The Study of Atmospheric Pressure CVD Growth Process of MoxW1-xTe2 Nanobelts for Tuneable Chemical Composition

Transition metal dichalcogenides nanomaterials with topological semimetallic phase (MoTe2, WTe2 and MoxW1-xTe2) are expected to realize no-consumption electronic transportation due to its Dirac point. Especially, the various structure existence in MoxW1-xTe2, like hexagonal (2H), monoclinic (1T') and othorombic (Td), provides opportunities for phase engineering, which is beneficial for future novel electronic and spintronic devices. Plenty works have focused on the synthesis of MoTe2, WTe2 and MoxW1-xTe2 nanomaterials. Unfortunately, the understanding of the growth process of MoxW1-xTe2 nanomaterials is still absent and the exact control of the atomic ratio between Mo and W in MoxW1-xTe2 nanomaterials is still a huge task up to now. Here, we study the growth process of MoxW1-xTe2 nanomaterials by the growing of binary MoTe2 and WTe2 nanomaterials. Through detailed structural and compositional characterization, same growth mode, crystallography, and morphology have been observed among MoTe2, WTe2 and MoxW1-xTe2 nanomaterials. Through analysis, we suggest that the heating temperature of Mo and W precursors during the CVD process is the key parameters to achieve the tuneable chemical composition of MoxW1-xTe2 nanomaterials. This study dissected the growth process of MoxW1-xTe2 nanomaterials and provided a possible method to control the chemical composition of MoxW1-xTe2 nanomaterials by APCVD, which is beneficial to realize the phase engineering in Mo-W-Te system and also for future topological application.</p

Ureteral reconstruction using a tapered non-vascularized bladder graft: an experimental study in a canine animal model

Abstract Background Reconstruction of ureteral defects and strictures remains problematic for urologists. We aimed to investigate the possibility of a tapered non-vascularized bladder graft as a novel substitute for ureteral reconstruction. Methods This experimental study was conducted on nine beagles. Under general anesthesia, a full-thickness graft with 5–6 cm in length was disassociated from the anterior upper wall of the bladder, and tapered into 1/3 to 1/2 thickness, remaining the urothelial surface. After removal of 5 cm of right-sided mid-ureter, the tapered bladder graft was tubularized along the long axis and then respectively anastomosed to the upper and lower stumps of the ureter. A retrograde urography through a cystostomy was performed 8 weeks after the ureteral reconstruction. The animals were euthanized, and histopathologic examinations of the neoureters were performed. Results There were no severe complications during postoperative follow-up. The urography indicated patent urine excretion and no fistula or stenosis. Histopathologic examinations of the neoureters showed open lumen with urothelial lining. Nutrient vessels were observed in healthy submucosa, lamina muscularis and peripheral connective tissue. Conclusions Our study implied that ureteral reconstruction by a tapered non-vascularized bladder graft was anatomically possible in our animal model. Further studies are expected to confirm long-term and functional outcomes

Aberrant Frequency of IL-10-Producing B Cells and Its Association with Treg/Th17 in Adult Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia Patients

Background. Regulatory B cells (Breg) are a distinct B cell subset with immunoregulatory properties. Pivotal to Breg function is interleukin-10. This study was to investigate the role of IL-10-producing B cell (B10) and its association with Treg and Th17 subsets in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients. Methods. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from ITP patients and controls were stimulated with PMA, ionomycin, and Brefeldin A. The frequencies of CD19+IL-10+ B cells, CD3+CD4+IL-17+ Th17 cells, and CD4+CD25hiFoxp3+ Treg cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of Foxp3 and RORγt was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results. The number of B10 cells was elevated in ITP patients. After first-line therapies, it remained at high level in patients who achieved complete or partial response but decreased in those who acquired no response. There was a positive correlation between B10 cells and Tregs in ITP both before and after therapies. The ratio of Treg/Th17 decreased in ITP, and it strongly correlated with B10 cells. Conclusions. The frequency of B10 cells is elevated in ITP and it correlates with both the Tregs counts and the Treg/Th17 ratio. B10 cells to regulate functional T cell subsets might be impaired in patients with ITP

Comparisons of multiple parameters in different groups.

<p>RT: ITP patients requiring treatment; OB: observation ITP patients;</p

Clinical parameters of Long-term follow-up patients.

<p>RT: ITP patients requiring treatment; OB: observation ITP patients;</p