6 research outputs found

    Characteristics of malignant neoplasms of the hepatobiliary system in the cohort of occupationally-exposed workers

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    The aim of the study was to describe cases of hepatobiliary system disease in the cohort of employees hired at the main plants of FSUE Mayak Production Association (PA Β«MayakΒ») in 1948- 1982, who were exposed to occupational chronic radiationЦСль исслСдования β€” характСристика случаСв Π—ΠΠž Π³Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², нанятых Π½Π° основныС Π·Π°Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ Π€Π“Π£ΠŸ Β«ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ объСдинСниС «Маяк» (ПО «Маяк») Π² 1948–1982 Π³Π³., ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€Π³Π°Π²ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ хроничСскому ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈ

    Π”ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ заболСваСмости Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€Π³ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ

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    Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms. Main causes inducing this type of cancer are factors related to the life style and occupational exposures to chemical agents. Some studies demonstrated an association of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality with ionizing radiation. The aim of the present study was to assess the trend in colorectal cancer incidence in a cohort of nuclear workers employed at the Mayak Production Association who had been exposed to ionizing radiation over prolonged periods. The cohort comprised 22,377 workers (25% of females) employed at one of the main plants (reactors, radiochemical and plutonium production plants) of the Mayak Production Association in 1948-1982 who had been externally exposed to gamma rays (cumulative absorbed colon doses were 0–5.85 Gy with the corresponding median dose of 0.16 Gy) and those who had inhaled aerosols containing plutonium particles had been also internally exposed to alpha radiation (cumulative absorbed colon doses were 0–0.18 Gy with the corresponding median dose of 0.0002 Gy). Over the period of 1948–2018, 239 colon cancers and 186 rectum cancers were diagnosed in the study cohort. The incidence of colorectal malignancies among workers of the study cohort was shown to increase with age above 50. Age-standardized incidence rates were higher in males than in females. The time trend analysis of age-standardized rates of colorectal malignancies among workers of the study cohort was performed using a spline regression. The trend of age-standardized rates of colorectal cancer incidence in the Mayak Production Association workers over the analyzed period was nonmonotonic. In general, the average annual percent change of incidence growth for colon cancer was less than 0.1% (for both sexes), while the corresponding estimates for rectum cancer were 1.1% in males and 30.3% in females. To assess the effect of occupational radiation exposure on the incidence of colorectal malignancies, a radiogenic risk analysis that would take into account non-radiation risk factors should be performed.Π Π°ΠΊ толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π² число Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ распространСнных злокачСствСнных Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠžΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ возникновСния ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ этой Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, связанныС с ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ‚ с Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ химичСскими Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдованиях установлСно влияниС ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ излучСния Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°. ЦСлью настоящСго исслСдования являлась ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ заболСваСмости Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² прСдприятия Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ – производствСнного объСдинСния «Маяк»», ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€Π³ΡˆΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ. ΠšΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π° Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Π»Π° 22 377 Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² (25% – ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹), нанятых Π½Π° основныС Π·Π°Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ производствСнного объСдинСния «Маяк» (Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ, радиохимичСский, ΠΏΠ»ΡƒΡ‚ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ) Π² 1948–1982 Π³Π³., ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Ρ€Π³Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π²Π½Π΅ΡˆΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ (Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² стСнкС толстой кишки Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ 0–5,85 Π“Ρ€, ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π° 0,16 Π“Ρ€), Π° Π² случаС ингаляционного поступлСния соСдинСний плутония – Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ Π°Π»ΡŒΡ„Π°-ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ (Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² стСнкС толстой кишки Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ 0–0,18 Π“Ρ€, ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π½Π° 0,0002 Π“Ρ€). Π’ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 1948–2018 Π³Π³. Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ диагностировано 239 случаСв Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ кишки ΠΈ 186 случаСв Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° прямой кишки. ΠŸΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ заболСваСмости Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡŒ с возрастом ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ€ΡˆΠ΅ 50 Π»Π΅Ρ‚, стандартизованныС ΠΏΠΎ возрасту ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Анализ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄ΠΎΠ² стандартизованных ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ заболСваСмости Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ сплайн-рСгрСссии. Π”ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° стандартизованных ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ заболСваСмости Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρƒ пСрсонала производствСнного объСдинСния «Маяк» Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ носила Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€. Π’ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Π² 2014–2018 Π³Π³. срСднСгодовой Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏ прироста заболСваСмости Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ кишки составил ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 0,1% (ΠΎΠ±Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°), Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ для Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° прямой кишки Ρƒ ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ Π±Ρ‹Π» Ρ€Π°Π²Π΅Π½ 1,1%, Π° Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½ достигал 30,3%. Для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ влияния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ облучСния Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° трСбуСтся Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ риска с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ дСйствия Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²

    Incidence risk for malignant neoplasms of the pancreas in a cohort of atomic industry workers

