Vision performance enhancement with ski goggle tints

Three popular ski goggle lens tints; gold, vermilion and gray; were evaluated for their effect on vision and skiing performance. Subjects were tested for visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, timed in a Giant Slalom ski race course, and asked to complete subjective questionnaires on the effectiveness of the lens tints on their performance. A video of each run was observed by three ski professionals and ranked based on skier performance. No significant differences were found between the three tints for visual acuity, contrast performance by video analysis. There was a subjective preference of the vermilion tint over the gold or gray tints

MV reference dosimetry in TRS-398: State-of the art and research supporting an updated code of practice

International audienceThe data in IAEA TRS-398 for MV beams was prepared in the mid-1990s, and since that date a number of new developments have taken place, such as the publication of ICRU 90 on key data for measurement standards in the dosimetry of ionizing radiation, free flattening filter beams, new detectors and dosimetry for small fields. IAEA decided to update its protocol and by the end of 2015 asked for volunteers to measure (based on primary standard dosimeters) and calculate (with Monte Carlo codes) updated kQ,Q0 values for reference-class ionization chambers (IC). Primary standard dosimeters for absorbed dose to water are water and graphite calorimeters. IAEA requested primary and secondary standard dosimetry laboratories to measure kQ,Q0 values for at least 5 ICs of the same type, ideally from different manufactured batches and to include one chamber with well-known kQ,Q0 values such as NE 2571. For calculations, the Monte Carlo codes have to pass the Fano test like EGSnrc and PENELOPE. One IC with well-known kQ,Q0 values has to be simulated first to demonstrate appropriate skill for these calculations. The complete results are to be delivered by December 2018 and the data analysis is to begin in 2019. Following IAEA demand, EURAMET decided to launch the EMPIR project 16NRM03 RTNORM in mid-2017 to provide kQ,Q0 factors to the IAEA. In the MV photon beams workgroup, DTU (Denmark), LNE-LNHB (France), NPL (United Kingdoms) and VSL (the Netherlands) were to measure kQ,Q0 factors for 6 IC types and ENEA (Italy), IST-ID (Portugal), STUK (Finland) and THM (Germany) were to calculate kQ,Q0 factors for 10 IC types. This presentation will give a description of the RTNORM measurements and calculations. The results will serve as examples to show which kind of data the IAEA received and how to evaluate them in order to select the ones that will be used for the TRS-398 update