40 research outputs found
Untersuchungen von Mikroglia-Zellen und des Mannose-Rezeptors unter einem immunologischen Blickwinkel
Die Rolle des Mannose-Rezeptors in Mikroglia-Zellen wurde untersucht. Durch Stimulation mit Cytokinen wurde die Regulation der Expression und Aktivität des Mannose-Rezeptors in einem immunologischen Umfeld in Mikroglia-Zellen simuliert. Die erhaltenen Ergebnissse sprechen für eine Beteiligung des Mannose-Rezeptors an der immunologisch relevanten Aktivität der Mikroglia-Zellen
Acute Effects of Esports on the Cardiovascular System and Energy Expenditure in Amateur Esports Players
INTRODUCTION: Esports is practiced by millions of people worldwide every day. On a professional level, esports has been proven to have a high stress potential and is sometimes considered equivalent to traditional sporting activities. While traditional sports have health-promoting effects through muscle activity and increased energy expenditure, amateur esports could represent a purely sedentary activity, which would carry potentially harmful effects when practiced regularly. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the acute effects of esports on the cardiovascular system and energy expenditure in amateur esports players to show whether esports can be considered as physical strain or mental stress or whether amateur esports has to be seen as purely sedentary behavior. METHODS: Thirty male subjects participated in a 30-min gaming session, playing the soccer simulation game FIFA 20 or the tactical, first-person multiplayer shooter Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. Respiratory and cardiovascular parameters, as well as energy expenditure, blood glucose, lactate, and cortisol, were determined pre-, during, and post-gaming. RESULTS: There were no significant changes in oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, energy expenditure, stroke volume, or lactate levels. Heart rate, blood glucose and cortisol decreased through the intervention until reaching their minimum levels 10 min post-gaming (Cortisol(pre): 3.1 ± 2.9 ng/ml, Cortisol(post): 2.2 ± 2.3 ng/ml, p < 0.01; HR(min0.5): 82 ± 11 bpm, HR(post): 74 ± 13 bpm, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: A 30-min esports intervention does not positively affect energy expenditure or metabolism in amateur esports players. Therefore, it cannot provide the same health-promoting effects as traditional sports participation, but could in the long-term rather cause the same potentially health-damaging effects as purely sedentary behavior. However, it does not trigger a negative stress response in the players. Deliberate physical activity and exercise routines adapted to these demands should therefore be part of the daily life of amateur esports players
Design of the Magnet System of the Neutron Decay Facility PERC
The PERC (Proton and Electron Radiation Channel) facility is currently under
construction at the research reactor FRM II, Garching. It will serve as an
intense and clean source of electrons and protons from neutron beta decay for
precision studies. It aims to contribute to the determination of the
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing element from neutron decay data
and to search for new physics via new effective couplings. PERC's central
component is a 12m long superconducting magnet system. It hosts an 8m long
decay region in a uniform field. An additional high-field region selects the
phase space of electrons and protons which can reach the detectors and largely
improves systematic uncertainties. We discuss the design of the magnet system
and the resulting properties of the magnetic field.Comment: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Particle Physics at
Neutron Sources PPNS 2018, Grenoble, France, May 24-26, 201
Ausweitung des Sojaanbaus in Deutschland durch züchterische Anpassung sowie pflanzenbauliche und verarbeitungstechnische Optimierung
Die Arbeiten im Sojaforschungsprojekt waren erfolgreich und konnten wichtige Impulse für die Ausweitung des Sojaanbaus in Deutschland geben. So sind die entwickelten Stämme und Kreuzungsnachkommen eine Basis für den Aufbau einer eigenständigen deutschen Sojazüchtung. Die Sorten Korus und Protibus erwiesen sich als besonders geeignet für die Tofuherstellung. Die im Projekt entwickelte Labortofurei ist ein Züchtungsinstrument zur Identifikation vielversprechender Genotypen, mit dem auch die weitere Entwicklung frühreifer Tofusojasorten unterstützt werden kann.
In Gefäßversuchen konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Reaktion auf Kühlestress während der Hülsenansatzphase zwischen den Sorten variiert und es tolerante, kompensierende und sensitive Sorten gibt. Die praktische Selektion auf Kältetoleranz war erfolgreich und für die Selektion auf Unkrauttoleranz konnte ein System etabliert werden.
Bis auf das Präparat Radicin können die vorhandenen kommerziellen Bradyrhizobienpräparate für den Praxiseinsatz empfohlen werden. Die Hypothese, dass die Selektion des Symbiosepartners auf Kühletoleranz lohnenswert ist, wurde bestätigt.
Bei der Sortenprüfung in ganz Deutschland zeigte sich, dass die Anbauwürdigkeit von Soja gut und nur an wenigen der geprüften Standorte nicht gegeben war. Die 00-Sorte ES-Mentor lieferte insgesamt die höchsten Relativerträge sowie den höchsten Rohproteinertrag, bei den 000-Sorten schnitt Sultana besonders gut ab.
Eine Variation der Saatzeit sowie verschiedene Verfrühungstechniken erweisen sich nicht als ertragsrelevant. Beim Erfolg der Unkrautregulierung mit Torsionshacke, Fingerhacke und Flachhäufler gab es keine Unterschiede. Im Dammanbau lassen sich Sojabohnen mit gutem Unkrautregulierungserfolg kultivieren.
Bei der Sojaaufbereitung sollte eine unnötig hohe Erhitzung der Bohnen bei der Aufbereitung vermieden werden, da durch die Erhitzung neben der Trypsininhibitoraktivität auch Eiweißverdaulichkeit reduziert werden. Mit ausschließlich indirekter, länger einwirkender, trockener Wärme (z. B. Biogasabwärme), ist es schwierig, gute Aufbereitungsqualitäten zu erzielen.
