245 research outputs found
Aspisol inhibits tumor growth and induces apoptosis in breast cancer
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, which is considered to be an important mechanism for their anti-tumor activity and cancer prevention. However, the molecular mechanisms through which these compounds induce apoptosis are not well understood. Aim: to determine the effects of nonselective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, aspisol on breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The cytotoxic activity of aspisol was evaluated by MTT assay. The apoptosis index of cells was measured by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect expressions of COX-2 and caspase-3 in MDA-MB-231 cells. The expression of bcl-2 and bax was analyzed by Western blot analysis. The content of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in MDA-MB-231 cells was estimated by ELISA. In vivo apoptosis of the tumor cells was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Results: Our results showed that aspisol reduced viability of MDA-MB-231 cells in time- and dose- dependent fashions and induced apoptosis by increase of caspase-3 and bax expressions while decrease of COX-2 and bcl-2 expression in vitro. In addition, exposure to aspisol decreased the basal release of PGE2. In vivo, aspisol also inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells and induced their apoptosis. Conclusions: Our in vitro and in vivo data indicated that the antitumor effects of aspisol on breast cancer cells was probably mediated by the induction of apoptosis, and it could be linked to the downregulation of the COX-2 or bcl-2 expression and up-regulation of caspase-3 or bax expression.ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ.
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Ρ-2 (COX-2) β Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π° β Π½Π° Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ in vitro ΠΈ in vivo. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ MDA-MB-231 ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ MTT-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°.
ΠΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² COX-2 ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-3. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ bcl-2 ΠΈ bax ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½-Π±Π»ΠΎΡ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π³Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°
E2
(PGE2
) Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
MDA-MB-231 ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ELISA. In vivo Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡ-ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Ρ (ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ TUNEL). Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ:
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ» ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π» ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ MDA-MB-231 in vitro ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π»
ΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-3 ΠΈ bax, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ COX-2 ΠΈ bcl-2. Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
in vivo Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ» ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π» ΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·.
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ in vitro ΠΈ in vivo, ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°
ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ COX-2 ΠΈ bcl-2, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-3 ΠΈ bax
Critical Currents of Ideal Quantum Hall Superfluids
Filling factor bilayer electron systems in the quantum Hall regime
have an excitonic-condensate superfluid ground state when the layer separation
is less than a critical value . On a quantum Hall plateau current
injected and removed through one of the two layers drives a dissipationless
edge current that carries parallel currents, and a dissipationless bulk
supercurrent that carries opposing currents in the two layers. In this paper we
discuss the theory of finite supercurrent bilayer states, both in the presence
and in the absence of symmetry breaking inter-layer hybridization. Solutions to
the microscopic mean-field equations exist at all condensate phase winding
rates for zero and sufficiently weak hybridization strengths. We find, however,
that collective instabilities occur when the supercurrent exceeds a critical
value determined primarily by a competition between direct and exchange
inter-layer Coulomb interactions. The critical current is estimated using a
local stability criterion and varies as when approaches
from below. For large inter-layer hybridization, we find that the
critical current is limited by a soliton instability of microscopic origin.Comment: 18 RevTeX pgs, 21 eps figure
Long-distant contribution and radiative decays to light vector meson
The discrepancy between the PQCD calculation and the CLEO data for
() stimulates our interest in
exploring extra mechanism of decay. In this work, we apply an
important non-perturbative QCD effect, i.e., hadronic loop mechanism, to study
radiative decay. Our numerical result shows that the
theoretical results including the hadronic loop contribution and the PQCD
calculation of are consistent with the corresponding
CLEO data of . We expect further experimental
measurement of at BES-III, which will be helpful to
test the hadronic loop effect on decay.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J.
