14 research outputs found
Prirodna i kulturna baÅ”tina u prostornim planovima i sudjelovanje graana u javnopolitiÄkom procesu
Rijeka Krka i PokrÄje svojom su prirodnom i kulturnom baÅ”tinom vrlo
prepoznatljiv fenomen hrvatskog krajobraza i hrvatskog kulturnog naslijeÄa. OÄuvanje i zaÅ”tita prirodnih i kulturnih dobara, uz ostalo, osigurava se i provodi sustavom prostornog ureÄenja kroz dokumente prostornog ureÄenja. Dokumentima prostornog
ureÄenja ostvaruju se ciljevi prostornog ureÄenja, meÄu kojima su razumno koriÅ”tenje i zaÅ”tita prirodne baÅ”tine te zaÅ”tita kulturnih dobara i vrijednosti. U postupku donoÅ”enja
prostornih planova sudjeluje velik broj aktera s razliÄitim interesima. Od posebne je važnosti sudjelovanje graÄana, koje je u zavisnosti od razvijenosti graÄanske politiÄke kulture te svijesti i spremnosti elita na osiguravanje graÄanske participacije u procesu donoÅ”enja odluka. U prvom dijelu ovog rada prikazat Äe se tretman zaÅ”tite prirodne i kulturne baÅ”tine u prostornim planovima nekih županija te u prostornim planovima ureÄenja odabranih opÄina i gradova, posebno u PokrÄju. U drugom dijelu rada pokazat Äe se niska razina sudjelovanja graÄana u donoÅ”enju prostornih planova u jadranskim regijama, odnosno odabranim gradovima, te nepostojanje
statistiÄki znaÄajne razlike u graÄanskoj participaciji u postupku donoÅ”enja prostornih planova i njihova zavisnost od razvijenosti graÄanstva. Ujedno, pokazano je da odrednice razvijenosti graÄanstva kao Å”to su obrazovanje, slobodno vrijeme, mobilizacija,
Älanstvo u udrugama i povjerenje u institucije objaÅ”njavaju 22,5 % varijance graÄanske participacije u prostornom planiranju
LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF CITIZENSHIP IN THE ADRIATIC REGIONS
U Älanku se analizira razvijenost graÄanstva na podruÄju jadranskih regija, odnosno
odabranih gradova. Za analizu graÄanstva iz liberalne i komunitarne
koncepcije i na njima utemeljenih teorija racionalnog izbora i strukturalnih
teorija izvedeni su razliÄiti modeli graÄanstva: model kognitivnog angažmana,
model opÄih poticaja, model graÄanskog voluntarizma i model socijalnog kapitala.
Iz razliÄitih modela operacionalizirane su varijable koje su mjerene putem
anketnog upitnika na sluÄajnom stratificiranom uzorku od 1127 ispitanika.
Rezultati deskripcijske analize varijabli modela graÄanstva govore nam o razliÄitoj
distribuciji ispitivanih varijabli, Ŕto upozorava na kompleksnost mjerenja
graÄanstva. Distribucija rezultata pokazuje viÅ”e ili manje oÄekivane frekvencije
pojedinih pokazatelja, bez ekstremnih odstupanja. Diskriminacijska analiza
nam je pokazala da se do 9% ukupnog varijabiliteta meÄu skupinama ispitanika
razliÄitih regija može pripisati skupovima ispitivanih varijabli razliÄitih modela
graÄanstva. Takav varijabilitet izmeÄu regija je oÄekivan, jer se radi o vrlo
sliÄnom kulturnom naslijeÄu sa zajedniÄkom povijeÅ”Äu, sliÄnom politiÄkom i
druÅ”tvenom kontekstu. MeÄutim, utvrÄene razlike meÄu regijama u odnosu na
varijable modela graÄanstva, iako nisu velike, mogu se pripisati nekim specifiÄnostima
razmatranih podruÄja. Rezultati pokazuju da je razlikovanje ispitanika
viŔe uvjetovano življenjem u pojedinom gradu, nego socio-ekonomskim
i urbanim obilježjima, Å”to jasno potvrÄuje važnosti druÅ”tvenog i prostornog
konteksta te kulturoloÅ”ke uvjetovanosti u razvoju graÄanstva.The articles analyzes the level of development of citizenship in the Adriatic
regions, i.e. in a selection of cities. For the purpose of analysis of citizenship,
from the liberal and communitarian conceptions, as well as the theories of
rational choice and structural theories, which are based upon them, various
models of citizenship have been derived: the model of cognitive engagement,
the model of general stimuli, the model of civil voluntarism, and the model
of social capital. From said models variables are operationalized, which are
measured according to a sample survey based on a random stratified sample
of 1127 examinees. The results obtained by descriptive analysis of the models
of citizenship testify to a varied distribution of examined variables, which
points to the complexity of citizenship measurement. The distribution of results
shows more or less expected frequencies of particular indicators, with no
extreme deviations. The discriminative analysis has demonstrated that up to 9
percent of total variability between groups of examinees in different regions
may be ascribed to sets of examined variables of different citizenship models.
