LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF CITIZENSHIP IN THE ADRIATIC REGIONS

Abstract

U članku se analizira razvijenost građanstva na području jadranskih regija, odnosno odabranih gradova. Za analizu građanstva iz liberalne i komunitarne koncepcije i na njima utemeljenih teorija racionalnog izbora i strukturalnih teorija izvedeni su različiti modeli građanstva: model kognitivnog angažmana, model općih poticaja, model građanskog voluntarizma i model socijalnog kapitala. Iz različitih modela operacionalizirane su varijable koje su mjerene putem anketnog upitnika na slučajnom stratificiranom uzorku od 1127 ispitanika. Rezultati deskripcijske analize varijabli modela građanstva govore nam o različitoj distribuciji ispitivanih varijabli, što upozorava na kompleksnost mjerenja građanstva. Distribucija rezultata pokazuje više ili manje očekivane frekvencije pojedinih pokazatelja, bez ekstremnih odstupanja. Diskriminacijska analiza nam je pokazala da se do 9% ukupnog varijabiliteta među skupinama ispitanika različitih regija može pripisati skupovima ispitivanih varijabli različitih modela građanstva. Takav varijabilitet između regija je očekivan, jer se radi o vrlo sličnom kulturnom naslijeđu sa zajedničkom poviješću, sličnom političkom i društvenom kontekstu. Međutim, utvrđene razlike među regijama u odnosu na varijable modela građanstva, iako nisu velike, mogu se pripisati nekim specifičnostima razmatranih područja. Rezultati pokazuju da je razlikovanje ispitanika više uvjetovano življenjem u pojedinom gradu, nego socio-ekonomskim i urbanim obilježjima, što jasno potvrđuje važnosti društvenog i prostornog konteksta te kulturološke uvjetovanosti u razvoju građanstva.The articles analyzes the level of development of citizenship in the Adriatic regions, i.e. in a selection of cities. For the purpose of analysis of citizenship, from the liberal and communitarian conceptions, as well as the theories of rational choice and structural theories, which are based upon them, various models of citizenship have been derived: the model of cognitive engagement, the model of general stimuli, the model of civil voluntarism, and the model of social capital. From said models variables are operationalized, which are measured according to a sample survey based on a random stratified sample of 1127 examinees. The results obtained by descriptive analysis of the models of citizenship testify to a varied distribution of examined variables, which points to the complexity of citizenship measurement. The distribution of results shows more or less expected frequencies of particular indicators, with no extreme deviations. The discriminative analysis has demonstrated that up to 9 percent of total variability between groups of examinees in different regions may be ascribed to sets of examined variables of different citizenship models. Such variability between regions is expected, for they have a highly similar cultural heritage with common history and a similar political and social context. Still, the ascertained interregional differences with regard to the variables of citizenship models, although they are not momentous, can be ascribed to some specific traits of areas under consideration. The results show that differences between examinees are caused by residence in a particular city rather than by social-economical and urban characteristics, which clearly confirms the importance of the social and spatial context, and of culturological conditioning in the development of citizenship

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