Bacterial community assembly driven by temporal succession rather than spatial heterogeneity in Lake Bosten: a large lake suffering from eutrophication and salinization

Oligosaline lakes in arid and semi-arid regions play a crucial role in providing essential water resources for local populations. However, limited research exists on the impact of the environment on bacterial community structure in these lakes, co-occurrence patterns and the mechanisms governing bacterial community assembly. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by examining samples collected from five areas of Lake Bosten over four seasons. Using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing method, we identified a total of 510 to 1,005 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to 37 phyla and 359 genera in Lake Bosten. The major bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria (46.5%), Actinobacteria (25.9%), Bacteroidetes (13.2%), and Cyanobacteria (5.7%), while the major genera were hgcI_clade (12.9%), Limnohabitans (6.2%), and Polynucleobacter (4.7%). Water temperature emerged as the primary driver of these community structure variations on global level. However, when considering only seasonal variations, pH and nitrate were identified as key factors influencing bacterial community structures. Summer differed from other seasons in aspects of seasonal symbiotic patterns of bacterial communities, community assembly and function are different from other seasons. There were notable variations in bacterial community structures between winter and summer. Deterministic processes dominated community assembly, but there was an increase in the proportion of stochastic processes during summer. In summer, the functions related to photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, and decomposition of organic matter showed higher abundance. Our findings shed light on the response of bacterial communities to environmental changes and the underlying mechanisms of community assembly in oligosaline lakes in arid regions

Study and Application of Urban Aquatic Ecosystem Health Evaluation Index System in River Network Plain Area

The evaluation index system of urban aquatic ecosystem health is of great significance for the assessment and management of urban river networks, and for urban development planning. In this paper, the concept of urban aquatic ecosystem health was analyzed by the relationship between human, city and aquatic ecosystem, and its evaluation index system was established from environmental conditions, ecological construction, and social service. In addition, the weight value of each index was calculated by the analytic hierarchy process, and the grading standard of each index was set. Jiading New City, a typical city of the river network plain area in Yangtze River delta, was selected as the aquatic ecosystem health evaluation sample. The fuzzy comprehensive method was used to evaluate the aquatic ecosystem health of Jiading New City. The results indicated that the water ecosystem health of Jiading New City reached the “good” level. For the criterion level, environmental conditions and ecological construction reached the “good” level, and social services reached the “excellent” level. For the indicator level, most indicators reached “good” and “excellent” levels, but the river complexity and benthic macroinvertebrate diversity are still in the “poor” state, which indicates that the aquatic environment has greatly improved, but the aquatic ecosystem has not been fully restored. Results suggested that river complexity and biodiversity should be increased in urban construction planning. The evaluation index system established in this paper can be used to reflect the urban aquatic ecosystem health conditions in river network plain areas

Fabrication of CeO2–MOx (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation

CeO2–MOx (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with uniform size were fabricated by a general wet-chemical approach. It involved a non-equilibrium heat-treatment of Ce coordination polymer colloidal spheres (Ce-CPCSs) with a proper heating rate to produce CeO2 yolk–shell nanospheres, followed by a solvothermal treatment of as-synthesized CeO2 with M(CH3COO)2 in ethanol solution. During the solvothermal process, highly dispersed MOx species were decorated on the surface of CeO2 yolk–shell nanospheres to form CeO2–MOx composites. As a CO oxidation catalyst, the CeO2–MOx composite yolk–shell nanospheres showed strikingly higher catalytic activity than naked CeO2 due to the strong synergistic interaction at the interface sites between MOx and CeO2. Cycling tests demonstrate the good cycle stability of these yolk–shell nanospheres. The initial concentration of M(CH3COO)2·xH2O in the synthesis process played a significant role in catalytic performance for CO oxidation. Impressively, complete CO conversion as reached at a relatively low temperature of 145 °C over the CeO2–CuOx-2 sample. Furthermore, the CeO2–CuOx catalyst is more active than the CeO2–CoOx and CeO2–NiO catalysts, indicating that the catalytic activity is correlates with the metal oxide. Additionally, this versatile synthesis approach can be expected to create other ceria-based composite oxide systems with various structures for a broad range of technical applications

Modeling and Pilot-Scale Experiment of Hydrodynamic Regulation to Improve the Water Quality of a Plain Urban River Network: A Case Study of Changzhou, China

One-dimensional modeling of the hydrodynamic river networks of plain urban rivers has been employed to optimize operating regulations in these river networks. However, pilot-scale experiments are still lacking for the validation of hydrodynamics obtained by modeling to improve water quality. In this study, a pilot-scale experiment combined with theoretical calculation was conducted to determine both the hydrodynamics and water quality in the Hutang area of Changzhou, China. The simulation results showed that using high-performance pumps on the border to drain the river beyond it could increase the frequency of water replenishment. The results of the pilot-scale experiment are consistent with the simulation. Moreover, only in condition (c) does the water of the Wuyi canal flow into the Wunan river. With the exception of turbidity, the highest number of rivers with improved water quality tables occurred in this condition. Based on the response mechanism between the flow rate and the water quality, a flow rate within the range of 0.12 m/s to 0.28 m/s can help reduce comprehensive pollution. This study successfully enhanced the hydrodynamic regulation and water quality of the rivers in the Hutang region using technologies combined with simulation and pilot-scale experiments

