THE ROLE OF ALIMENTARY HYPERSENSITIVITY IN EARLY FORMATION OF ATOPIC STATUS IN INFANTS

High incidence of different types of allergy in children forces us to study the atopy formation peculiarities and methods of its effective prophylaxis. The objective: to study the peculiarities of formation of alimentary allergy in infants. Methods: the study included newborns. Authors studied the family history of allergic diseases. The process of allergy development in system «mother–fetus–child» and influence of several risk factors were detected. Results: authors showed the role of hereditary factor, excessive use of food with high sensitizing potential, artificial feeding with mixtures containing cow milk proteins, and deviations in formation of normal intestinal micro biocenosis in atopy formation in children. Conclusion: authors proposed the method of revelation children with high risk of alimentary allergy. Obtained data proves the necessity of stage-by-stage combined measures for the prophylaxis of allergic pathology in ontogenesis.Key words: newborns, atopy, alimentary allergy, IgE.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2011; 10 (4): 10–15

Community-acquired pneumonia in HIV patients

The objective: To study the frequency and nature of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in HIV patients. Subjects and methods: The continuous longitudinal retrospective study of all cases of respiratory diseases among HIV patients (n = 185), who received in-patient treatment in the therapy department. Results. CAP was diagnosed in 38.4% (n = 71) of patients and it was the most frequent respiratory disease among HIV patients. The median CD4 count in CAP made 197.5 cells/μL, 9.1% of patients received antiretroviral therapy before hospital admission. 74.7% of CAP patients (n = 53) had lesions disseminated to several lobes. Laboratory parameters revealed in severe CAP (leukocytosis > 12 × 109/L, leukopenia 0.05). Bacteremia in CAP was detected in 20.8% of patients and it was associated with the failure of standard empiric antibiotic therapy (p < 0.05). 9.9% of CAP patients (n = 7) were diagnosed with polymicrobial infection. Lethal outcomes of CAP were recorded in 5.6% of cases (n = 4), all with severe immunosuppression (the median of CD4 count was 5 cells/μL), 2 cases had bilateral subtotal CAP and 2 suffered from polymicrobial infection. © 2021 New Terra Publishing House. All rights reserved

Palivizumab: Four seasons in Russia

In 2010, the Russian Federation (RF) registered palivizumab - innovative drug, based on monoclonal antibodies for passive immunization of seasonal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children of disease severe progress risk group, which include primarily premature infants, children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease. Currently, palivizumab is included in the list of recommended medicines and medical care standards of different countries, including Russia. In the review the results of Russian research on the progress of RSV infection, its epidemiology and immunization experience gained over the 2010-2014 period are summarized in relation to the foreign data. During the four epidemic seasons palivizumab immunization covered more than 3,200 children of severe RSV infection risk group with a progressive annual increase in the number of patients who received the drug. Geography of palivizumab immunization is also greatly expanded in our country during this time. If during the first two seasons measures of immunization were taken mainly in Moscow and St. Petersburg, at the present time, thirty one territorial entities of the Russian Federation have the experience in the drug application. Analysis of the results of RSV infection immunization (made in several regions) confirms the high clinical efficacy and palivizumab safety already demonstrated in international studies. In addition, the analysis presents the potential to improve the efficiency of the integrated RSV infection immunization programs, realizing in the establishment of high-risk child group register, adequate counseling for parents, as well as the development of the routing of patients and coordination of interaction between different health institutions during the immunization. © 2014, Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved

Palivizumab: Four seasons in Russia

In 2010, the Russian Federation (RF) registered palivizumab - innovative drug, based on monoclonal antibodies for passive immunization of seasonal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in children of disease severe progress risk group, which include primarily premature infants, children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease. Currently, palivizumab is included in the list of recommended medicines and medical care standards of different countries, including Russia. In the review the results of Russian research on the progress of RSV infection, its epidemiology and immunization experience gained over the 2010-2014 period are summarized in relation to the foreign data. During the four epidemic seasons palivizumab immunization covered more than 3,200 children of severe RSV infection risk group with a progressive annual increase in the number of patients who received the drug. Geography of palivizumab immunization is also greatly expanded in our country during this time. If during the first two seasons measures of immunization were taken mainly in Moscow and St. Petersburg, at the present time, thirty one territorial entities of the Russian Federation have the experience in the drug application. Analysis of the results of RSV infection immunization (made in several regions) confirms the high clinical efficacy and palivizumab safety already demonstrated in international studies. In addition, the analysis presents the potential to improve the efficiency of the integrated RSV infection immunization programs, realizing in the establishment of high-risk child group register, adequate counseling for parents, as well as the development of the routing of patients and coordination of interaction between different health institutions during the immunization. © 2014, Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved