131 research outputs found
Mixed convection in a downward flow in a vertical duct with strong transverse magnetic field
The downward flow in a vertical duct with one heated and three thermally
insulated walls is analyzed numerically using the two-dimensional approximation
valid in the asymptotic limit of an imposed strong transverse magnetic field.
The work is motivated by the design of liquid metal blankets with poloidal
ducts for future nuclear fusion reactors, in which the main component of the
magnetic field is perpendicular to the flow direction and very strong heating
is applied at the wall facing the reaction chamber. The flow is found to be
steady-state or oscillating depending on the strengths of the heating and
magnetic field. A parametric study of the instability leading to the
oscillations is performed. It is found among other results that the flow is
unstable and develops high-amplitude temperature oscillations at the conditions
typical for a fusion reactor blanket
Nonlinear simulations of magnetic Taylor-Couette flow with current-free helical magnetic fields
The magnetorotational instability (MRI) in cylindrical Taylor-Couette flow
with external helical magnetic field is simulated for infinite and finite
aspect ratios. We solve the MHD equations in their small Prandtl number limit
and confirm with time-dependent nonlinear simulations that the additional
toroidal component of the magnetic field reduces the critical Reynolds number
from (axial field only) to for liquid metals with their
small magnetic Prandtl number. Computing the saturated state we obtain velocity
amplitudes which help designing proper experimental setups. Experiments with
liquid gallium require axial field Gauss and axial current
kA for the toroidal field. It is sufficient that the vertical velocity of
the flow can be measured with a precision of 0.1mm/s.
We also show that the endplates enclosing the cylinders do not destroy the
traveling wave instability which can be observed as presented in earlier
studies. For TC containers without and with endplates the angular momentum
transport of the MRI instability is shown as to be outwards.Comment: 6 pages, 11 figure
Patterned turbulence and relaminarization in MHD pipe and duct flows
We present results of a numerical analysis of relaminarization processes in MHD duct and pipe flows. It is motivated by Julius Hartmann's classical experiments on flows of mercury in pipes and ducts under the influence of magnetic fields. The simulations, conducted both in periodic and nonâperiodic settings, provide a first detailed view of flow structures that have not been experimentally accessible. The main novelty of the analysis is very long (tens to hundreds of hydraulic diameters) computational domains that allows to discover new flow regimes with localized turbulent spots near the side walls parallel to the magnetic field. The computed critical parameters for transition as well as the friction coefficients are in good agreement with Hartmann's data. (© 2014 WileyâVCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109939/1/603_ftp.pd
Effect of wall conductivity on turbulent channel flow under spanwise magnetic field
The effect of wall conductivity on turbulence in electrically conducting fluid in the presence of a constant magnetic field is considered. A channel flow with a spanwise magnetic field is analyzed using high-resolution direct numerical simulations performed for the case of low magnetic Reynolds number. It is found that the effect of suppression of wall-normal momentum transfer and reduction of wall friction identified earlier for the flow with perfectly insulating walls is enhanced if the walls are electrically conducting. (© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/78302/1/515_ftp.pd
Subcritical instability of liquid metal channel flow in the presence of a spanwise magnetic field
The linear and nonlinear evolution of perturbations is investigated in a magnetohydrodynamic channel flow with electrically insulating walls. The applied magnetic field is parallel to the walls and orthogonal to the stream. Linear optimal perturbations and their maximum amplifications over finite time intervals are computed using a scheme based on the direct and adjoint governing equations. It is shown that dominant optimal perturbations are no more the classical streamwise modes and how the flow is two-dimenzionalized for high enough Hartmann numbers. For fixed Reynolds and Hartmann numbers, direct numerical simulations are applied to investigate how the transition to turbulence is affected by the magnetic field. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/60899/1/4140005_ftp.pd
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