Calibration of the angle measurement error caused by the industrial reducer performance test instrument torsional deformation

Abstract The measurement of the stiffness of a precision reducer is essential to estimating the reducer. Since the angular sensor’s measurement results include the angle measurement error caused by the instrument’s torsional deformation, it cannot be used as the actual torsional deformation of the reducer. This paper analyzes the instrument’s torsional deformation characteristics to reduce the angle measurement error. Based on the analysis, a new method of calibrating the angle measurement error based on the improved B-spline curve fitting-gradient descent and particle swarm optimization -radial basis function neural network (IBSCF-GDPSO-RBF) method is proposed. The method can eliminate the angle measurement error caused by the instrument’s torsional deformation. The steps of the IBSCF-GDPSO-RBF method are presented, and the angular measurement error compensation is executed under load conditions. The experiment shows that the instrument deformation caused angle measurement error after compensation is within ± two angular seconds. This paper’s innovation proposes the error calibration method based on the IBSCF-GDPSO-RBF method. It provides a reference for measuring and evaluating the actual torsional rigidity of the Rotary Vector (RV) reducer under any load

Crystal Facet Engineering of Copper-Based Metal−Organic Frameworks with Inorganic Modulators

Manipulating the exposed facets of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is of importance toward understanding their facet-dependent property in a variety of applications. Herein, we apply a novel inorganic competitive coordination strategy to control the growth orientation of copper-based MOFs (HKUST-1, MOF-14, and Cu-MOF-74) without sacrificing the pore accessibility and crystallinity. Through monitoring the reactant composition, we find that the competitive coordination induced by the added aluminium nitrate mainly affects the crystal growth stage rather than the nucleation stage. The kinetic study further reveals that Al3+ competes with Cu2+ to coordinate with ligands, restraining the growth rate of certain facets and resulting in the orientated growth of copper-based MOFs. Compared to the reduced pore accessibility of HKUST-1 crystals modulated by the organic modulation method, Al3+-modulated HKUST-1 displays a much larger surface area (>2200 m2/g) and more accessible Cu active sites. Hydroxylation of toluene was utilized as a model reaction to investigate the facet-catalytic activity for as-synthesized HKUST-1. The selectivity of the preferred product cresol increases with the morphology transformation of HKUST-1 from octahedron to cube

Silencing of NOTCH3 Signaling in Meniscus Smooth Muscle Cells Inhibits Fibrosis and Exacerbates Degeneration in a HEYL‐Dependent Manner

Abstract The mechanisms of meniscus fibrosis and novel ways to enhance fibrosis is unclear. This work reveals human meniscus fibrosis initiated at E24 weeks. Smooth muscle cell cluster is identified in embryonic meniscus, and the combined analysis with previous data suggests smooth muscle cell in embryonic meniscus as precursors of progenitor cells in the mature meniscus. NOTCH3 is constantly expressed in smooth muscle cells throughout embryogenesis to adulthood. Inhibition of NOTCH3 signaling in vivo inhibits meniscus fibrosis and exacerbates degeneration. Continuous histological sections show that HEYL, NOTCH3 downstream target gene, is expressed consistently with NOTCH3. HEYL knockdown in meniscus cells attenuated the COL1A1 upregulation by CTGF and TGF‐β stimulation. Thus, this study discovers the existence of smooth muscle cells and fibers in the meniscus. Inhibition of NOTCH3 signaling in meniscus smooth muscle cells in a HEYL‐dependent manner prevented meniscus fibrosis and exacerbated degeneration. Therefore, NOTCH3/HEYL signaling might be a potential therapeutic target for meniscus fibrosis

Recent advances in the application of gasotransmitters in spinal cord injury

Abstract Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a condition characterized by complete or incomplete motor and sensory impairment, as well as dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, caused by factors such as trauma, tumors, or inflammation. Current treatment methods primarily include traditional approaches like spinal canal decompression and internal fixation surgery, steroid pulse therapy, as well as newer techniques such as stem cell transplantation and brain-spinal cord interfaces. However, the above methods have limited efficacy in promoting axonal and neuronal regeneration. The challenge in medical research today lies in promoting spinal cord neuron regeneration and regulating the disrupted microenvironment of the spinal cord. Studies have shown that gas molecular therapy is increasingly used in medical research, with gasotransmitters such as hydrogen sulfide, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, oxygen, and hydrogen exhibiting neuroprotective effects in central nervous system diseases. The gas molecular protect against neuronal death and reshape the microenvironment of spinal cord injuries by regulating oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic processes. At present, gas therapy mainly relies on inhalation for systemic administration, which cannot effectively enrich and release gas in the spinal cord injury area, making it difficult to achieve the expected effects. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the use of nanocarriers to achieve targeted enrichment and precise control release of gas at Sites of injury has become one of the emerging research directions in SCI. It has shown promising therapeutic effects in preclinical studies and is expected to bring new hope and opportunities for the treatment of SCI. In this review, we will briefly outline the therapeutic effects and research progress of gasotransmitters and nanogas in the treatment of SCI. Graphical Abstrac

Reducing aggregation caused quenching effect through co-assembly of PAH chromophores and molecular barriers

Reducing aggregation caused quenching effect through co-assembly of PAH chromophores and molecular barrier

Reducing aggregation caused quenching effect through co-assembly of PAH chromophores and molecular barriers

0info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe