28 research outputs found
COMPARISON OF MATERNAL SERUM ESTRADIOL AND PROGESTERONE LEVELS IN PREGNANCIES AFTER INDUCED AND SPONTANEOUS OVULATION
Maternal serum estradiol and progesterone levels during the early 6th to
15th weeks of gestation, were measured by radioimmunoassay in 140
pregnancies following induction of ovulation with gonadotropins or
clomiphene citrate. The levels were compared with those observed in 79
spontaneous pregnancies. Significantly higher levels were observed in
gonadotropin and clomiphene citrate induced pregnancies (both P values <
0.001) between the 6th to 9th week of gestation as compared to
spontaneous pregnancies. Steroid levels were similar in the two groups
from the 9th week onwards. No statistically significant differences in
steroid hormone values were observed in aborted and successful
pregnancies within each group studied. We conclude that ovulation
induction is associated with higher estradiol and progesterone levels
until placental steroidogenesis starts
THE ROLE OF ANDROGENS IN THE LATE-PREMENOPAUSAL WOMAN WITH ADENOMATOUS HYPERPLASIA OF THE ENDOMETRIUM
To examine the possible role of androgens in hyperplasia of the
endometrium, the concentrations of testosterone (T), androstenedione
(A), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), sex hormone-binding
globulin (SHBG), estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and
luteinizing hormone (LH), were measured in peripheral venous serum
obtained from 42 premenopausal women with adenomatous hyperplasia of the
endometrium (group A) and from 18 women without hyperplasia (group B).
In patients with hyperplasia of the endometrium, significantly higher
peripheral venous concentrations were found for all androgens (P < 0.05)
and estradiol (P < 0.001) than in control patients. In contrast, there
was no statistically significant difference in the mean serum values of
SHBG as well as in gonadotropins among the population of compared
groups. We conclude that apart from the increased estrogenic activity
in patients with adenomatous hyperplasia of the endometrium, androgens
may play a significant role
VAGINAL FLUID PROLACTIN - A RELIABLE MARKER FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PREMATURELY RUPTURED MEMBRANES - COMPARISON WITH VAGINAL FLUID ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN AND PLACENTAL-LACTOGEN
The diagnostic value of laparoscopy in 2365 patients with acute and chronic pelvic pain
Objective: To discriminate the etiology in 2365 patients with acute and
chronic pelvic pain (APP, CPP). Methods: Diagnostic laparoscopy was
carried out in 736 patients (31.1%) with APP and in 1629 (68.9%) with
CPP. In 315 patients (13.3%) the diagnostic procedure was extended to
operative laparoscopy. Results: The most frequent laparoscopic findings
in patients with APP were acute salpingitis and pelvic adhesions
(22.8%) and ectopic pregnancy (19%), while in patients with CPP the
most frequent findings were pelvic adhesions (35.4%) and endometriosis
(24.6%). In 7.5% of patients with APP and 24% with CPP, laparoscopy
did not reveal any pathological finding in the pelvis. Among the 315
patients in whom operative laparoscopy was carried out, 40% suffered
from Apr and 60% from CPP. In the 446 patients (18.9%) without
laparoscopic findings no treatment was given, while of the remaining 905
patients 40% were subjected to laparotomy and 60% received
conservative treatment. The total incidence of side effects reached
4.7% and serious side effects resulting from emergency laparotomy
occurred in 0.15% of patients with pelvic pain. Conclusion: Our results
in a large group of patients with pelvic pain show that there are
discrepancies in the incidence of laparoscopic findings between patients
with APP and CPP. Discrepancies between the two groups of patients were
also found during operative laparoscopy, the treatment administered
after laparoscopic diagnosis and the complications encountered
The effect of early second stage bradycardia on newborn status
In the present study 45 patients with intrapartum cardiotocograms
showing prolonged fetal bradycardia during the early second stage of
labor were included. Bradycardia persisted for 180 s or more with either
rapid or prolonged return to baseline, without loss of variability and
rise of baseline fetal heart sate (FHR). The mean duration of
bradycardia was 5.0 +/- 1.3 min. In the group with normal FHR tracings
the rate of normal delivery (73.3%) was significantly higher than that
of the group with fetal bradycardia (26.7%, P < 0.0001). We also noted
a significantly higher rate of cesarean section (44.4%) in patients
with abnormal FHR tracings, compared to that (11.1%) of parturients
with normal FHR tracings (P < 0.001). In all cases blood samples were
obtained from the umbilical cord artery, immediately after delivery.
Only in two cases with abnormal FHR tracing umbilical cord artery was
the pH less than 7.20. We conclude that in most cases, prolonged fetal
bradycardia in the early second stage with the characteristics described
above is well tolerated by a mature fetus. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science
Ireland Ltd
DETECTION OF SPERM-BOUND ANTIBODIES IN THE MALE PARTNERS OF INFERTILE COUPLES USING THE IMMUNOBEAD TEST
SERUM LEVELS OF STEROID AND PLACENTAL PROTEIN HORMONES IN ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
The hormonal profiles of extra-uterine pregnancies (EP) were compared
with the normal intra-uterine pregnancies (IUP), and threatened
abortions (TA) of good outcome. In 45 cases of EP confirmed
histologically, maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG),
pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein (SP1), 17-beta-estradiol (E2) and
progesterone (P) were measured serially before treatment by enzyme
immunoassays (EIA). The same hormones were also determined in the
control groups, 26 with normal IUP and 24 with TA. All four hormone
levels in EP were significantly lower (P < 0.01 - P < 0.0001) than in
normal pregnancies and threatened abortions of matched gestational age
except the hCG and E2 in the fifth week of pregnancy. The mean values
of E2 and P were found in the normal levels of luteal phase or slightly
over them (8th-9th and 9th-10th weeks, respectively). No increase in
the hormonal profiles of the above two steroids was noticed between 5
and 10 weeks’ gestation in EP.
In conclusion: (a) The significantly lower values of hCG and SP1 in EP
were confirmed; (b) the serial and concurrent hormonal measurements
assure the verification of EP and the differentiation from normal IUP
and TA of good outcome; (c) the ectopic implantation of trophoblast
critically reduces its vitability to hCG and SP1 synthesis and it can
only partially compensate for the reduction of corpus luteum function