Insurance and economic growth

The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between the insurance business and the economic growth of 23 OECD countries over the period 1990-2011, using a static panel data model. The key findings emerged from the empirical analysis show a positive impact of non-life insurance, as measured by the penetration rate on economic growth and a negative effect exerted by the total insurance and non-life insurance, as measured by the density on economic growth. Keywords: Insurance, economic growth, Static panel data mode

The impact of Foreign Direct Investment and the institutional quality on Welfare in Latin America and Sub-saharan Africa

This article examines the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and institutional quality on well-being in Latin American and sub-Saharan African countries between 1996-2014. We use as key variables FDI, indicators of institutional quality (control of corruption and the rule of law) and the Human Development Index (HDI) as the main variables. Our analyzes confirm the positive and significant relationship between FDI and well-being in Latin America. Although the rule of law has been established to improve well-being. This result shows that legal variables of institutional quality play an important role in improving well-being. Nevertheless, this relationship between FDI, institutional quality and well-being is significantly different between Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa. So legal indicators create a positive effect on well-being. This study shows that institutional quality indicators attack well-being in the Latin American region. In addition, the quality of institutions and the strengthening of governance tend to amplify the positive effects on well-being in the region. The result of the regression confirms the positive links between FDI, institutional quality and improved well-being. Regarding the impact of FDI and institutional quality on well-being, FDI and the rule of law have more impact on improving well-being in Latin American countries than in sub-Saharan African countries

The impact of remittancess on poverty : What relations in Sub-saharan Africa and latin America ?

This article examines the impact of international remittances on poverty in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America between 1996-2016. The results of our regressions show that international remittances have a positive effect in reducing poverty in Latin America but not significant in sub-Saharan Africa. This relationship between international remittances and poverty is significantly different between sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. This result implies that remittances play an important role in increasing household consumption and hence in reducing poverty. This supports our assertion that international remittances have more impact on poverty reduction in rich regions than in poor regions. This study shows that improvements in these attractiveness factors international remittances tend to decrease levels of poverty. It is also supported by the fact that in Sub-Saharan African countries, governments tend to invest in international remittances like other sources of external finance

Governance and foreign direct investment: comparative study between Arab Maghreb countries and ASEAN

The interest of this paper is to show the impact of governance on foreign direct investment and its different effects among Maghreb Arab countries and Asian countries. The results of the effect of political stability, the rule of law, the quality of regulation and the way responsibility and Showed That governance Positively and Significantly contributed to Improving the attractiveness of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Asia purpose in the Arab Maghreb countries, and the way responsibility: has a significant negative impact on FDI. The objective of this work is to study the impact of governance on direct foreign investment (FDI) for a panel of Maghreb Arab countries in Asia countries during 1996 to 2014. Empirical verification generally shows significant results in Asia and is not significant in countries of Arab Maghreb. Indeed, thesis results in Asian countries claim that governance plays a key role in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI)

The impact of civil society and governance on poverty: Are there differences between the North and East Africa region?

This article attempts to study the impact of civil society and governance on poverty. In this work, we have tried to answer the following questions: what is the effect of civil society and governance on poverty in the region of North and East Africa? In this framework, the basic assumption was the existence of a direct and indirect effect of civil society and the quality of governance in reducing poverty. The study of this hypothesis was formulated in a static model applied to data available on the region of North and East Africa between 1996-2016. The results of our regressions show that civil society, has a positive effect in reducing poverty in East Africa, but negative in North Africa and the political and legal indicators, has a positive effect on poverty in the East African countries and administrative indicators, has a positive effect in North Africa. This result implies that civil society and governance quality factors play an important role in reducing poverty in East Africa as North Africa. The relationship between civil society, governance and poverty varies according to the stage of development. But notes significant differences between the region of North Africa and East. This supports our contention that civil society and governance has more impact on poverty in the East African region, the poorest than in the rich region of North Africa. For example, the relationship between civil society and poverty is positive and significant for East Africa, is negative and significant in North Africa. The relationship between governance (policy and legal indicators) and poverty is positive and significant for East Africa, but in North Africa only administrative indicators have a positive effect on poverty. This supports our claim that governance has more impact on poverty than civil society

The impact of remittancess on poverty : What relations in Sub-saharan Africa and latin America ?