Such variability between regions is expected, for they have a highly similar
cultural heritage with common history and a similar political and social context.
Still, the ascertained interregional differences with regard to the variables
of citizenship models, although they are not momentous, can be ascribed to
some specific traits of areas under consideration. The results show that differences
between examinees are caused by residence in a particular city rather
than by social-economical and urban characteristics, which clearly confirms
the importance of the social and spatial context, and of culturological conditioning
in the development of citizenship
Reforma lokalne samouprave: moguÄi smjerovi
Reforma upravno-teritorijalne
organizacije treba uzeti u
obzir socijalne i gospodarske
pretpostavke te uvažiti
minimalno tri osnovna zahtjeva ā
gospodarsku uÄinkovitost, lokalnu
demokraciju i identite
Realisation of the right to local self-government in spatial planning
U Hrvatskoj se raspravlja o razvijenosti lokalne samouprave,
procesu decentralizacije, autonomiji i ograniÄenjima lokalne
samouprave. Ustavno definiranje lokalne samouprave
na tragu je naÄela supsidijarnosti iz Europske povelje o
lokalnoj samoupravi. MeÄutim, operacionalizacija ustavnih
odredbi u zakonu koji ureÄuje pitanje lokalne samouprave i
u sektorskim zakonima pokazuje da se Ustavom zajamÄena
prava lokalne samouprave ne osiguravaju u potpunosti,
a naroÄito ne naÄelo supsidijarnosti. Analizira se politika
prostornog ureÄenja koja obuhvaÄa poslove ureÄenja naselja
i stanovanja te prostornog i urbanistiÄkog planiranja. U
prostornom ureÄenju, kao jednom od najznaÄajnijih poslova
lokalne samouprave, naruŔava se autonomija lokalne
samouprave kroz nepreciznu dodjelu poslova i preklapanje
u nadležnostima izmeÄu regionalne i lokalne razine, zadiranje
u ovlasti lokalne samouprave, prekoraÄenje u provedbi
nadzora i loŔu praksu postupanja regionalnih i državnih tijela tijekom izrade i donoŔenja dokumenta prostornog
ureÄenja.Spatial planning is a very important governance tool in local communities, because many local public affairs have their spatial component. The paper focuses on the realisation of the right to local self-government in Croatia in the field of spatial planning policy. In this manner, the paper follows current debates about the development of the Croatian local self-government, decentralisation process, local autonomy, and limitations to local governance. The Croatian Constitution accepts subsidiarity principle from the European Charter of Local Self-Government. Provisions of the Law on Local and Regional Self-Government and regulation of the sectoral Law on Spatial Planning and Construction do not fully ensure the implementation of the constitutional right to local self-government:
subsidiarity principle and the principle of control of constitutionality
and legality are particularly endangered. The main issues tackle imprecise regulation of local affairs, unclear delimitation of local and regional competences with regard to spatial planning, the possibility of intervening into local powers by the means of secondary legislation and spatial plans of the counties, the power of central bodies to misuse their control competences, legally imposed obligation
of local units to ask for opinions, comments, and consents of separate and higher bodies, bad practice of regional and central bodies during the preparation of local spatial plans, etc. The position of local councils, which are competent only to adopt the spatial plan as a whole document, without having a possibility to amend its draft version, is quite remarkable in the negative sense of the word.
