Implementing Urgent Transport and Transit Projects Based on Public-private Partnership in Russia

The article examines the main areas for implementing urgent transport and transit projects based on Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in Russia. This paper continues the study of theory and practice of using PPP to implement the investment projects aimed at developing and realizing the transport and transit potential of Russia. The authors used the methodological basis of the evolutionary and institutional theory, historical approach, system analysis, and theory of the rm to examine the ongoing projects aimed at developing the transport and transit system in Russia based on PPP, such as construction of high-speed Moscow — Kazan highway with its subsequent extension to the Chinese border, functioning of transport and logistics system in the Chelyabinsk region, infrastructural support for transit cargo shipments along the Northern Sea Route (NSR), participation of foreign investors in the development of Russian sea ports and approaches to them. It is shown that the provision of competitive advantages offered by transit shipping operations on a particular route requires a high speed of cargo transportation with a minimum of stops, handling, and transshipments along the route. The revenues from realizing transport and transit potential can be compared with the amount of resource rent only when Russia builds not just a transit sector but the production and transit sector in its economy. In this regard, the authors focused on defining the opportunity and necessity of organizational transformations associated with building a large public-private transport company that would be able to compete with global sea container companies on Asia—Europe routes. The article elaborated the main areas and measures under the proposed national project “Developing the Transit Economy in Russia: Uniting Eurasia” and its subprogram “Developing the Innovative Rolling Stock for Container and Multimodal Shipping Operations.” The finding of the study presented in the article may be used for preparing the state programs and projects that include a system of measures to develop and realize the transport and transit potential of Russia based on institutional and organizational transformations.The article has been prepared with the support of Russian Science Foundation (Project № 16–18–10149)

Institutional and organizational features of the cross-border freight traffic in the conditions of integration among former Soviet States. Part 1

The article considers the technical, technological, institutional and organizational barriers of cross-border transportation of goods. The study uses an institutional approach as a methodological alternative to other approaches. The institutional and organizational problems of border crossing points arrangement, the consequences of the application of unified transport documents, the introduction of electronic communication forms are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of demonstration actions, the daily practice of reducing the time of customs procedures and reducing the transaction costs of cross-border freight traffic. At the same time, it is specified that the way of effectiveness increase of cross-border transportation of goods is a simultaneous implementation of technical and institutional innovations. Emphasis is placed on identifying the institutional and organizational features of the international transportation of goods by road, in particular, the problems of the evolution of the customs duties guaranteed payment institute, the permission system in the implementation of cross-border goods traffic. It is especially specified that the state support of national businessmen demands the development of a mechanism providing a parity of the Russian and foreign carriers, at least in the field of freight hauling for the state needs with attraction of credit resources of banks with the state participation. It is emphasized that elimination of all informal (shadow) relations in this sphere has to become the first step on the way of improvement of the institutional environment of the international road haulage. The institutional characteristics of transportation of goods in certain areas, in particular, road haulage to China through Kazakhstan, and the challenges and prospects for the use and development of the Kaliningrad region transit potential are allocated. The institutional and organizational characteristics of multimodal transport development in cross-border traffic are shown. The findings of the study suggest that the development of cross-border transportation of goods and the transport and transit potential implementation in Eurasian Economic Union countries - can and should provide income for business entities, the budgets of all levels and the public, as well as to become the locomotive of industrial and technological modernization and institutional - organizational evolution of economic systems and integration associations.Рассмотрены технические, технологические, институциональные и организационные барьеры трансграничных перевозок грузов. Затронуты институционально-организационные проблемы обустройства пограничных пунктов пропуска, последствия применения унифицированных перевозочных документов, внедрения электронных форм передачи информации. Особое внимание уделено анализу показательных акций и повседневной практики сокращения времени таможенных процедур, снижения транзакционных издержек трансграничного движения грузов. Показаны институционально-организационные особенности развития смешанных перевозок грузов в трансграничном сообщении.The article has been prepared with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (the project. 15-06-06939 a "Modeling of evolution cyclicity of mutual influence of national transport system and condition of commodity markets (services), work and capital in the conditions of integration and global instability")