This article examines the impact of international remittances on poverty in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America between 1996-2016. The results of our regressions show that international remittances have a positive effect in reducing poverty in Latin America but not significant in sub-Saharan Africa. This relationship between international remittances and poverty is significantly different between sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. This result implies that remittances play an important role in increasing household consumption and hence in reducing poverty. This supports our assertion that international remittances have more impact on poverty reduction in rich regions than in poor regions. This study shows that improvements in these attractiveness factors international remittances tend to decrease levels of poverty. It is also supported by the fact that in Sub-Saharan African countries, governments tend to invest in international remittances like other sources of external finance

The impact of civil society and governance on poverty: Are there differences between the North and East Africa region?

This article attempts to study the impact of civil society and governance on poverty. In this work, we have tried to answer the following questions: what is the effect of civil society and governance on poverty in the region of North and East Africa? In this framework, the basic assumption was the existence of a direct and indirect effect of civil society and the quality of governance in reducing poverty. The study of this hypothesis was formulated in a static model applied to data available on the region of North and East Africa between 1996-2016. The results of our regressions show that civil society, has a positive effect in reducing poverty in East Africa, but negative in North Africa and the political and legal indicators, has a positive effect on poverty in the East African countries and administrative indicators, has a positive effect in North Africa. This result implies that civil society and governance quality factors play an important role in reducing poverty in East Africa as North Africa. The relationship between civil society, governance and poverty varies according to the stage of development. But notes significant differences between the region of North Africa and East. This supports our contention that civil society and governance has more impact on poverty in the East African region, the poorest than in the rich region of North Africa. For example, the relationship between civil society and poverty is positive and significant for East Africa, is negative and significant in North Africa. The relationship between governance (policy and legal indicators) and poverty is positive and significant for East Africa, but in North Africa only administrative indicators have a positive effect on poverty. This supports our claim that governance has more impact on poverty than civil society

Relaxations of the Maximum Flow Minimum Cut Property for Ideal Clutters

Given a family of sets, a covering problem consists of finding a minimum cost collection of elements that hits every set. This objective can always be bound by the maximum number of disjoint sets in the family, we refer to this as the covering dual, since when we allow covers to be fractional and relax the notion of disjoint sets, the natural Linear Programming (LP) formulations become duals and the optimal objective values of the two LPs match. A consequence of the Edmonds-Giles theorem about Totally Dual Integral systems is that if we assume the covering dual always has an optimal integer solution for every cost function, then we can always find an optimal integer cover. The converse does not hold in general, but a still standing conjecture from the mid-1970s states that the existence of an optimal integer cover for every cost function implies the existence of a 1/4-integer optimal solution to the dual for every cost function. In this thesis we discuss weaker versions of the conjecture and build tools allowing us to approach them

Have economic growth and the quality of governance contributed to poverty reduction and improved well-being in African countries?

This study examines the impact of economic growth and quality of governance on poverty and well-being in African countries for the period 1996-2016. The static panel estimation method is used to estimate the equations. Although economic growth does not seem to have an effect on poverty, the results confirm that this growth leads to improved well-being in West Africa. Although corruption and the quality of regulation have been found to increase poverty, improving government efficiency appears to reduce levels of poverty. Similarly, the results also show that corruption and government effectiveness are associated with a deterioration of welfare, but the rule of law and the way and responsibility seem to improve well-being. This study shows that governance indicators in African countries address the issues of poverty and improving well-being. Economic growth has been cited as one of the main drivers of poverty reduction, and the persistent problem of poverty in African countries has raised doubts about the effectiveness of economic growth. Recent evidence has shown that growth in Africa has been accompanied by an increase in poverty. Increasing poverty can slow the improvement of well-being and create social unrest. The quality of governance can also influence the extent to which economic growth reduces poverty. This study shows that improvements in these institutional (government efficiency) and legal (rule of law) measures tend to decrease levels of poverty and increase well-being