BRMS1L mediated effect of miR-20a-5p expression on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells

526-533Cancer causes most fatalities worldwide next only to cardiovascular disease. Early diagnosis helps to reduce such incidences. In gastric cancer, abnormal expressions of micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) could serve as a marker. However, studies involving both miR-20a-5p and BRMS1L expressions are limited. Here, we studied the expressions of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-20a-5p and its target gene breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1-like (BRMS1L) in gastric cancer tissues and their effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. The expression of miR-20a-5p was significantly higher and the expression of BRMS1L was lower in gastric cancer tissues than those in paracancerous tissues (P <0.05). The expression of miR-20a-5p was significantly correlated with tumor-node-metastasis stage, lymph node metastasis, infiltration depth and differentiation degree (P <0.05). The miR-20a-5p group had significantly raised cell proliferation ability and expressions of cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 as well as reduced apoptosis ability and expression of caspase-3 protein than those of control and miR-NC groups (P <0.05). MiR-20a-5p is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells, and overexpression of miR-20a-5p can facilitate the proliferation and suppress the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells

A Nation-Wide Framework for Evaluating Freshwater Health in China: Background, Administration, and Indicators

This study reviewed the existing experience of implementing the nation-wide freshwater health evaluation in China and around the world and proposes a new framework that works in collaboration with the River Chief System (RCS). The institutional context of China with intertwined political and scientific considerations makes it essential to establish a concise and quantitative approach to assess the effectiveness of the RCS as well as local freshwater health conditions that can be easily understood by non-experts for decision-making. To fulfil this objective, we reconstructed the indicator categories based on the best practices in major western countries and the existing regional standards in China. The new indicator framework includes two main aspects: Ecosystem integrity (physical habitat, water quantity, water quality, and aquatic life) and non-ecological performance (social services and water governance). Specifically, the non-ecological attributes of freshwaters are in accordance with the purposes of the RCS and are usually ignored in many countries. The final health grade for a specific water body is determined by a weighted averaging method; this grade is the core element of an evaluation protocol designed to produce reliable data for adaptable water resources governance in China. The research findings in this study will also be integrated into the new national standard to be issued by the Ministry of Water Resources of China in late 2020

Response of NDVI and SIF to Meteorological Drought in the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2020

Understanding the response of vegetation to drought is of great significance to the biodiversity protection of terrestrial ecosystem. Based on the MOD13A2 NDVI, GOSIF, and SPEI data of the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2020, this paper used the methods of Theil&ndash;Sen median trend analysis, Mann&ndash;Kendall significance test, and Pearson correlation analysis to analyze whether the vegetation change trends monitored by MODIS and GOSIF are consistent and their sensitivity to meteorological drought. The results showed that NDVI and SIF increased significantly (p &lt; 0.001) at the rate of 0.496 &times; 10&minus;2 and 0.345 &times; 10&minus;2, respectively. The significant improvement area of SIF (66.49%, p &lt; 0.05) is higher than NDVI (50.7%, p &lt; 0.05), and the spatial distribution trend of vegetation growth monitored by NDVI and SIF is consistent. The negative value of SPEI-12 accounts for 65.83%, with obvious periodic changes. The significant positive correlation areas of SIF-SPEI in spring, summer, and autumn (R &gt; 0, p &lt; 0.05) were 7.00%, 28.49%, and 2.28% respectively, which were higher than the significant positive correlation areas of NDVI-SPEI (spring: 1.79%; summer: 20.72%; autumn: 1.13%). SIF responded more strongly to SPEI in summer, and farmland SIF was significantly correlated with SPEI (0.3424, p &lt; 0.01). The results indicate that SIF is more responsive to drought than NDVI. Analyzing the response of vegetation to meteorological drought can provide constructive reference for ecological protection

Response of NDVI and SIF to Meteorological Drought in the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2020

Understanding the response of vegetation to drought is of great significance to the biodiversity protection of terrestrial ecosystem. Based on the MOD13A2 NDVI, GOSIF, and SPEI data of the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2020, this paper used the methods of Theil–Sen median trend analysis, Mann–Kendall significance test, and Pearson correlation analysis to analyze whether the vegetation change trends monitored by MODIS and GOSIF are consistent and their sensitivity to meteorological drought. The results showed that NDVI and SIF increased significantly (p −2 and 0.345 × 10−2, respectively. The significant improvement area of SIF (66.49%, p p 0, p p < 0.01). The results indicate that SIF is more responsive to drought than NDVI. Analyzing the response of vegetation to meteorological drought can provide constructive reference for ecological protection

CSAC-Net: Fast Adaptive sEMG Recognition through Attention Convolution Network and Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning

Gesture recognition through surface electromyography (sEMG) provides a new method for the control algorithm of bionic limbs, which is a promising technology in the field of human–computer interaction. However, subject specificity of sEMG along with the offset of the electrode makes it challenging to develop a model that can quickly adapt to new subjects. In view of this, we introduce a new deep neural network called CSAC-Net. Firstly, we extract the time-frequency feature from the raw signal, which contains rich information. Secondly, we design a convolutional neural network supplemented by an attention mechanism for further feature extraction. Additionally, we propose to utilize model-agnostic meta-learning to adapt to new subjects and this learning strategy achieves better results than the state-of-the-art methods. By the basic experiment on CapgMyo and three ablation studies, we demonstrate the advancement of CSAC-Net