4 research outputs found

    Identification of Oxaphenalenone Ketals from the Ascomycete Fungus <i>Neonectria</i> sp.

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    Neonectrolides B–E (<b>4</b>–<b>7</b>), four new oxaphenalenone ketals incorporating the new furo­[2,3-<i>b</i>]­isochromeno­[3,4,5-<i>def</i>]­chromen-11­(6a<i>H</i>)-one skeleton, were isolated from the fermentation extract of the ascomycete fungus <i>Neonectria</i> sp. in an in-depth investigation guided by HPLC fingerprint and a cytotoxicity assay. The previously identified oxaphenalenone spiroketal neonectrolide A (<b>1</b>) and its putative biosynthetic precursors (<b>2</b> and <b>3</b>) were also reisolated in the current work. The structures of <b>4</b>–<b>7</b> were primarily elucidated by interpretation of NMR spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations were deduced by electronic circular dichroism calculations. Compound <b>6</b> showed cytotoxic effects against four of the six human tumor cell lines tested. Biosynthetically, compounds <b>4</b>–<b>7</b> could be derived via the Diels–Alder reaction cascades starting from derivatives of the co-isolated metabolites <b>2</b> and <b>3</b>

    Cembranoids from the Soft Coral Sinularia rigida with Antifouling Activities

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    Chemical examination of the soft coral Sinularia rigida resulted in the isolation of 12 new cembranoids, namely, sinulariols T–Z<sub>5</sub> (<b>1</b>–<b>12</b>), together with a known analogue, <b>13</b>. Their structures were determined on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) spectroscopic analyses in association with MS and IR data. Compounds <b>7</b> and <b>13</b> showed potent antifouling activity for the inhibition against the barnacle Balanus amphitrite and moderate inhibition against Bugula neritina. The primary structure–activity relationship is discussed
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