On the possibility of using biological toxicity tests to monitor the work of wastewater treatment plants

The aim of this study was to ascertain the possibility of using biological toxicity tests to monitor influent and effluent wastewaters of wastewater treatment plants. The information obtained through these tests is used to prevent toxic pollutants from entering wastewater treatment plants and discharge of toxic pollutants into the recipient. Samples of wastewaters from the wastewater treatment plants of Kragujevac and Gornji Milanovac, as well as from the Lepenica and Despotovica Rivers immediately before and after the influx of wastewaters from the plants, were collected between October 2004 and June 2005. Used as the test organism in these tests was the zebrafish Brachydanio rerio Hamilton - Buchanon (Cyprinidae). The acute toxicity test of 96/h duration showed that the tested samples had a slight acutely toxic effect on B. rerio, except for the sample of influent wastewater into the Cvetojevac wastewater treatment plant, which had moderately acute toxicity, indicating that such water should be prevented from entering the system in order to eliminate its detrimental effect on the purification process

Rast produktivnosti i cjenovna regulacija vodoopskrbnih poduzeća u Sloveniji

This paper aims to analyse the price regulation method and performance of thewater industry in Slovenia. A stochastic cost frontier model is employed to estimate and decompose the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of water distribution utilities in the 1997-2003 period. The main goal is to find out whether the lack of proper incentives to improve performance has resulted in the low TFP growth of Slovenian water distribution utilities. The evidence suggests that cost inefficiencies are present in water utilities, which indicates considerable cost saving potential in the analysed industry. Technical change is found to have positively affected the TFP growth over time, while cost inefficiency levels remained essentially unchanged. Overall, the average annual TFP growth in the analysed period is estimated to be only slightly above zero, which is a relatively poor result. This can largely be contributed to the present institutional and regulatory setting that does not stimulate utilities to improve productivity. Therefore, the introduction of an independent regulatory agency and an incentive-based price regulation scheme should be seriously considered in order to enhance the performance of Slovenian water distribution utilities.Glavni cilj rada je analizirati metodu cjenovne regulacije i produktivnost vodoopskrbne djelatnosti u Sloveniji. Postavljena je hipoteza, da je pomanjkanje inicijativa za poboljšanje uspješnosti rezultiralo u niskom rastu ukupne faktorske produktivnosti vodoopskrbnih poduzeća u Sloveniji. Na temelju primijenjene metode stohastičke granice (SFA metode) izvedena je dekompozicija rasta ukupne faktorske produktivnosti (TFP) slovenskih poduzeća za distribuciju pitke vode u razdoblju 1997-2003. Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju prisutnost neučinkovitosti poduzeća u vodoopskrbi, što ukazuje na potencijal za značajno sniženje troškova u analiziranoj djelatnosti. Dok se neučinkovitost u analiziranom razdoblju nije poboljšala, utvrđen je značajan i pozitivan doprinos tehničkog napretka ka rastu ukupne faktorske produktivnosti. U cjelini procijenjen rast ukupne faktorske produktivnosti je pozitivan ali blizu nule, što je prilično slab rezultat. Dobiveni rezultati mogu se pripisati sadašnjem institucionalnom i regulatornom okviru koji ne stimulira vodoopskrbna poduzeća za poboljšanje produktivnosti. Iz toga slijedi da bi bilo potrebno ozbiljno razmisliti o formiranju autonomne regulatorne agencije i uvođenju metoda regulacije koje bi imale ugrađene inicijative za poboljšanje uspješnosti vodoopskrbnih poduzeća u Sloveniji

The relationship of sensory processing of children with developmental dysphasia with burnout and self-esteem of parents