Der Wissenstransfer mit Feldtagen und Website www.sojainfo.de war wichtig und erfolgreich zur Steigerung des Interesses am heimischen Sojaanbau
Mural cell-derived chemokines provide a protective niche to safeguard vascular macrophages and limit chronic inflammation
Maladaptive, non-resolving inflammation contributes to chronic inflammatory diseases such as atheroscle-rosis. Because macrophages remove necrotic cells, defective macrophage programs can promote chronic inflammation with persistent tissue injury. Here, we investigated the mechanisms sustaining vascular mac-rophages. Intravital imaging revealed a spatiotemporal macrophage niche across vascular beds alongside mural cells (MCs)-pericytes and smooth muscle cells. Single-cell transcriptomics, co-culture, and genetic deletion experiments revealed MC-derived expression of the chemokines CCL2 and MIF, which actively pre-served macrophage survival and their homeostatic functions. In atherosclerosis, this positioned macro-phages in viable plaque areas, away from the necrotic core, and maintained a homeostatic macrophage phenotype. Disruption of this MC-macrophage unit via MC-specific deletion of these chemokines triggered detrimental macrophage relocalizing, exacerbated plaque necrosis, inflammation, and atheroprogression. In line, CCL2 inhibition at advanced stages of atherosclerosis showed detrimental effects. This work presents a MC-driven safeguard toward maintaining the homeostatic vascular macrophage niche
A flavin-dependent monooxgenase confers resistance to chlorantraniliprole in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is a damaging pest of cruciferous crops, and has evolved resistance to many of the insecticides used for control, including members of the diamide class. Previous work on the molecular basis of resistance to diamides has documented mutations in the target-site, the ryanodine receptor, in resistant populations of P. xylostella worldwide. In contrast the role of metabolic resistance to this insecticide class is significantly less clear. Here we show that overexpression of a flavin-dependent monooxgenase (FMO) confers resistance to the diamide chlorantraniliprole in P. xylostella. Transcriptome profiling of diamide resistant strains, with and without target-site resistance, revealed constitutive over-expression of several transcripts encoding detoxification enzymes compared to susceptible strains. Two of these, CYP6BG1, and PxFMO2 were particularly highly overexpressed (33,000 and 14,700-fold, respectively) in a resistant strain (HAW) lacking target-site resistance. After 17 generations without diamide selection the resistance of the HAW strain fell by 52-fold and the expression of PxFMO2 by >1,300-fold, however, the expression of CYP6BG1 declined by only 3-fold. Generation of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster expressing these genes demonstrated that PxFMO2, but not CYP6BG1, confers resistance in vivo. Overexpression of PxFMO2 in the HAW strain is associated with mutations, including a putative transposable element insertion, in the promoter of this gene. These enhance the expression of a reporter gene when expressed in a lepidopteran cell line suggesting they are, at least in part, responsible for the overexpression of PxFMO2 in the resistant strain. Our results provide new evidence that insect FMOs can be recruited to provide resistance to synthetic insecticides
A Fault Model Notation and Error-Control Scheme for Switch-to-Switch Buses in a Network-on-Chip
E3 .E% 28800-52120 0 9 9999 9999 9999 9999 1K-P3%/ 5M: .T 9 9999 9999 9 7 W8& )V. 7 H -49020 22150-4899 Z [\ 7 <H:8& ^) .0 ">H 7 -46920 0 ">H 7 -46920 0 ">H 11 7 . B ZP .( 9 HI b 930 890 >H 11160-46890 999 9999 9999 9999 O 33 7 @ b ;)58& 0 11160-46890 999 9999 9999 9999 .058a/U H 7 .e 3 :8 11160-46890 999 9999 9999 9999 .03@H/SS 7 /f 7 , -42750 S 10170-42720 0 999 9999 9999 9999 <-W8: H 10170-42720 0 999 9999 9999 9999 Categories and Subject Descriptors l/B m&B n<o p?qrtsubv4wVsu rtsuxqey9zKxuxc{W|Y}c}Nseqe~j\u7f%xu5~S|-q#T&! ?3 % 3 uxqey9z 7 .(.(H.@?lB &B/o /:#|4}^xqe\u7f%ax4qey<" ~Sxt~ ~Su@`_/ ax4qey<" 29110-36550 ~j\u7f%xu5~ 7 0!g%@ 3 General Terms .0 89-32254 3 25680-354 Keywords "!#%&!(' 80-354 7 `%@ 3 %M4l 7 ./$3 :8& 1
High level Hardware/Software Communication Estimation in Shared Memory Architecture
This paper presents a method of modeling on-chip communication
behavior of a system as a set of communicating processes to find
an optimal bus width and interface buffer size for the communication
bus. An assumption for the modeling is that the system has already
been partitioned and mapped onto the appropriate components of a
SoC. We parameterize the communication behavior of a mixed Hw/Sw
system considering the amount of data to be transferred, on-chip
bus width, computation time of synthesized hardwares, bus topology
and bus protocol. With these parameters we estimate the transition
probabilities between the communicating processes and model the overall
communication behavior of a system by Markov chain. This model is used
to estimate the round trip communication delay and buffer size in the bus-interfaces for
different bus widths. From the estimated figures we
select the optimal values for those parameters that satisfy given design
constraints. The results of applying this approach to an Ogg Vorbis
decoder clearly demonstrate the utility of our techniques for modeling
communication behavior in order to estimate the bus width and buffer
requirements of a complex system