The cost of optimal SIF solutions for special Cases.

<p>The cost of optimal SIF solutions for special Cases.</p

The network topologies of Case 9 after concatenating 1 to 3 adjacent Delaunay triangles.

<p>(A) Concatenation of 1 Delaunay triangle. (B) Concatenation of 2 Delaunay triangles. (C) Concatenation of 3 Delaunay triangles.</p

The relative error percentage: .

<p>The relative error percentage: .</p

The network topologies of Case 14 after concatenating 1 to 4 adjacent Delaunay triangles.

<p>(A) Concatenation of 1 Delaunay triangle. (B) Concatenation of 2 Delaunay triangles. (C) Concatenation of 3 Delaunay triangles. (D) Concatenation of 4 Delaunay triangles.</p

All possible candidate Steiner nodes for 1 DT to 4 DT concatenations.

<p>(A) Possible Steiner nodes in 1 DT. (B) Possible Steiner nodes in 2 DT. (C) Possible Steiner nodes in 3 DT. (D) Possible Steiner nodes in 4 DT.</p

The ESMT topology for Case 15 by GeoSteiner.

<p>The ESMT topology for Case 15 by GeoSteiner.</p

The network topologies of Butterfly network after concatenating 1 and 2 adjacent Delaunay triangles.

<p>(A) Concatenation of 1 Delaunay triangle. (B) Concatenation of 2 Delaunay triangles.</p

SIF result for random network after concatenating 1 and 2 adjacent Delaunay triangles, when <i>N</i> = 9.

<p>(A) Concatenation of 1 Delaunay triangle. (B) Concatenation of 2 Delaunay triangles.</p

MST topology by Matlab for Butterfly network.

<p>MST topology by Matlab for Butterfly network.</p

The optimal SIF topology of Pentagram.

<p>The optimal SIF topology of Pentagram.</p