Conditions of adaptation in teaching environmental disciplines at the university

Students are a special social group united by approximately the same age and specific working and living conditions. The intensive and rather long-lasting learning process imposes strict requirements to the adaptive mechanisms of their organism. The article presents the results of a study of the pedagogical conditions for student adaptation to studying at the university. We examined 90 first-year students majoring in Pedagogy at the Faculty of Foreign Languages of Mari State University. Several groups were composed of the students who came to study from the former USSR countries. We determined a number of core indicators such as cardiac rate, the systolic and diastolic pressure value, the cardiovascular response to breath hold and psychoemotional stress. Also we studied the adaptation potential (AP) value, conducted the 'individual minute' test. We calculated some hemodynamic parameters according to the Baevsky formula. It has been established that differentiated and personality-centered education is an important factor of the effectiveness of student adaptation to the learning process. The study found that the implementation of specified conditions contributed to the effectiveness of student adaptation to the learning process at the university. A comparative analysis of the results showed that the indicators in the experimental group exceeded the similar indicators in the control group by the specified criteria

Model-Based Analysis of Changes in the Morphological Characteristics of Moscow Students for the Last Two Decades

The aim of the paper is to develop a model of changes in morphological characteristics of young males and females body structure at the beginning of the 21st century. For this purpose the results of Moscow students’ annual screenings from 2000 to 2018 were analyzed (total number of 17–18-year-olds − 6,433 individuals). As a result, five factors describing the trends of changes were revealed and further analysis demonstrated variants of their values over time. An original model was developed, which reflected real morphological transformations in the body parameters of the young generation for the last 20 years. For both sex groups a trend towards macrosomia (gr. macros − big, soma- body) was revealed. For the boys some increase in linear traits was found with a decrease in muscularity. In girls, parabolic association between athletic characteristics and the year of investigation was found: the decrease in muscularity for the first decade, and its increase for the second one

Future Teachers’ Attitude to the Security Problem and Counter Terrorism

The relevance of the theme under study is determined by the problem of ensuring stability and security of the society through young people’s attitude to terrorism. The human community must be able to protect a person’s world outlook, educational, scientific and cultural needs that determine a person’s existence and mental world. One of the key trends in the fight against extremist and terrorist acts in the social environment is their prevention. It is especially important to carry out such preventive measures among young people. The rising generation appears to be the most unprotected category of the population susceptible to the influence of xenophobia destroying traditional values of national cultures and religions which is in a peculiar kind of a spiritual and axiological vacuum. 79 students of 1-5 years of study at the age of 17 - 22 were questioned according to the test-questionnaire ‘Young people’s attitude to terrorism’. Almost all respondents (95%) confirmed that terrorism is dangerous for the society and the problem really exists. Most respondents distinguish such qualities as cruelty, mercenariness, quick temper, and instability when describing a terrorist’s portrait. When analyzing major reasons why people become terrorists, the students gave the first place to striving to feel power over people. Among other important reasons that influence a terrorist’s personality development, they stated commitment to a certain ideology and striving to achieve material wealth. We need an integral system of terrorism prevention including, among other things, its pedagogical foundations. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s7p40

Мнение неонатолога

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Возможности профилактики и восстановительного лечения последствий перинатального поражения центральной нервной системы у недоношенных детей

The socio-economic burden of the consequences of perinatal central nervous system damage in preterm infants remains an urgent healthcare issue. The review discusses the modern concepts of cerebral ischemia pathogenesis in prematures, the peculiarities of diagnosing structural brain lesions, and the ability to predict motor deficits in the future. The possibilities of assessing mental, motor development and social adaptation disorders of premature infants with consequences of perinatal pathology in the early stages of ontogenesis are described.. The modern views on rehabilitation and restorative treatment of premature infants with combined perinatal pathology are highlighted. The characteristics of non-invasive methods for early diagnosis of central nervous system pathology and therapeutic methods with the rationale for choosing preventive and curative measures and the further prediction of the disease course and outcome are given. The world experience of multidisciplinary rehabilitation of premature infants with combined perinatal pathology is highlighted.Социально-экономическое бремя последствий перинатального поражения центральной нервной системы у недоношенных детей остается актуальной проблемой здравоохранения. В обзоре обсуждаются современные представления о патогенезе церебральной ишемии у недоношенных, особенности диагностики структурных поражений головного мозга и возможности прогнозирования моторного дефицита в будущем. Описаны возможности оценки нарушения психического, моторного развития и социальной адаптации недоношенных детей с последствиями перинатальной патологии на ранних этапах онтогенеза. Освещены современные взгляды на реабилитацию и восстановительное лечение недоношенных детей с сочетанной перинатальной патологией. Даны характеристики неинвазивным методам ранней диагностики патологии центральной нервной системы, а также терапевтическим методам с обоснованием выбора профилактических и лечебных мероприятий и дальнейшим прогнозированием течения и исходов заболевания. Освещен мировой опыт организации мультидисциплинарной реабилитации недоношенных детей с сочетанной перинатальной патологией.ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Не указан.КОНФЛИКТ ИНТЕРЕСОВ Авторы статьи подтвердили отсутствие конфликта интересов, о котором необходимо сообщить.

