Measurement induced quantum walks on an IBM Quantum Computer

We study a quantum walk of a single particle that is subject to stroboscopic projective measurements on a graph with two sites. This two-level system is the minimal model of a measurement induced quantum walk. The mean first detected transition and return time are computed on an IBM quantum computer as a function of the hopping matrix element between the sites and the on-site potential. The experimentally monitored quantum walk reveals the theoretically predicted behavior, such as the quantization of the first detected return time and the strong increase of the mean first detected transition time near degenerate points, with high accuracy

Ram pressure and dusty red galaxies - key factors in the evolution of the multiple cluster system Abell 901/902

We present spectroscopic observations of 182 disk galaxies (96 in the cluster and 86 in the field environment) in the region of the Abell 901/902 multiple cluster system, which is located at a redshift of $z\sim 0.165$. The presence of substructures and non-Gaussian redshift distributions indicate that the cluster system is dynamically young and not in a virialized state. We find evidence for two important galaxy populations. \textit{Morphologically distorted galaxies} are probably subject to increased tidal interactions. They show pronounced rotation curve asymmetries at intermediate cluster-centric radii and low rest-frame peculiar velocities. \textit{Morphologically undistorted galaxies} show the strongest rotation curve asymmetries at high rest-frame velocities and low cluster-centric radii. Supposedly, this group is strongly affected by ram-pressure stripping due to interaction with the intra-cluster medium. Among the morphologically undistorted galaxies, dusty red galaxies have particularly strong rotation curve asymmetries, suggesting ram pressure is an important factor in these galaxies. Furthermore, dusty red galaxies on average have a bulge-to-total ratio higher by a factor of two than cluster blue cloud and field galaxies. The fraction of kinematically distorted galaxies is 75% higher in the cluster than in the field environment. This difference mainly stems from morphological undistorted galaxies, indicating a cluster-specific interaction process that only affects the gas kinematics but not the stellar morphology. Also the ratio between gas and stellar scale length is reduced for cluster galaxies compared to the field sample. Both findings could be best explained by ram-pressure effects.Comment: Electronic version published in Astronomy and Astrophysics Volume 549, Page 0; 19 pages, 21 figure

Tully-Fisher analysis of the multiple cluster system Abell 901/902

We derive rotation curves from optical emission lines of 182 disk galaxies (96 in the cluster and 86 in the field) in the region of Abell 901/902 located at $z\sim 0.165$. We focus on the analysis of B-band and stellar-mass Tully-Fisher relations. We examine possible environmental dependencies and differences between normal spirals and "dusty red" galaxies, i.e. disk galaxies that have red colors due to relatively low star formation rates. We find no significant differences between the best-fit TF slope of cluster and field galaxies. At fixed slope, the field population with high-quality rotation curves (57 objects) is brighter by \Delta M_{B}=-0\fm42\pm0\fm15 than the cluster population (55 objects). We show that this slight difference is at least in part an environmental effect. The scatter of the cluster TFR increases for galaxies closer to the core region, also indicating an environmental effect. Interestingly, dusty red galaxies become fainter towards the core at given rotation velocity (i.e. total mass). This indicates that the star formation in these galaxies is in the process of being quenched. The luminosities of normal spiral galaxies are slightly higher at fixed rotation velocity for smaller cluster-centric radii. Probably these galaxies are gas-rich (compared to the dusty red population) and the onset of ram-pressure stripping increases their star-formation rates. The results from the TF analysis are consistent with and complement our previous findings. Dusty red galaxies might be an intermediate stage in the transformation of infalling field spiral galaxies into cluster S0s, and this might explain the well-known increase of the S0 fraction in galaxy clusters with cosmic time.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; 16 pages, 14 figure

Punkt- vs. Verteilungsschätzungen: Ergebnisse eines Tests zur Validierung der Delphi-Methode