Such a situation puts elected local councillors in an absurd situation
Citizenship and the Forms of Political Support: A Case-Study of the Croatian Adriatic Regions
U Älanku razmatramo pitanje politiÄke potpore u Hrvatskoj koja se odnosi na povjerenje i legitimitet spram autoriteta i institucija koje postoje u politiÄkome sustavu. DosadaÅ”nja istraživanja koja su se provodila u Hrvatskoj govore o relativno niskoj razini povjerenja u politiÄke autoritete i institucije. U radu polazimo od Eastonovih dimenzija politiÄke potpore: potpora autoritetu, potpora institucijama, potpora demokraciji i potpora zajednici. Svi ti oblici politiÄke potpore subjektivne su orijentacije graÄana prema jedinicama politiÄkog sustava. Odnos graÄana prema jedinicama politiÄkog sustava otvara, s druge strane, pitanje graÄanstva. Na temelju razliÄitih modela graÄanstva razmatramo odnos elemenata politiÄkog sustava i razliÄitih dimenzija politiÄke potpore u specifiÄnom kontekstu jadranskih županija. Rezultati do kojih smo doÅ”li upuÄuju na to da se razina potpore poveÄava od nižih, specifiÄnih oblika potpore (potpora autoritetima i potpora institucijama), gdje je ona relativno niska, prema viÅ”im, difuznim oblicima potpore (potpora zajednici). U pozadini politiÄke potpore, naroÄito potpore demokraciji, jesu performanse politiÄkog sustava, odnosno potpora je viÅ”e instrumentalno nego intrinziÄno utemeljena.The article is dealing with the issue of political support in Croatia, related to the issues of trust and legitimacy towards authority and institutions, as the elements of the political system. Previous research conducted in Croatia evidences a relatively low level of trust in the political authorities and institutions. In this paper we go by Eastonās dimensions of political support: authority support, support to institutions, support to democracy and support to community. All these forms of political support represent the subjective orientations of citizens towards the units of the political system. On the other hand, orientation and relationship of citizens towards the units of the political systems poses the question of citizenship. The paper is exploring the relation of subjective orientations of citizens towards the political systems units and different dimensions of political support in the specific context of Adriatic regions of Croatia, on the basis of the established models of citizenship developed by various authors. The results point out that the level of support rises as we go from the lower, specific types of support (support to authorities and support to institutions) towards higher, diffuse modes of support (support to community). In the background of the political support, especially āsupport to democracyā, there are performances of the political system. In other words, political support is more instrumentally then intrinsically founded
Constitutional Determination of Local Self-government in Transitional Countries of Central and Eastern Europe (comparative analysis)
U radu se želi ukazati na važnost lokalne samouprave u razvoju demokracije pojedinog druÅ”tva. Ono Å”to se posebno naglaÅ”ava su ustavno zajamÄena prava na lokalnu samoupravu. U prvom dijelu rada u najkraÄim crtama pokuÅ”ava se pojmovna razgraniÄiti pojam lokalne samouprave u odnosu na neke sliÄne pojmove. U drugom dijelu rada prikazani su ustavi tranzicijskih zemalja srednje i istoÄne Europe, s posebnim naglaskom na ustavno odreÄenje lokalne samouprave. TakoÄer je razmotrena i ustavna stipulacija naÄela Europske povelje o lokalnoj samoupravu pojedinih zemalja. DoÅ”lo se zakljuÄka da se sva bitna obilježja koja osiguravaju samostalnost jedinica lokalne samouprave nalaze uporiÅ”te u veÄini analiziranih ustava.The article deals with the importance of local self-government in development of particular society. It particularly stresses right to local self-government guaranteed by constitution. In the first part author deals with the definition of the term of local self-government. The second part presents the constitution of transitional countries of Central and Eastern Europe with the accent on constitutional determination of local self-government. The author also analysis the constitutional stipulation of principles of the European Charter dealing with the local self-government of particular countries. Finally author concludes
