت له انتسب فأجاب ما قتل المحبّ حرام Now he describes his complete tribe on the basis of one word that is "ما".that he is from banu tamim tribe of Arab because they use "ما" like that. It is a code language which can be uncoded by deep thoughtfulness. In this research article we will proves the deep thoughtfulness of Arabic language and Arabic poets.http://www.al-azhaar.org/index.php/alazhar/article/view/41