Mit dem hier vorgestellten Test zur Validierung der Delphi-Methode (Expertenbefragung zur Einschätzung von Meinungen) wird das Ziel verfolgt, Erfahrungen im Umgang mit dieser Technik zu sammeln und zu verallgemeinern. Die Delphi-Methode eignet sich vor allem für Themenstellungen, die sich einer Bearbeitung durch direkte Bevölkerungsbefragungen bzw. Befragungen spezieller Subpopulationen entziehen, aber für die Abbildung von Meinungen bzw. Einstellungen aus forschungstheoretischen Erwägungen unverzichtbar ist. Der Test wurde 1994 am Institut für Medizinsoziologie an der Universität Marburg mit Studenten als Experten durchgeführt. Die Aufgabe bestand darin, einige, von einer Subpopulation erzielten Ergebnisse der Shell-Jugendstudie von 1992 zu schätzen und anschließend zu vergleichen. Das Ergebnis läßt die Schlußfolgerung zu, daß Delphi zu einem differenzierten Erkenntnisprozeß während der Aufgabenbearbeitung führt, der positiven Einfluß auf die Qualität der Ergebnisse hat. Damit wird die Aussage zur allgemein-menschlichen Fähigkeit, Meinungen zu schätzen, bestätigt. (psz

Biochip-Based Detection of KRAS Mutation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

This study is aimed at evaluating the potential of a biochip assay to sensitively detect KRAS mutation in DNA from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissue samples. The assay covers 10 mutations in codons 12 and 13 of the KRAS gene, and is based on mutant-enriched PCR followed by reverse-hybridization of biotinylated amplification products to an array of sequence-specific probes immobilized on the tip of a rectangular plastic stick (biochip). Biochip hybridization identified 17 (21%) samples to carry a KRAS mutation of which 16 (33%) were adenocarcinomas and 1 (3%) was a squamous cell carcinoma. All mutations were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Using 10 ng of starting DNA, the biochip assay demonstrated a detection limit of 1% mutant sequence in a background of wild-type DNA. Our results suggest that the biochip assay is a sensitive alternative to protocols currently in use for KRAS mutation testing on limited quantity samples

Knowledge Syntheses Search Strategy Repositories: Canadian Case Studies

Knowledge synthesis research is central to evidence-based medicine. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension (PRISMA-S) outlines full reporting of the search strategy component including uploading documentation of all search strategies into a data repository to increase accessibility, transparency, and reproducibility. In response to the PRISMA-S recommendations, Canadian universities and health care institutions have been increasingly offering local services for librarians to support depositing and sharing search strategies in a digital data repository on the Borealis platform. Borealis, the Canadian Dataverse Repository, is a bilingual, multidisciplinary, secure, Canadian research data repository which supports open discovery, management, sharing, and preservation of Canadian research data. We argue that knowledge synthesis searches are data, and therefore, deserve a place in data repositories. Three case studies of knowledge synthesis repositories from three institutions will be presented: McGill University, Université de Montréal teaching hospitals, and the Health Sciences Information Consortium (HSIC) which includes the University of Toronto and affiliated hospitals. This talk will discuss the reasons for choosing a data repository, decisions made, challenges encountered, and lessons learned

Corpora and evaluation tools for multilingual named entity grammar development

We present an effort for the development of multilingual named entity grammars in a unification-based finite-state formalism (SProUT). Following an extended version of the MUC7 standard, we have developed Named Entity Recognition grammars for German, Chinese, Japanese, French, Spanish, English, and Czech. The grammars recognize person names, organizations, geographical locations, currency, time and date expressions. Subgrammars and gazetteers are shared as much as possible for the grammars of the different languages. Multilingual corpora from the business domain are used for grammar development and evaluation. The annotation format (named entity and other linguistic information) is described. We present an evaluation tool which provides detailed statistics and diagnostics, allows for partial matching of annotations, and supports user-defined mappings between different annotation and grammar output formats