Astroprotective potential of extract from limonium gmelinii for stroke therapy

It's known that proinflammatory cytokines, such asTNF-a, produced by injured neurons and infiltrated leukocytes, involved in every aspect of stroke. Cytokines promote activation of astroglia, induce oxidative stress thereby exacerbating brain tissue damage. There is a number of data indicating that polyphenols can provide protection against neurodegenerative changes. It has been reported previously, that reach with polyphenols extract of Limonium gmelinii exerts a wide range of therapeutic actions. Here, we aimed to study antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of L. gmelinii under exposure of TNF-a in vitro

Developing Creative Potential of Future Teachers: Research and Results

AbstractThe total globalization and integration of national education into global educational space requires a higher quality of vocational training of future teachers whose competence and creative activeness significantly affects the level of intellectual potential of society. The relevance of this issue becomes more important given the tendency of decrease in students’ motivation to learn, to acquire basic academic school knowledge. This makes it necessary to find innovational approaches in educating of future teachers during the process of vocational training.One of these approaches employs a purposeful development of creative potential among future teachers through introduction of innovational interactive educative methods into the training process which would encourage maximal development of their self-actualization, self-realization and self-improvement. This article gives consideration to the main results in experimental work on purposeful maturation of preparedness of future teachers to creative pedagogical work in university

The evaluation of antibiotic consumption at the inpatient level in Kazakhstan from 2011 to 2018

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Antimicrobial agents have a rather special position due to their importance as essential medicines for the treatment of infectious diseases. Evidence-based prescriptions are needed to optimize the use of antimicrobials in humans, as well as to decrease antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to assess the inpatient consumption of antimicrobial drugs for systemic use in the period 2011–2018 in Kazakhstan. This article presents the results of an evaluation of the inpatient use of antibacterial drugs for systemic use (group J01) for the period 2011–2018 using the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification)/defined daily dose (DDD) methodology recommended by the World Health Organization. Inpatient antimicrobial utilization is expressed as DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day (DID). The results of the assessment for inpatient antibiotic use (over an eight-year period) showed a decrease in the total consumption of antibiotics for systemic action in Kazakhstan (2011: 12.72 DID; 2018: 2.74 DID). Among oral formulations, levofloxacin was consumed the most, and cefazolin was consumed the most among the parenteral formulations of antimicrobials. The three drugs consumed the most included cefazolin (first-generation cephalosporin), ceftriaxone (third-generation cephalosporin), and cefuroxime (second-generation cephalosporin). The total consumption of antibacterials for systemic action in Kazakhstan decreased during the analyzed period, but there was an irrational use of certain groups of drugs