Место современных продуктов прикорма в критическом периоде формирования здоровья ребенка

The current development of medicine and the results of recent large-scale academic research in pediatrics provide the convincing conclusions that the formation of human health begins in the antenatal period of ontogenesis and continues throughout the infancy. The ideas and subsequent academic research on the influence of nutrition during the first thousand days of life on the programming of metabolism and the development of some chronic somatic diseases such as obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease have become widespread. In addition, at the same period of life immune abnormalities with a predominance of one of the subpopulations, Th1 or Th2, can possibly form in children at risk of developing allergies when immune response is developing. The predominance of the Th2 cytokine profile (hyperproduction of interleukins 4, 5, 13, etc.) suggests the possibility of stable formation of the atopic status in a child afterwards. Consequently, the application of academic knowledge on the health status programming by nutrition during early ontogenesis is an important tool in preventive pediatric practice.Развитие современной медицины, результаты последних масштабных научных исследований в педиатрии приводят к убедительным выводам, что формирование здоровья человека начинается в антенатальном периоде онтогенеза и продолжается на протяжении раннего детского возраста. Широкое распространение получили идеи и последовавшие за ними научные исследования о влиянии питания первых тысячи дней жизни в программировании метаболизма и развитии некоторых хронических соматических болезней, таких как ожирение, гипертоническая болезнь, ишемическая болезнь сердца. Вместе с тем в этот же период жизни у детей групп риска по развитию аллергии при становлении иммунного ответа возможно программирование иммунных отклонений с преобладанием одной из субпопуляций — Th1 или Th2. Преобладание цитокинового профиля Th2 (гиперпродукция интерлейкинов 4, 5, 13 и др.) предполагает возможность стойкого формирования атопического статуса ребенка в дальнейшем. Следовательно, использование научных знаний о программировании состояния здоровья питанием в процессе раннего онтогенеза является важным инструментом в практической профилактической педиатрии.КОНФЛИКТ ИНТЕРЕСОВТ.В. Турти, Е.Г. Бокучава сотрудничают с АО «ПРОГРЕСС».И.А. Беляева сотрудничает с компанией «Пфайзер Инновации».Остальные авторы статьи подтвердили отсутствие конфликта интересов

Mechanisms of intersemiotic translation

The article presents the results of an experimental study of the perception of creolized texts (verbal texts with illustrations), which aimed to detect regular correlations of verbal categories (adjectives cold, calm, light, bright, pleasant) and certain image parameters, as well as to characterize the mechanisms of intersemiotic translation. The study was conducted using the method of semantic differential, which involved evaluating creolized texts on five-point scales. As a result, the semantics of visual characteristics was determined, and the possibilities of visual representation of verbal characteristics were identified. The mechanisms of intersemiotic translation are characterized

Conditions of adaptation in teaching environmental disciplines at the university

Students are a special social group united by approximately the same age and specific working and living conditions. The intensive and rather long-lasting learning process imposes strict requirements to the adaptive mechanisms of their organism. The article presents the results of a study of the pedagogical conditions for student adaptation to studying at the university. We examined 90 first-year students majoring in Pedagogy at the Faculty of Foreign Languages of Mari State University. Several groups were composed of the students who came to study from the former USSR countries. We determined a number of core indicators such as cardiac rate, the systolic and diastolic pressure value, the cardiovascular response to breath hold and psychoemotional stress. Also we studied the adaptation potential (AP) value, conducted the 'individual minute' test. We calculated some hemodynamic parameters according to the Baevsky formula. It has been established that differentiated and personality-centered education is an important factor of the effectiveness of student adaptation to the learning process. The study found that the implementation of specified conditions contributed to the effectiveness of student adaptation to the learning process at the university. A comparative analysis of the results showed that the indicators in the experimental group exceeded the similar indicators in the control group by the specified criteria

RESEARCH AND ACADEMIC CLUSTER AS A MODEL OF NETWORK COOPERATION

Network cooperation in education between different kinds of educational organizations, enterprises and business partners now becomes the mainstream in educational system of the Russian Federation as an optimizing form of educational process. Research and academic cluster, as a model of network cooperation, enables combining all educational resources, and all members of a cluster can use and develop them