LCA of the manufacturing stage of the laboratory belt conveyor

Sprovedena je procena životnog ciklusa malog trakastog transportera. Analizirana je faza proizvodnje sa aspekata uticaja na životnu sredinu i potrošnje energije. Najveći uticaj na životnu sredinu u većini kategorija uticaja za osnovni model kategorija uticaja potiče od proizvodnje niskolegiranih čelika i potrošnje električne energije tokom faze proizvodnje, praćen uticajem transporta. U radu su takođe predloženi načini uštede energije u proizvodnoj praksi uz primenu adekvatnih tehnologija.A cradle-to-gate LCA analysis of a small belt conveyor was conducted. Manufacturing stage was analysed from the aspects of environmental impacts and energy consumption. The biggest environmental impact in majority of baseline impact categories is obtained from low-alloyed steel production and electricity consumption during the manufacturing stage, followed by impact of the transport. Ways for possible energy savings regarding manufacturing practice and technologies were proposed later on

A multi-objective optimization model for minimizing investment expenses, cycle times and co2 footprint of an automated storage and retrieval systems

A new optimization model of Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS) containing three objective and four constraint functions is presented in this paper. Majority of the researchers and publications in material handling field had performed optimization of different decision variables, but with single objective function only. Most common functions are: minimum travel time, maximum throughput capacity, minimum cost, maximum energy efficiency, etc. To perform the simultaneous optimization of objective functions (minimum: "investment expenses", "cycle times", "CO2 footprint") the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA II) was used. The NSGA II is a tool for finding the Pareto optimal solutions on the Pareto line. Determining the performance of the system is the main goal of our model. Since AS/RS are not flexible in terms of layout and organizational changes once the system is up and running, the proposed model could be a very helpful tool for the warehouse planners in the early stages of warehouse design

A multi-objective optimization model for minimizing cost, travel time and Co2 emission in an AS/RS

U predstavljenom radu, diskutovano je i vršena je evaluacija višeciljne optimizacije automatskih skladišnih sistema. S obzirom da je većina istraživača u oblasti manipulacije materijalom i logistici, vršila optimizaciju promenljivih samo sa jednom funkcijom cilja (najčešće je to funkcija minimalno vreme ciklusa, maksimalni intenzitet opsluživanja, minimalna cena, tj. troškovi, maksimalna energetska efikasnost, itd.), predložen je model višeciljne optimizacije (sa trima funkcijama cilja: minimalni troškovi - minimalno vreme ciklusa - minimalna emisija CO2, odnosno maksimalna energetska efikasnost). Za optimizaciju promenljivih u funkcijama cilja, korišćeni su genetski algoritmi. Da bismo pronašli optimalna Pareto rešenja, upotrebili smo NSGA II genetske algoritme. Glavni zadatak našeg doprinosa jeste da se utvrde performanse automatskog skladišnog sistema, u skladu sa procedurom višeciljne optimizacije. Rezultati predloženog modela, mogu biti od koristi projektantima u ranim fazama projektovanja automatskog skladišnog sistema.A multi-objective optimization of automated warehouses is discussed and evaluated in the present paper. Since most of the researchers in material handling community had performed optimization of decision variables with single objective function only (usually named with minimum travel time, maximum throughput capacity, minimum cost, maximum energy efficiency, etc.), the multi-objective optimization (cost - travel time - CO2 emission/ energy efficiency) will be presented. For the optimization of decision variables in objective functions, the method with genetic algorithms was used. To find the Pareto optimal solutions, the NSGA II genetic algorithm was used. The main objective of our contribution is to determine the performance of the system according to the multi-objective optimization technique. The results of the proposed model could be useful tool for the warehouse designer in the early stage of warehouse design

The role and importance of gastronomic tourism in Serbia and Montenegro in the function of destination branding

The aim of this paper is to research the attitudes and opinions of tourists about the importance of gastro tourism and gastronomic products in Serbia and Montenegro. The research was conducted in the period from July to September 2022. Methods used in this reserach were Chi square test, Mann Whitney U and Regression. The results of the research show that there is a difference in opinion about gastronomic tourism and gastronomic products between the respondents in Serbia and the respondents in Montenegro. Also, there are differences in the opinion of the respondents which city is best known for the gastronomic tourist offer in both countries. The obtained results can be used to improve the gastronomic offer of Serbia and Montenegro, which can lead to an even better positioning of both countries on the gastronomic map of Europe

SIMPLIFIED LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF BELT CONVEYOR DRIVE PULLEY

This simplified Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of belt conveyor drive pulley is part of complete LCA study of belt conveyor and it will be used for establishment of methodology for conducting LCA studies of Bucket Wheel Excavator (BWE) or similar types of belt conveyors. Drive pulley as all other belt conveyor pulleys is considered as part of belt conveyor system that doesn’t need electricity to fulfill its function. The only component of belt conveyor system that actually consume electricity is electric motor (EM). Drive pulley is analyzed with Ecodesign Assistant (EA) and Ecodesign PILOT (EP) software tools. Analysis had shown that drive pulley manifest the biggest impact on the environment in raw materials stage of its life cycle. Accompanying EP strategies suggested possible product improvements

Alternative energy sources for forklifts – a way to make intralogistics green

Growing awareness of environmental problems, and in particular with well-published issues such as acid rain, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and global warming, “greenness” become a catchword in logistic as a heart of modern transport systems since early of 1990s. To overcome these problems new field of logistic research is emerging, focusing on the adaptation of logistical systems and supply chains to climate change. Therefore, it is a trend in intralogistics sector in recent years to invest more in green technologies. In the last few years, the success from fuel cell demonstrations has moved rapidly into commercial forklift operations. This paper addresses the potential benefits in using the fuel cells and triple hybrid drives in forklift trucks as a field of potential improvements in intralogistic

Simplified Life Cycle Assessment of a Conveyor Belting

This paper deals with the simplified life cycle assessment (LCA) of a bucket wheel excavator (BWE) conveyor belting. Belting is the most important component of a belt conveyor. Simplified LCA was conducted with the Ecodesign Assistant (EA) and the Ecodesign PILOT (EP) software tools. Conveyor belting was recognised as ABE hybrid type product, whose 'raw material', 'manufacture' and 'end of life' stages are significant in its life cycle. After the second iteration, the conveyor belting was recognised as a 'raw material' and 'manufacture' intensive product. Further analysis considered strategies for possible product improvement suggested by the EP tool. This particular analysis of conveyor belting is part of a complete LCA of the BWE belt conveyor which should provide a basis for establishment of the methodology for conducting LCA studies of a BWE or similar types of belt conveyors

Failure Analysis of the Stacker Crawler Chain Link

Stacker ARs 2000 presents the final link in the system for continuous overburden removal in the open pit mine "Kostolac" Serbia. Its superstructure leans on three crawlers of the same length, width and height. During the stacker's travel from the erection site to the open pit mine, three crawler chain links fractured, presenting an indication of the problems that were to occur during exploitation. In fact, after only 1000 working hours (about three months), 30 chain links sustained fractures resulting in direct and indirect costs due to the downtime that substantially diminished the effects of the overburden removal system. The goal of the study presented in the paper was to diagnose the cause of chain link breakdown occurrence. Working stresses in the chain link are defined by applying FEM. Experimental investigations define the chemical composition, the tensile properties, the impact toughness and the macro and microhardness. Metallographic examinations are conducted additionally. Based on the results of the numerical-experimental analysis, it can be concluded that chain link breakdown is predominantly caused by (a) substantial deviation of the mechanical properties of the material with respect to those prescribed by the standard and (b) the existence of macro and microcracks in the material structure

SIMPLIFIED LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF A RETURN BELT CONVEYOR IDLER

Prior to conducting complete life cycle assessment of the bucket wheel excavator's belt conveyor, simplified life cycle assessment of its components has to be done. One of these components is return belt idler support 0°, which consists of idler support and three rollers. Simplified life cycle assessment of the idler roller is conducted with Ecodesign Assistant and Ecodesign PILOT tools. Conducted analysis has shown that the most significant stage of the idler roller life cycle is raw materials stage. Suggested strategies provide possible improvements towards more environmentally friendly and energy efficient idler roller design