9,173 research outputs found
Nucleon Mass Splitting at Finite Isospin Chemical Potential
We investigate nucleon mass splitting at finite isospin chemical potential in
the frame of two flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. It is analytically proved
that, in the phase with explicit isospin symmetry breaking the proton mass
decreases and the neutron mass increases linearly in the isospin chemical
potential.Comment: 3 pages and no figure
Low-momentum Pion Enhancement Induced by Chiral Symmetry Restoration
The thermal and nonthermal pion production by sigma decay and its relation
with chiral symmetry restoration in a hot and dense matter are investigated.
The nonthermal decay into pions of sigma mesons which are popularly produced in
chiral symmetric phase leads to a low-momentum pion enhancement as a possible
signature of chiral phase transition at finite temperature and density.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figure
Exact Calculation of Ring Diagrams and the Off-shell Effect on the Equation of State
The partition function with ring diagrams at finite temperature is exactly
caluclated by using contour integrals in the complex energy plane. It contains
a pole part with temperature and momentum dependent mass and a phase shift part
induced by off-shell effect in hot medium. The thermodynamic potentials for
and interactions are calculated and compared with the
quasi-particle (pole) approximation. It is found that the off-shell effect on
the equation of state is remarkable.Comment: 7 pages, 11 figures, refereces added, final version to appear in PR
Non-Abelian Medium Effects in Quark-Gluon Plasma
Based on the kinetic theory, the non-Abelian medium property of hot
Quark-Gluon Plasma is investigated. The nonlinearity of the plasma comes from
two aspects: The nonlinear wave-wave interaction and self-interaction of color
field. The non-Abelian color permittivity is obtained by expanding the kinetic
equations to third order. As an application, the nonlinear Landau damping rate
and the nonlinear eigenfrequency shift are calculated in the longwave length
limit.Comment: 12 pages(Revtex), no figure
Hadronization Approach for a Quark-Gluon Plasma Formed in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
A transport model is developed to describe hadron emission from a strongly
coupled quark-gluon plasma formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions. The
quark-gluon plasma is controlled by ideal hydrodynamics, and the hadron motion
is characterized by a transport equation with loss and gain terms. The two sets
of equations are coupled to each other, and the hadronization hypersurface is
determined by both the hydrodynamic evolution and the hadron emission. The
model is applied to calculate the transverse momentum distributions of mesons
and baryons, and most of the results agree well with the experimental data at
RHIC.Comment: 16 pages, 24 figures. Version accepted by PR
Density Effect on Hadronization of a Quark Plasma
The hadronization cross section in a quark plasma at finite temperature and
density is calculated in the framework of Nambu--Jona-lasinio model with
explicit chiral symmetry breaking. In apposition to the familiar temperature
effect, the quark plasma at high density begins to hadronize suddenly. It leads
to a sudden and strong increase of final state pions in relativistic heavy ion
collisions which may be considered as a clear signature of chiral symmetry
restoration.Comment: Latex2e, 11 pages, 7 Postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
An advanced meshless method for time fractional diffusion equation
Recently, because of the new developments in sustainable engineering and renewable energy, which are usually governed by a series of fractional partial differential equations (FPDEs), the numerical modelling and simulation for fractional calculus are attracting more and more attention from researchers. The current dominant numerical method for modeling FPDE is Finite Difference Method (FDM), which is based on a pre-defined grid leading to inherited issues or shortcomings including difficulty in simulation of problems with the complex problem domain and in using irregularly distributed nodes. Because of its distinguished advantages, the meshless method has good potential in simulation of FPDEs. This paper aims to develop an implicit meshless collocation technique for FPDE. The discrete system of FPDEs is obtained by using the meshless shape functions and the meshless collocation formulation. The stability and convergence of this meshless approach are investigated theoretically and numerically. The numerical examples with regular and irregular nodal distributions are used to validate and investigate accuracy and efficiency of the newly developed meshless formulation. It is concluded that the present meshless formulation is very effective for the modeling and simulation of fractional partial differential equations
Hierarchical recurrent neural encoder for video representation with application to captioning
© 2016 IEEE. Recently, deep learning approach, especially deep Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets), have achieved overwhelming accuracy with fast processing speed for image classification. Incorporating temporal structure with deep ConvNets for video representation becomes a fundamental problem for video content analysis. In this paper, we propose a new approach, namely Hierarchical Recurrent Neural Encoder (HRNE), to exploit temporal information of videos. Compared to recent video representation inference approaches, this paper makes the following three contributions. First, our HRNE is able to efficiently exploit video temporal structure in a longer range by reducing the length of input information flow, and compositing multiple consecutive inputs at a higher level. Second, computation operations are significantly lessened while attaining more non-linearity. Third, HRNE is able to uncover temporal tran-sitions between frame chunks with different granularities, i.e. it can model the temporal transitions between frames as well as the transitions between segments. We apply the new method to video captioning where temporal information plays a crucial role. Experiments demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art on video captioning benchmarks
An Embeddable Optical Strain Gauge based on a Buckled Beam
We report, for the first time, a low cost, compact, and novel mechanically designed extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI)-based optical fiber sensor with a strain amplification mechanism for strain measurement. The fundamental design principle includes a buckled beam with a coated gold layer, mounted on two grips. A Fabry-Perot cavity is produced between the buckled beam and the endface of a single mode fiber (SMF). A ceramic ferrule is applied for supporting and orienting the SMF. The principal sensor elements are packaged and protected by two designed metal shells. The midpoint of the buckled beam will experience a deflection vertically when the beam is subjected to a horizontally/axially compressive displacement. It has been found that the vertical deflection of the beam at midpoint can be 6-17 times larger than the horizontal/axial displacement, which forms the basis of a strain amplification mechanism. The user-configurable buckling beam geometry-based strain amplification mechanism enables the strain sensor to achieve a wide range of strain measurement sensitivities. The designed EFPI was used to monitor shrinkage of a square brick of mortar. The strain was measured during the drying/curing stage. We envision that it could be a good strain sensor to be embedded in civil materials/structures under a harsh environment for a prolonged period of time
Meson Screening Mass in a Strongly Coupled Pion Superfluid
We calculate the meson screening mass in a pion superfluid in the framework
of Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. The minimum of the attractive quark potential is
always located at the phase boundary of pion superfluid. Different from the
temperature and baryon density effect, the potential at finite isospin density
can not be efficiently suppressed and the matter is always in a strongly
coupled phase due to the Goldstone mode in the pion superfluid.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures(Accepted by European Physical Journal C
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