Differential Transform Method for Solving the Two-dimensional Fredholm Integral Equations

In this paper, we develop the Differential Transform (DT) method in a new scheme to solve the two-dimensional Fredholm integral equations (2D-FIEs) of the second kind. The differential transform method is a procedure to obtain the coefficients of the Taylor expansion of the solution of differential and integral equations. So, one can obtain the Taylor expansion of the solution of arbitrary order and hence the solution of the given equation can be obtained with required accuracy. Here, we first give some basic definitions and properties about DT from references, and then we prove some theorems to extend the DT method for solving the 2D-FIEs. Then by using the DT, the 2D-FIE is converted to a system of linear algebraic equations whose unknowns are the coefficients of the Taylor expansion of the solution. Solving the system gives us an approximate solution. Finally, we give some examples to show the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method

Differential Transform Method for Solving the Two-dimensional Fredholm Integral Equations

Abstract In this paper, we develop the Differential Transform (DT) method in a new scheme to solve the two-dimensional Fredholm integral equations (2D-FIEs) of the second kind. The differential transform method is a procedure to obtain the coefficients of the Taylor expansion of the solution of differential and integral equations. So, one can obtain the Taylor expansion of the solution of arbitrary order and hence the solution of the given equation can be obtained with required accuracy. Here, we first give some basic definitions and properties about DT from references, and then we prove some theorems to extend the DT method for solving the 2D-FIEs. Then by using the DT, the 2D-FIE is converted to a system of linear algebraic equations whose unknowns are the coefficients of the Taylor expansion of the solution. Solving the system gives us an approximate solution. Finally, we give some examples to show the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method

A novel mutation in SEPN1 causing rigid spine muscular dystrophy 1: A Case report

Abstract Background Muscular dystrophies are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by variable degrees of progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. There is a wide variability in the age of onset, symptoms and rate of progression in subtypes of these disorders. Herein, we present the results of our study conducted to identify the pathogenic genetic variation involved in our patient affected by rigid spine muscular dystrophy. Case presentation A 14-year-old boy, product of a first-cousin marriage, was enrolled in our study with failure to thrive, fatigue, muscular dystrophy, generalized muscular atrophy, kyphoscoliosis, and flexion contracture of the knees and elbows. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was carried out on the DNA of the patient to investigate all coding regions and uncovered a novel, homozygous missense mutation in SEPN1 gene (c. 1379 C > T, p.Ser460Phe). This mutation has not been reported before in different public variant databases and also our database (BayanGene), so it is classified as a variation of unknown significance (VUS). Subsequently, it was confirmed that the novel variation was homozygous in our patient and heterozygous in his parents. Different bioinformatics tools showed the damaging effects of the variant on protein. Multiple sequence alignment using BLASTP on ExPASy and WebLogo, revealed the conservation of the mutated residue. Conclusion We reported a novel homozygous mutation in SEPN1 gene that expands our understanding of rigid spine muscular dystrophy. Although bioinformatics analyses of results were in favor of the pathogenicity of the mutation, functional studies are needed to establish the pathogenicity of the variant

Feasibility of rainwater harvesting and consumption in a middle eastern Semiarid urban area

Recent developments of Middle Eastern metropolitans, and the related soaring trend of population increase, is contemporary with the impacts of climate changes. This applies extra pressures to the centralized large-scale water treatment and distribution systems. Rainwater harvesting (RWH) for domestic urban activities can be a sustainable option of adapting with the rising demand of soft water in such an arid/semiarid area. A pilot system of rainwater draining and storage was constructed for alleviating parts of soft water scarcity in Mashhad, the second most populous city of Iran. Measurements were collected for two years at the drainage basin outlet and inside of a storage tank, which has been equipped for water harvesting purposes. We performed some preliminary stochastic analysis and evaluated probabilistic properties of the collected dataset, aiming to explain them with respect to the physical characteristics of the RWH system. Data clustering analysis confirmed that the quality of the water may change during rainwater draining and storage in the RWH tank. Particularly, sodium content of the sampled water in the drainage catchment illustrated higher variations, compared with the ones evaluated for the stored water in the reservoir tank. This can confirm that the quality of the stored water in the RWH reservoir is more stable than that obtained for each separate rainfall–runoff event. We assessed the potential of the harvested water in different consumption contexts, in light of some national and international water quality (physicochemical, biological, and toxic pollutants) guidelines. We relied on water quality indices (WQI) to interpret multiparametric properties of the collected rainwater from urban surfaces; consequently, the quality of the harvested water was categorized with moderate to almost good attributes. This makes it well suited for irrigation uses, which can play a relevant role against water shortages in the analyzed semiarid urban region. Otherwise, infiltration and treatments need to be performed if using harvested water for drinking consumptions (of human or livestock), some of which may be costly for local owners/uses. We provide some suggestions for improving efficiency of the system and enhancing the quality of the harvesting water

Scorpion bites in the north-western of Khuzestan province from May 2002 to December 2003

Background & Aim: Scorpion bites are one of the major health problems in some parts of Iran. This study has been conducted to evaluate the scorpion biting in north-western of Khuzestan province from May 2002 to December 2003. Methods & Materials: This study was a prospective case series conducted from May 2002 to December 2003. Location of the study was the Northwest region of Khuzestan Province. Results: From all 139 cases of scorpion bites by Androctonus crassicauda came to the clinic most bites were occurred during summer. All patients were treated conservatively without injecting anti-scorpion serum and discharged without any complication. Conclusion: The major threat in that region is because of Androctonus crassicauda bites. Considering that there is no need to inject anti-scorpion serum for these kinds of bites, further evaluation and doing more through studies about treatment is recommended. Moreover, no relation was seen between scorpion bites and different nights of month

System for recycling wastewater resulting form the washing and rinsing proces sof a dishwasher, expecially for reuse in said process and for irrigation of plants, and process for the use of said system

A system for recycling waste water form the washing and rinsing process of a dishwasher is described, said dishwasher having at least one washing cycle and at least one rinsing cycle, the system comprising: a plant irrigation system; a first reservoir, adapted to receive and contain liquid drained from the dishwasher as a result of said washing and rinsing cycles; a second reservoir adapted to receive and contain a liquid; a first filter adapted to contain a liquid coming from said reservoir; a biological filter adapted to further filter the liquid coming from said first filter, said biological filter being adapted to transform an organic component of the liquid received from said first filter into an inorganic component comprising nutrition substances for said plants