Uvod: Teškoće senzornog procesiranja mogu predstavljati rizik za razvoj jezičkih i govornih poremećaja u najranijem periodu i nužno zahtevaju pomoć stručnjaka i kontinuirano angažovanje roditelja u radu sa detetom, što može dovesti do pojave sagorevanja kod roditelja i pada njihovog samopoštovanja, uz nemogućnost adekvatne pomoći ne samo detetu već i sebi. Cilj: Cilj istraživanja bilo je ispitivanje povezanosti senzorne osetljivosti dece sa razvojnom disfazijom sa karakteristikama roditelja. Metode: Uzorak je činilo 50 roditelja dece uzrasta od tri do šest godina. U istraživanju su korišćeni upitnici za procenu karakteristika senzornog procesiranja: Dečiji senzorni profil 2, Roditeljski inventar sagorevanja, Rozenbergova skala samopoštovanja. U obradi podataka korišćene su mere deskriptivne statistike i Pirsonov koeficijent korelacije. Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je nivo roditeljskog sagorevanja relativno nizak – roditelji pokazuju visok stepen lične posvećenosti (M = 4.16, SD = .67), srednji nivo emocionalne iscrpljenosti (M = 2.34, SD = .78) i nizak nivo emocionalnog distanciranja (M = 1.72, SD = .72) – ali i da ih odlikuje niže samopoštovanje (M = 3.11, SD = .34). Takođe, samopoštovanje i sagorevanje nisu međusobno povezani. Na senzornom profilu skale bihevioralnih elemenata veoma visoko međusobno koreliraju, dok intenzitet korelacija u dimenzijama osnovnog sistema procesiranja oscilira i postoji slaba povezanost opšteg samopoštovanja roditelja na dimenzijama procesiranje položaja tela i ponašanje vezano za senzorno procesiranje. Zaključak: Rezultati su razmatrani u kontekstu praktičnih pedagoških implikacija s obzirom na to da ukoliko se teškoće ne otklone u predškolskom periodu, može doći do odgađanja polaska deteta u školu ili dugoročnih teškoća pri učenju i savladavanju školskog gradiva.Introduction. Sensory processing difficulties can pose a risk for the development of language and speech disorders in the earliest period and require professional intervention and intense involvement of parents in homework with children with developmental dysphasia, which might cause parental burnout and lower level of their self-esteem when parents are not able to help, not only the children, but themselves too. Aim. The aim of the research was to examine the relationship between the sensory sensitivity of children with developmental dysphasia and the characteristics of parents. Method. The sample consisted of 50 parents of children aged 3 to 6 years. The following questionnaires were used in the research to assess the characteristics of sensory processing: The Child Sensory Profile 2, Parental Burnout Inventory, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Measures of descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used in data processing. Results. The results of the research show that the level of parental burnout is relatively low (parents showed a high level of personal accomplishment (M = 4.16, SD = .67), mild level of emotional exhaustion (M = 2.34, SD = .78) and low level of emotional distancing (M = 1.72, SD = .72), but also that they are characterized by lower self-esteem (M = 3.11, SD = .34). Also, self-esteem and burn-out are not related. On the Sensory Profile, subscales of behavior elements are highly correlated, while the intensity of correlations in subscales of the basic system of processing oscillates. There is a weak correlation between the general self-esteem of parents with subscales of body posture and behavior. Conclusion. The obtained results were discussed in the context of practical pedagogical implications, considering that if the difficulties in the child’s functioning are not eliminated in the preschool period, the child’s departure to school may be delayed, or long-term difficulties in learning may appear

Kako su mjerili stari Hvarani?

Je li moguće povezati matematiku, muzeje i arheologiju? Možemo li podučavati matematiku u muzeju? Bi li učenici bili zainteresirani za takvu vrstu podučavanja i učenja? Ovo je predstavljanje projekta "Matematičari u muzeju" i jedne njegove radionice

Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Performance of Wing with Split Winglets

Winglet is an additional surface in a form of vertical or horizontal extension of the wing. The shape of winglet changed during the development period and depending on the type of aircraft on which they were installed. Due to its benefits and influence on aircraft performance during the flight, the standard end of wing has been replaced by new configurations. The geometry of the winglet depends on the required performance and is unique in each application. The angle (or edge) of the winglet, its inner or outer angle, and its size and shape are critical parameters for wing performance. Winglets can increase the range and reduce fuel consumption. With split winglets, the expected reduction in fuel consumption is up to 1.5 %. This type of additional surface on the wing increases the effective aspect ratio of the wing without increasing the structural load. This paper investigates the performance of the wing with and without the split winglets and constant airfoil b737c-il at angles of attack (0, 10o and 20o), at the speed of 0.8 Mach. Wing model was designed in CATIA P3 V5 software package. The aerodynamic drag and lift coefficients CD and CL, as well as their change with the angle of attack, were obtained by finite volume method (FVM) in ANSYS Fluent software

Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Performance of Wing with Split Winglets

Winglet is an additional surface in a form of vertical or horizontal extension of the wing. The shape of winglet changed during the development period and depending on the type of aircraft on which they were installed. Due to its benefits and influence on aircraft performance during the flight, the standard end of wing has been replaced by new configurations. The geometry of the winglet depends on the required performance and is unique in each application. The angle (or edge) of the winglet, its inner or outer angle, and its size and shape are critical parameters for wing performance. Winglets can increase the range and reduce fuel consumption. With split winglets, the expected reduction in fuel consumption is up to 1.5 %. This type of additional surface on the wing increases the effective aspect ratio of the wing without increasing the structural load. This paper investigates the performance of the wing with and without the split winglets and constant airfoil b737c-il at angles of attack (0, 10o and 20o), at the speed of 0.8 Mach. Wing model was designed in CATIA P3 V5 software package. The aerodynamic drag and lift coefficients CD and CL, as well as their change with the angle of attack, were obtained by finite volume method (FVM) in ANSYS Fluent software

