Greenhouse gas emissions in The Netherlands 1990-2012; National inventory report 2014

Total greenhouse gas emissions from the Netherlands in 2012 decreased by approximately 1.7 per cent, compared with 2011 emissions. This decrease is mainly the result of decreased fuel combustion in the Energy sector (increased electricity import) and in road transport. In 2012, total direct greenhouse gas emissions (excluding emissions from LULUCF – land use, land use change and forestry) in the Netherlands amounted to 191.7 Tg CO2 eq. This is approximately 10 per cent below the emissions in the base year (213.2 Tg CO2 eq.). The 51% reduction in the non-CO2 emissions in this period is counterbalanced by 4 per cent increase in CO2 emissions since 1990.This report documents the Netherlands’ 2014 annual submission of its greenhouse gas emissions inventory in accordance with the guidelines provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and the European Union’s Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism.The report comprises explanations of observed trends in emissions; a description of an assessment of key sources and their uncertainty; documentation of methods, data sources and emission factors applied; and a description of the quality assurance system and the verification activities performed on the data.Keywords: greenhouse gases, emissions, trends, methodology, climate

Band-structure calculations of Fe1/3TaS2 and Mn1/3TaS2, and transport and magnetic properties of Fe0.28TaS2

Band-structure calculations of ferromagnetic Fe1/3TaS2 and using the augmented spherical-wave method are reported. The calculations give a spin magnetic moment of 4.35 μB per Fe for Fe1/3TaS2 and 4.18 μB per Mn for Mn1/3TaS2. The local moments at Fe and Mn induce a magnetic polarisation of the Ta 5dz2 band, which is parallel to the local moment for Fe1/3TaS2 and antiparallel for Mn1/3TaS2. Measurements of the transport properties of Fe0.28TaS2 show a large spin-disorder contribution to the resistivity and a large anomalous Hall effect. The anomalous Hall effect is analysed in terms of side jump and skew scattering contributions. The large magnetisation anisotropy indicates the presence of Fe2+, in agreement with the band-structure calculations.

Greenhouse gas emissions in The Netherlands 1990-2012; National inventory report 2014

Total greenhouse gas emissions from the Netherlands in 2012 decreased by approximately 1.7 per cent, compared with 2011 emissions. This decrease is mainly the result of decreased fuel combustion in the Energy sector (increased electricity import) and in road transport. In 2012, total direct greenhouse gas emissions (excluding emissions from LULUCF – land use, land use change and forestry) in the Netherlands amounted to 191.7 Tg CO2 eq. This is approximately 10 per cent below the emissions in the base year (213.2 Tg CO2 eq.). The 51% reduction in the non-CO2 emissions in this period is counterbalanced by 4 per cent increase in CO2 emissions since 1990.This report documents the Netherlands’ 2014 annual submission of its greenhouse gas emissions inventory in accordance with the guidelines provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and the European Union’s Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism.The report comprises explanations of observed trends in emissions; a description of an assessment of key sources and their uncertainty; documentation of methods, data sources and emission factors applied; and a description of the quality assurance system and the verification activities performed on the data.Keywords: greenhouse gases, emissions, trends, methodology, climate

Greenhouse gas emissions in The Netherlands 1990-2011. National Inventory Report 2013

Total greenhouse gas emissions from The Netherlands in 2011 decreased by approximately 7 per cent compared with 2010 emissions. This decrease is mainly the result of decreased fuel combustion in the Energy sector (less electricity production) and in the petrochemical industry. Fuel use for space heating decreased due to the mild winter compared with the very cold 2010 winter. In 2011, total direct greenhouse gas emissions (excluding emissions from LULUCF – land use, land use change and forestry) in The Netherlands amounted to 194.4 Tg CO2 eq. This is approximately 9 per cent below the emissions in the base year 2 (213.2 Tg CO2 eq). This report documents the Netherlands’ 2012 annual submission of its greenhouse gas emissions inventory in accordance with the guidelines provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and the European Union’s Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism. The report comprises explanations of observed trends in emissions; a description of an assessment of key sources and their uncertainty; documentation of methods, data sources and emission factors applied; and a description of the quality assurance system and the verification activities performed on the data. Keywords: greenhouse gases, emissions, trends, methodology, climat

Greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands 1990-2010 : national inventory report 2012

Rapportage van de jaarlijkse inventarisatie van broeikasgasemissies die het RIVM op verzoek van het ministerie van Infrastructuur en Milieu (I&M) heeft opgesteld. De inventarisatie bevat verder trendanalyses om ontwikkelingen in de uitstoot van broeikasgassen tussen 1990 en 2010 te verklaren, en een analyse van de onzekerheid in de emissiesgetallen

Greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands 1990–2015 : National Inventory Report 2017

Total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the Netherlands in 2015 increased by approximately 4%, compared with 2014 emissions. This increase was mainly the result of the increased electricity production in coal fired plants compared to 2014. Furthermore fuel combustion in all sectors was increased as the winter of 2015 was less mild as the one in 2014. In 2015, total GHG emissions (including indirect CO2 emissions and excluding emissions from Land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF)) in the Netherlands amounted to 195.2 Tg CO2 eq. This is approximately 12.5% below the emissions in the base year2 (223.1 Tg CO2 eq). CO2 emission have increased above the level in the base year 1990 in 2015 (+ 1.5%). This increase was offset by the reduction in the emissions since 1990 of methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases (CH4, N2O and F-gases). This report documents the Netherlands’ 2017 annual submission of its greenhouse gas emissions inventory in accordance with the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006) provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and the European Union’s Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism. The report includes explanations of observed trends in emissions; an assessment of the sources with the highest contribution to the national emissions (key sources) and the uncertainty in their emissions; an itemization of methods, data sources and emission factors (EFs) applied; and a description of the quality assurance system and the verification activities performed on the data

Greenhouse gas emissions in The Netherlands 1990-2011. National Inventory Report 2013

Total greenhouse gas emissions from The Netherlands in 2011 decreased by approximately 7 per cent compared with 2010 emissions. This decrease is mainly the result of decreased fuel combustion in the Energy sector (less electricity production) and in the petrochemical industry. Fuel use for space heating decreased due to the mild winter compared with the very cold 2010 winter. In 2011, total direct greenhouse gas emissions (excluding emissions from LULUCF – land use, land use change and forestry) in The Netherlands amounted to 194.4 Tg CO2 eq. This is approximately 9 per cent below the emissions in the base year 2 (213.2 Tg CO2 eq). This report documents the Netherlands’ 2012 annual submission of its greenhouse gas emissions inventory in accordance with the guidelines provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol and the European Union’s Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism. The report comprises explanations of observed trends in emissions; a description of an assessment of key sources and their uncertainty; documentation of methods, data sources and emission factors applied; and a description of the quality assurance system and the verification activities performed on the data. Keywords: greenhouse gases, emissions, trends, methodology, climat

Greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands 1990-2018 : National Inventory Report 2020

Total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the Netherlands in 2018 decreased by approximately 2.7 percent, in comparison with 2017 emissions. This decrease was mainly the result of decreased coal combustion for energy and heat production.In 2018, total GHG emissions (including indirect CO2 emissions and excluding emissions from Land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF)) in the Netherlands amounted to 188.2 Tg CO2 eq. This is approximately 15.1 percent below the emissions in the base year 1990 (221.7 Tg CO2 eq.).CO2 emissions in 2018 were 1.6 percent below the level in the base year. The total of the emissions of methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases (CH4, N2O and F-gases) was reduced by more than 50% over this period.This report documents the Netherlands’ annual submission for 2020 of its GHG emissions inventory in accordance with the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006) prescribed by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol (KP) and the European Union’s Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism.This report includes explanations of observed trends in emissions, an assessment of the sources with the highest contribution to total national emissions (key sources) and a description of the uncertainty in the emissions es timates. Estimation methods, data sources and emission factors (EFs) are described for each source category, and there is also a description of the quality assurance system and the verification activities performed on the data. The report also describes changes in methodologies since the previous submission (NIR 2019), the results of recalculations and planned improvements