7 research outputs found
ΠΠΠΠΠ©ΠΠΠΠ«Π ΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ€ΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ Π₯ΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ₯ Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠΠ Π₯Π ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ ΠΠ€ΠΠ β ΠΠΠ‘Π‘-Π‘ΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠ
Criteria of chemical identification used in target and non-target analysis during chromatography-mass spectrometry are reviewed. In both cases, the final criteria are comparable and have a close similarity of both chromatographic retention values (times or relative times) and mass spectra (individual ion masses, their relative peak intensities) of identified analytes and analytical standards. Similarity, usually, means maximum permissible deviations of those values from the corresponding standard values assigned to the known compounds. Identification criteria used are contained in the general guides on the chemical analysis issued by the international or national regulatory organizations. In the case of non-target identification, the analytes and the corresponding standards are unknown before the analysis. In the first stages of this kind of analysis, the candidate compounds are selected for the identification and then the candidate features are compared to those of the standard compounds with the use of the criteria suggested for the target analysis. During the selection of the candidates, one uses high resolution chromatography β tandem mass spectrometry, advanced computer methods of data processing and prediction, and performs searches in chemical data bases, collections of retention indices, and mass spectral libraries. The use of these techniques and workflows can be considered as a reliable condition of the candidatesβ selection for the identification. The progress in non-target analysis depends on technique innovations in mass spectrometry, first, by improving the accuracy and reproducibility of ion masses. The development of computer technologies is no less important, which should ensure the emergence of more complete libraries of mass spectra and more accurate methods for predicting the mass spectrometric and chromatographic data.Keywords: chemical identification, mass spectrometry, chromatography, computers, quantitative criteria of identificationΒ DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.24.3.003B.L.Milman1, I.K. Zhurkovich2Β 1 Institute of Experimental Medicine,Β ul. Akad. Pavlova 12, Saint Petersburg 197376, Russian Federation2 Institute of Toxicology,Β ul. Bekhtereva 1, Saint Petersburg 192019, Russian FederationΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ β ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°) ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²) ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ². Π‘Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΒ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΒ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π² Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±Π°Π·Π°Ρ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ
. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ β ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ), ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
. Β ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.24.3.00
Summarized criteria of chemical compounds identification by chromatography-mass spectrometry
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΅Π² Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ β ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°) ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²) ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ². Π‘Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ Π² Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π±Π°Π·Π°Ρ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ
. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡ β ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². ΠΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ (ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ), ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
.Criteria of chemical identification used in target and non-target analysis during chromatography-mass spectrometry are reviewed. In both cases, the final criteria are comparable and have a close similarity of both chromatographic retention values (times or relative times) and mass spectra (individual ion masses, their relative peak intensities) of identified analytes and analytical standards. Similarity, usually, means maximum permissible deviations of those values from the corresponding standard values assigned to the known compounds. Identification criteria used are contained in the general guides on the chemical analysis issued by the international or national regulatory organizations. In the case of non-target identification, the analytes and the corresponding standards are unknown before the analysis. In the first stages of this kind of analysis, the candidate compounds are selected for the identification and then the candidate features are compared to those of the standard compounds with the use of the criteria suggested for the target analysis. During the selection of the candidates, one uses high resolution chromatography β tandem mass spectrometry, advanced computer methods of data processing and prediction, and performs searches in chemical data bases, collections of retention indices, and mass spectral libraries. The use of these techniques and workflows can be considered as a reliable condition of the candidatesβ selection for the identification. The progress in non-target analysis depends on technique innovations in mass spectrometry, first, by improving the accuracy and reproducibility of ion masses. The development of computer technologies is no less important, which should ensure the emergence of more complete libraries of mass spectra and more accurate methods for predicting the mass spectrometric and chromatographic data
SYNTHESIS, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOME DERIVATIVES OF WARFARIN
Methods of synthesis of 7 warfarin derivatives from which three are combined has been developed. Their structural features, physicochemical properties of synthesized compounds by modern and spectral methods (IR, NMR spectroscopy) were determined. Their anticoagulant activity in vivo were studied by determining prothrombin time (PT). The most pronounced activity was possessed by substances AZ-5 (conjugate warfarin with a fragment of the substance diumancal, 41,2Β±2,3 s) and AZ-9 (diumancal, 45,18Β±4,85 s), comparable with the reference drug warfarin (37,4Β±2,8 s)