Effect of Aloe vera juice on toxicity induced by arsenic in Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

An attempt has been made to study the effect of Aloe vera juice on the toxicity induced by arsenic on Labeo rohita fingerlings, exposed to sub–lethal concentration of a combination of arsenic and Aloe vera juice for 21 days. The study of bioaccumulation pattern of arsenic supplimented with Aloe vera juice was carried out on selected parts like liver and muscle tissues. In both the liver and muscle tissues a pronounced effect of arsenic and Aloe vera juice was noted on the activities of Glutamate - oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), Glutamate - pyruvate transaminase (GPT), acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP and ALP) enzymes. Also the levels of total proteins, total lipids, protease, free amino acids and glycogen were assessed. A significant decrease in enzymatic activity of GPT, GOT, ACP and ALP was noted in liver and muscle tissues. The level of protein, lipids and glycogen also decreased, whereas the amount of protease and free amino acids profoundly increased. The results of present study suggest that Aloe vera juice has an effective hepatoprotective and tissue protective property against arsenic toxicity. The results further suggest that the L.rohita fingerlings could be suitable for monitoring the bioavailability of water bound metals in fresh water habitats

Effect of Aloe vera juice on the hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid drug

Aloe vera leaves were gently pressed and the juice obtained was collected in a sterile container. The yield was calculated based on weight of the extract compared to the weight of the leaves. Twenty (20) Wistar strain rats (average weight 120-150 g) were divided into four (4) groups containing five (5) rats in each group. Each group was fed on a different diet like the control rats were fed on commercial rat pellet; experimental rats fed orally with Aloe vera juice 1.0 ml/kg body weight and isoniazid drug (LD) 50ml/kg body weight. Blood samples from each group were taken after 30th day through cardiac puncture for estimation of liver function test. The extent of liver damage was assessed by quantitative estimation of serum alanine aminotransferase (serum ALT), serum aspartate aminotransferase (serum AST), serum alkaline phosphatase (serum ALP), serum acid phosphatase (serum ACP), total serum protein (albumin and globulin) and serum bilirubin. Our investigations showed that the level of bilirubin was found to be higher in aloe vera juice and isoniazid drug administered groups. The level of serum ALT was found to be highest in rat fed with isoniazid drug, whereas the level of serum AST was found lowest in rats administered with isoniazid drug. The levels of serum ALP and serum ACP were found higher in concentration in rats administered with isoniazid drug. While the level of total proteins (albumin and globulin) was found to be low in group administered with isoniazid drug. Histopathological assessment of liver revealed that the animal exposed to isoniazid drug alone showed multifocal mild degree periportal mononuclear cell infiltration. Histological lesions ranged from hepatocellar disintegration and vacuolation in the peri-central vein area to marked proliferation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.The remaining groups, however showed normal lobular pattern of liver

A study on presence of bioactive compounds in snail Achantina fulica

The bioactivity study of the crude extract as well as the pure compounds isolated by preparative TLC, of the snail were carried on bacteria, Escherichia coli PBR 322, Vibrio cholerae and cockroaches Periplanata americana. The growth of the bacteria was found to be inhibited and the cockroaches in moribund condition were found to be dead after a period of 24 hrs of incubation. The results concluded that the extract of the snail contained the bioactive compounds

Effect of Piper nigrum (Linn.) seeds extract and second line anti-tuberculosis drugs on a few Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains

Piper nigrum (Linn.) belonging to the family Piperaceae have been reported for its multitudinous medicinal values. The present study was undertaken to examine the direct effect of Ethionamide (ETH), Para amino salicylic acid (PAS), ethanolic extracts of P. nigrum on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strain H37Rv and Multi drug-resistant (MDR)-strains-12, 19 and 21. The proportion method was used to detect the anti-mycobacterial drug susceptibility testing for mycobacteria using Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) medium. It was found that P. nigrum does not interfere with single or in the combination of both ETH and PAS showing the bioenhancer activity. In vitro study of ethanolic extract of P. nigrum observed that the extract inhibited the growth of H37Rv strains and MDR strains-12, MDR strains 19, and MDR strains 21. The present results will pave new avenues to find a new medicine that possesses P. nigrum alone or in combination with drugs to combat MDR-strains controlling tuberculosis

A study on presence of bioactive compounds in snail Achantina fulica

The bioactivity study of the crude extract as well as the pure compounds isolated by preparative TLC, of the snail were carried on bacteria, Escherichia coli PBR 322, Vibrio cholerae and cockroaches Periplanata americana. The growth of the bacteria was found to be inhibited and the cockroaches in moribund condition were found to be dead after a period of 24 hrs of incubation. The results concluded that the extract of the snail contained the bioactive compounds

Effect of Aloe vera juice on toxicity induced by arsenic in Labeo rohita (Hamilton)