Epizootiološka situacija afričke kuge svinja u Evropi

African swine fever (ASF) is a viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar. Due to the very serious socioeconomic consequences, the disease is one of the most important ones nowadays. African swine fever is an enzootic disease in many countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, in Sardinia, and Trans Caucasus countries. After its occurrence in Georgia in 2007, ASF spread to Armenia and Russian Federation, and in 2008. to Azerbaijan. Since then, its progressive moving toward the west has been recorded. Despite the number of undertaken preventive and control measures in the European Union (EU), ASF has been still spreading. During 2017, the disease has been reported in domestic pigs in Estonia, Italy-Sardinia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Ukraine. ASF cases in domestic pigs have also been reported in Moldova in 2017. The number of diagnosed cases in wild boar in 2017 is much higher than in domestic pigs. ASF outbreak in wild boar in the Czech Republic well describes the possible viral 'jump' into a new region. The source of infection hasn't been confirmed yet, but it is common that such leaps are due to either swill feeding or improperly disposal of food rather than to the animal movements. Since the lack of effective vaccine makes eradication even more difficult, the prevention of viral entry into the new areas is of the most importance. With the same aim, since 2011.the surveillance of ASF has been implemented in Serbia.Afrička kuga svinja (AKS) je virusna bolest domaćih i divljih svinja. Socioekonomske posledice ove bolesti svrstavaju je u najznačajnije bolesti današnjice. Afrička kuga svinja je enzootska bolest u mnogim zemljama južno od Sahare, na Sardiniji i Kavkazu. Pošto se pojavila 2007. godine u Gruziji, AKS se iste godine proširila na Jermeniju i Rusiju, a 2008. na Azerbejdžan. Od tada se beleži progresivno kretanje virusa ka zapadu. Uprkos svim preventivnim i kontrolnim merama koje se sprovode u Evropskoj uniji (EU), afrička kuga svinja se i dalje širi. Tokom 2017. godine kod domaćih svinja je dokazana u Estoniji, Italiji - Sardinija, Letoniji, Litvaniji, Poljskoj, Rumuniji i Ukrajini. Slučajevi AKS kod domaćih svinja u Moldaviji su takođe registrovani i u 2017. godini. Broj dijagnostikovanih slučajeva kod divljih svinja u 2017. je značajno veći u odnosu na broj slučajeva kod domaćih. Pojava AKS u Češkoj 2017. godine kod divljih svinja predstavlja veliki "skok" virusa u novo područje. Izvor infekcije još uvek nije potvrđen, ali je uobičajeno da se ovakve pojave dešavaju kao posledica hranjenja životinja ostacima hrane, a ne zbog kretanja životinja. Budući da je iskorenjivanje AKS veoma otežano u odsustvu efikasne vakcine, prevencija unosa virusa u nova područja je od najvećeg značaja. Sa tim ciljem, u Srbiji se od 2011. godine sprovodi nadzor kod divljih svinja na afričku kugu

Detekcija i genotipizacija izolata virusa klasične kuge svinja u Srbiji

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious disease of pigs leading to significant economic losses worldwide. Classical swine fever virus can be classified into three genogroups, each consisting of three or four subgroups. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the genotypes of CSFV isolates in Republic of Serbia. This study, based on the sequences analysis of partial E2 gene and 5' non coding region (NCR) of 15 CSFV isolated during 2006-2008 from domestic pigs, revealed that all were clustered into genetic group 2.3. Additionally, we showed that the two most often used real time RT-PCR assays were able to detect all local CSF viruses circulated in Serbia in the last years during intensive vaccination campaign against CSF.Klasična kuga svinja (CSF) je visoko kontagiozno oboljenje svinja koje dovodi do značajnih ekonomskih gubitaka širom sveta. Na osnovu genetske strukture, virus klasicne kuge svinja podeljen je utri genogrupe, od kojih svaka ima tri ili četiri podgrupe. Nedostaju podaci o tome koji genotipovi virusa klasične kuge svinja na teritoriji Republike Srbije cirkulišu u prijemčivoj populaciji. Sekvencioniranjem dela E2 gena i 5’nekodirajućeg regiona (NCR) 15 izolata virusa klasične kuge svinja prikupljenih u periodu od 2006-2008 godine, poreklom od domaćih svinja, dokazano je da svi pripadaju genetskoj grupi 2.3. Uz to, dokazano je i da je upotrebom dva najčešće korišćena real time RT-PCR protokola moguće detektovati sve lokalne izolate virusa klasične kuge svinja koji cirkulišu u Srbiji poslednjih godina, u kojoj se uporedo vršila i intenzivna vakcinacija protiv ove bolesti

Detection and genotyping of classical swine fever virus isolates in Serbia

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious disease of pigs leading to significant economic losses worldwide. Classical swine fever virus can be classified into three genogroups, each consisting of three or four subgroups. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the genotypes of CSFV isolates in Republic of Serbia. This study, based on the sequences analysis of partial E2 gene and 5' non coding region (NCR) of 15 CSFV isolated during 2006-2008 from domestic pigs, revealed that all were clustered into genetic group 2.3. Additionally, we showed that the two most often used real time RT-PCR assays were able to detect all local CSF viruses circulated in Serbia in the last years during intensive vaccination campaign against CSF. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR 31075 and TR 31088