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    Incidence of malignant neoplasms of the pancreas (PMN) has increased over recent decades. Still the evidence on ionizing radiation impact on pancreas tumorogenesis is inconsistent. The study was aimed to assess the impact of occupational radiation exposure on PMN incidence risk among staff members of an atomic industry enterprise - the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA) - taking into account non-radiation factors. The study considered the cohort of workers first employed at one of main Mayak PA facilities in 1948-1982 (with the follow-up period until 31 December 2013). Occupational radiation dose estimates were provided by Mayak Worker Dosimetry System 2008 (external gamma-doses) and Mayak Worker Dosimetry System 2013 (internal alpha-doses from incorporated plutonium). Findings of the study revealed a significant increase of the excess relative risk (ERR) of PMC incidence with increasing doses from internal alpha-particles: ERR/Gy=1.19 (95% confidence interval: 0.36 β€” 2.56). No association of prolonged total gamma-radiation exposure with PMN incidence risk was found. Similarly to the background population, the PMN incidence risk in the study cohort was dependent on sex and age of the workers as well as on smoking status and index.Π’ послСдниС дСсятилСтия Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡŽΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ рост заболСваСмости злокачСствСнными новообразованиями (Π—ΠΠž) ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ‹ (ΠŸΠ–). Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ влиянии ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ излучСния Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ этой Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹. ЦСлью настоящСго исслСдования являлось ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ влияния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ облучСния Π½Π° риск заболСваСмости Π—ΠΠž ΠŸΠ– Ρƒ пСрсонала прСдприятия Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Π€Π“Π£ΠŸ Β«ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ объСдинСниС «Маяк» (ПО «Маяк») с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ дСйствия Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ². ИсслСдованиС Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Π΅ нанятых Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ прСдприятия Π² 1948-1982 Π³Π³. (ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ наблюдСния Π΄ΠΎ 31 дСкабря 2013 Π³.). Π˜ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ облучСния, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° основании дозимСтричСских систСм «ДозимСтричСская систСма Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ПО «Маяк»-2008Β» (Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ внСшнСго Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-облучСния) ΠΈ «ДозимСтричСская систСма Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ПО «Маяк»-2013Β» (Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡŒΡ„Π°-облучСния ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΏΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ плутония). Π’ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ статистичСски Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ риска (ИОР) заболСваСмости Π—ΠΠž ΠŸΠ– с ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ‹ Π²Π½ΡƒΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡŒΡ„Π°-облучСния: ИОР/Π“Ρ€ = 1,19 (95% Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π» 0,36 - 2,56). НС выявлСно влияния ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π³ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ внСшнСго Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-облучСния Π½Π° риск заболСваСмости Π—ΠΠž ΠŸΠ–. Риск заболСваСмости Π—ΠΠž ΠŸΠ– Π² ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅ΠΉ популяции, зависСл ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΈ возраста Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², статуса ΠΈ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ индСкса курСния

    Risks of non-cancer diseases in the cohort of personnel involved in the disposal of nuclear munitions

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    The aim was to estimate the risk of non-tumor disease incidence in the cohort of workers involved in the disposal of nuclear munitions as a function of non-radiational and radiological factors.ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ – ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ риск заболСваСмости Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ заболСваниями Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² ΡƒΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ядСрных боСприпасов, Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²

    Incidence trend for colorectal cancer in the cohort of workers exposed to ionizing radiation

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    Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms. Main causes inducing this type of cancer are factors related to the life style and occupational exposures to chemical agents. Some studies demonstrated an association of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality with ionizing radiation. The aim of the present study was to assess the trend in colorectal cancer incidence in a cohort of nuclear workers employed at the Mayak Production Association who had been exposed to ionizing radiation over prolonged periods. The cohort comprised 22,377 workers (25% of females) employed at one of the main plants (reactors, radiochemical and plutonium production plants) of the Mayak Production Association in 1948-1982 who had been externally exposed to gamma rays (cumulative absorbed colon doses were 0–5.85 Gy with the corresponding median dose of 0.16 Gy) and those who had inhaled aerosols containing plutonium particles had been also internally exposed to alpha radiation (cumulative absorbed colon doses were 0–0.18 Gy with the corresponding median dose of 0.0002 Gy). Over the period of 1948–2018, 239 colon cancers and 186 rectum cancers were diagnosed in the study cohort. The incidence of colorectal malignancies among workers of the study cohort was shown to increase with age above 50. Age-standardized incidence rates were higher in males than in females. The time trend analysis of age-standardized rates of colorectal malignancies among workers of the study cohort was performed using a spline regression. The trend of age-standardized rates of colorectal cancer incidence in the Mayak Production Association workers over the analyzed period was nonmonotonic. In general, the average annual percent change of incidence growth for colon cancer was less than 0.1% (for both sexes), while the corresponding estimates for rectum cancer were 1.1% in males and 30.3% in females. To assess the effect of occupational radiation exposure on the incidence of colorectal malignancies, a radiogenic risk analysis that would take into account non-radiation risk factors should be performed
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