An attempt has been made to study the effect of Aloe vera juice on the toxicity induced by arsenic on Labeo rohita fingerlings, exposed to sub–lethal concentration of a combination of arsenic and Aloe vera juice for 21 days. The study of bioaccumulation pattern of arsenic supplimented with Aloe vera juice was carried out on selected parts like liver and muscle tissues. In both the liver and muscle tissues a pronounced effect of arsenic and Aloe vera juice was noted on the activities of Glutamate - oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), Glutamate - pyruvate transaminase (GPT), acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP and ALP) enzymes. Also the levels of total proteins, total lipids, protease, free amino acids and glycogen were assessed. A significant decrease in enzymatic activity of GPT, GOT, ACP and ALP was noted in liver and muscle tissues. The level of protein, lipids and glycogen also decreased, whereas the amount of protease and free amino acids profoundly increased. The results of present study suggest that Aloe vera juice has an effective hepatoprotective and tissue protective property against arsenic toxicity. The results further suggest that the L.rohita fingerlings could be suitable for monitoring the bioavailability of water bound metals in fresh water habitats

Original Article BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM SPONGE SUBERITES CARNOSUS (JOHNSTON) COLLECTED FROM WEST COAST OF MUMBAI, INDIA

Objective: Structural elucidation of bioactive compounds from marine Sponge Suberites Carnosus (Johnston) by using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) techniques with respect to its pharmacological and biomedical properties. Methods: The sponge Suberites carnosus (Johnston) was collected during low tides from West Coast of Mumbai. Crude extract was obtained by taking 10 gram of sponge sample in10 ml of methanol. The preparative TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) was performed by using Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Diethylamine (7:2:1) (v/v). The isolated compounds were subjected to GC-MS and FTIR analysis. Results: From the GC-MS and FTIR analysis, total ten compounds were identified. The GC-MS spectra correlate to the mass spectra. The structures of those compounds are 6-Fluoro 2-trifluromethylbenzoic acid,2,3-dichlorophenyl ester, Eicosane 3-cyclohexyl, Phosphine imide, P,P,P,-tris (p-chlorophenyl)-N-phenyl-, Dimethylhyl hexavinyl octasilsesquioxane, Hexanoicacid, hexadecyl ester, Hexadecanoic acid,2-hydroxy1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester, 9, 19-Cyclolanostan-3-ol, acetate, (3β), Tetracosane, 3-ethyl-, 11, 14-Eicosadienoic acid, methyl ester, Triacontane, 11,20-didecyl-respectively. Conclusion: The nature and biological properties of the said compounds were determined and it was found that some of them act as a skin irritant. Some of them have fatty, metabolite, and irritant property, whereas some are act as masking and perfuming agents. Some compounds are highly toxic property, whereas others have an effect on health and environmental hazard. Some are highly corrosive in nature, whereas others are Cholesterol and chemotaxonomic significance

IPA-Open access -Distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0 Contamination of heavy metals in seafood marketed from Vile Parle and Dadar markets of suburban areas of Mumbai (west coast of) India

ABSTRACT Seafood is the major source of food of large number of people residing in the coastal area of Maharashtra. Fish samples namely Megalaspis cordyla, Sepia aculeate, Arius dussumieri, Cynoglossus macrolepidotus, Coilia dussumieri (Vile Parle) and Lepturacanthus lepturus, Escuolosa thoracata, Parastromateus niger, Arius dussumieri, and Ilisha filigera (Dadar) were collected directly from the two suburban markets ( Vile Parle and Dadar) of Mumbai coast. These fish samples were dried in the laboratory and, the dried fishes were crushed into a fine powder by mortal and pestle and stored in amber colored bottles in vacuum desiccators. These samples were evaluated by Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer for the determination of the six heavy metals namely Zinc, Manganese, and Iron, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury. It is reported in the literature that the level of Zn in fishes is generally above the tolerable limits. In our present study, we found that the level of Zn in fishes from Vile Parle and Dadar market was also above the tolerable limits. Our data for Mn revels is comparable with the similar data reported in the literature. Iron was the dominant metal measured during this study. From our study it was found that the concentration of Fe in different species of fishes collected from Vile Parle and Dadar markets was quite high as also reported in earlier literature. Thus the values of Fe in present suggest severe contamination in the seafood in recent years. The level of Pb, in our study is within tolerable limits. The concentrations of Cd, in marketed fishes in our study were far lower than the consumption safety tolerance in fishes set by countries elsewhere. According to the results obtained, the Hg, level in the samples of the fishes collected from the Vile Parle and Dadar markets were found below the tolerable limits than the permissible level

Low temperature synthesis of pure anatase carbon doped titanium dioxide: An efficient visible light active photocatalyst

Low temperature pure anatase Carbon Doped Titanium Dioxide (C-TiO2) is successfully synthesized by using starch as an effective, economical, and nonhazardous carbon source. The synthesized C-TiO2 has been further characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, SEM, TEM, BET, XPS and UV- DRS techniques, which reveal that the particles are crystalline with spherical morphology, high surface area and an optical band gap of 2.79 eV for CTiO2 calcined at 400 °C. Furthermore photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye was carried out using asprepared C-TiO2 under visible light irradiation. Prepared C-TiO2 calcined at 200 °C and 400 °C show higher degradation efficiency (85% and 100% in 120 min respectively) as compared to that of undoped TiO2 and commercial Degussa P-25. Result shows that the C-TiO2 containing lower carbon percentage has higher photocatalytic activity. Thus enhanced photocatalytic activity of C-TiO2, may be due to synergic effect of carbon doping and [101] facet enhanced synthesis of anatase C-TiO2