that all important characteristic of local self-government autonomy are found in most of the constitutions being analyzed
TrudnoÄa i poroÄaj uz dijabetes melitus ovisan o inzulinu u KBC-u Split ā retrospektivno istraživanje
Abstract. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence, assessment, and perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM type 1) at a tertiary perinatal center in the town of Split, Dalmatia County. Materials and methods: The investigation was designed as a retrospective cohort study. All pregnant women with DM type 1 that were supervised and gave birth at Clinical Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Split University Hospital Center during a 7-year period (2009-2015), including those diagnosed in 2015 and having delivered in 2016, were included in the study group. Data were collected by the census method from legal protocol books. Control group included DM type 1-free pregnancies entered in the same protocol books just following a particular study woman, if meeting all inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: There were 70 DM type 1 pregnancies, accounting for 0.2% of all deliveries. DM type 1 group newborns were statistically heavier (3650Ā±605 vs. 3428Ā±591g; p=0.031), more frequent large for gestational age (24.3% vs. 5.7%; p=0.002) and macrosomic (24.3% vs. 10%; p=0.033). Compared to control group, DM type 1 women had a significantly higher delivery rate in the 37th to 39th week of gestation (84.3% vs. 58.6%; p=0.001) and higher cesarean section rate (61.4% vs. 32.9%; p=0.001). Conclusion: DM type 1 significantly influences perinatal outcome. It requires multidisciplinary approach and complete supervision should be provided at specialized centers. Respecting the fetal origin of adult diseases theory, inappropriate protocol(s) and/or individual decision(s) can have many health consequences throughout newborns life, which highlights DM type 1 pregnancies to a public health level issue.Sažetak. Cilj: Ispitati uÄestalost, naÄin nadzora i perinatalni ishod trudnoÄa kompliciranih dijabetes melitusom ovisnim o inzulinu (DM tip 1) u tercijarnom perinatalnom centru u Splitu. Materijali i metode: Istraživanje je osmiÅ”ljeno kao retrospektivna kohortna studija. Popisnom su metodom ukljuÄene sve trudnice s dijabetes melitusom ovisnim o inzulinu koje su nadzirane i rodile su u Klinici za ženske bolesti i porode KBC-a Split u sedmogodiÅ”njem periodu, od prosinca 2009. do prosinca 2015. godine, ukljuÄujuÄi i one dijagnosticirane u 2015. godini koje su rodile poÄetkom 2016. godine. Kontrolnu je skupinu saÄinjavao jednak broj fizioloÅ”kih trudnoÄa upisanih u RaÄaonski protokol ā neposredno nakon poroda pojedine ispitanice sa Å”eÄernom boleÅ”Äu uzimani su podatci prve sljedeÄe rodilje iz kontrolne skupine. Obje skupine ispitanica zadovoljavaju kriterije ukljuÄenja i iskljuÄenja. Rezultati: U Klinici je analizirano 70 trudnoÄa i poroÄaja s dijabetes melitusom ovisnim o inzulinu, Å”to je saÄinjavalo 0,2 % ukupnih poroda. NovoroÄenÄad majki s DM-om tipa 1 bila je statistiÄki znaÄajno teža od kontrolne skupine (3650Ā±605 vs. 3428Ā±591 g; p=0,031), ÄeÅ”Äe je bila hipertrofiÄna (24,3 % vs. 5,7 %; p=0,002) i makrosomna (24,3 % vs. 10 %; p=0,033). U usporedbi s kontrolnom skupinom, u ispitivanoj skupini bilo je statistiÄki znaÄajno viÅ”e poroÄaja izmeÄu 37. i 39. tjedna trudnoÄe (84,3 % vs. 58,6 %; p=0,001), uz znaÄajno viÅ”u stopu dovrÅ”enja poroda carskim rezom (61,4 % vs. 32,9 %; p=0,001). ZakljuÄak: DM tip 1 znaÄajno utjeÄe na perinatalni ishod, zahtijeva multidisciplinaran pristup i nadzor u visokospecijaliziranim centrima. UzimajuÄi u obzir da Äimbenici intrauterinog života imaju ulogu i u razvoju mnogih bolesti u djece i odrasloj dobi, neadekvatni postupci i individualne odluke mogu pratiti dijete tijekom života, a i pogorÅ”ati postojeÄe majÄine komplikacije, Å”to ovoj bolesti daje joÅ” veÄu važnost