Topological Superfluid in one-dimensional Ultracold Atomic System with Spin-Orbit Coupling
We propose a one-dimensional Hamiltonian which supports Majorana
fermions when -wave superfluid appears in the ultracold atomic
system and obtain the phase-separation diagrams both for the
time-reversal-invariant case and time-reversal-symmetry-breaking case. From the
phase-separation diagrams, we find that the single Majorana fermions exist in
the topological superfluid region, and we can reach this region by tuning the
chemical potential and spin-orbit coupling . Importantly, the
spin-orbit coupling has realized in ultracold atoms by the recent experimental
achievement of synthetic gauge field, therefore, our one-dimensional ultra-cold
atomic system described by is a promising platform to find the
mysterious Majorana fermions.Comment: 5 papers, 2 figure
QED3 theory of underdoped high temperature superconductors
Low-energy theory of d-wave quasiparticles coupled to fluctuating vortex
loops that describes the loss of phase coherence in a two dimensional d-wave
superconductor at T=0 is derived. The theory has the form of 2+1 dimensional
quantum electrodynamics (QED3), and is proposed as an effective description of
the T=0 superconductor-insulator transition in underdoped cuprates. The
coupling constant ("charge") in this theory is proportional to the dual order
parameter of the XY model, which is assumed to be describing the quantum
fluctuations of the phase of the superconducting order parameter. The principal
result is that the destruction of phase coherence in d-wave superconductors
typically, and immediately, leads to antiferromagnetism. The transition can be
understood in terms of the spontaneous breaking of an approximate "chiral"
SU(2) symmetry, which may be discerned at low enough energies in the standard
d-wave superconductor. The mechanism of the symmetry breaking is analogous to
the dynamical mass generation in the QED3, with the "mass" here being
proportional to staggered magnetization. Other insulating phases that break
chiral symmetry include the translationally invariant "d+ip" and "d+is"
insulators, and various one dimensional charge-density and spin-density waves.
The theory offers an explanation for the rounded d-wave-like dispersion seen in
ARPES experiments on Ca2CuO2Cl2 (F. Ronning et. al., Science 282, 2067 (1998)).Comment: Revtex, 20 pages, 5 figures; this is a much extended follow-up to the
Phys. Rev. Lett. vol.88, 047006 (2002) (cond-mat/0110188); improved
presentation, many additional explanations, comments, and references added,
sec. IV rewritten. Final version, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Geometric phase in the Kitaev honeycomb model and scaling behavior at critical points
In this paper a geometric phase of the Kitaev honeycomb model is derived and
proposed to characterize the topological quantum phase transition. The
simultaneous rotation of two spins is crucial to generate the geometric phase
for the multi-spin in a unit-cell unlike the one-spin case. It is found that
the ground-state geometric phase, which is non-analytic at the critical points,
possesses zigzagging behavior in the gapless phase of non-Abelian anyon
excitations, but is a smooth function in the gapped phase. Furthermore, the
finite-size scaling behavior of the non-analytic geometric phase along with its
first- and second-order partial derivatives in the vicinity of critical points
is shown to exhibit the universality. The divergent second-order derivative of
geometric phase in the thermodynamic limit indicates the typical second-order
phase transition and thus the topological quantum phase transition can be well
described in terms of the geometric-phase.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure
Charmless Decays Based on the six-quark Effective Hamiltonian with Strong Phase Effects II
We provide a systematic study of charmless decays (
and denote pseudoscalar and vector mesons, respectively) based on an
approximate six-quark operator effective Hamiltonian from QCD. The calculation
of the relevant hard-scattering kernels is carried out, the resulting
transition form factors are consistent with the results of QCD sum rule
calculations. By taking into account important classes of power corrections
involving "chirally-enhanced" terms and the vertex corrections as well as weak
annihilation contributions with non-trivial strong phase, we present
predictions for the branching ratios and CP asymmetries of decays into
PP, PV and VV final states, and also for the corresponding polarization
observables in VV final states. It is found that the weak annihilation
contributions with non-trivial strong phase have remarkable effects on the
observables in the color-suppressed and penguin-dominated decay modes. In
addition, we discuss the SU(3) flavor symmetry and show that the symmetry
relations are generally respected
Phenomenological Analysis of B->PP Decays with QCD Factorization
In this paper, we study nonleptonic charmless B decays to two light
pseudoscalar mesons within the frame of QCD factorization, including the
contributions from the chirally enhanced power corrections and weak
annihilation. Predictions for the CP-averaged branching ratios and CP-violating
asymmetries are given. Within the reasonable range of the parameters, we find
that our predictions for the branching ratios of B -> PP are consistent with
the present experimental data. But because of the logarithmic divergences at
the endpoints in the hard spectator scatterings and weak annihilation, there
are still large uncertainties in these predictions.Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures. to appear in PR
X(3872) and Other Possible Heavy Molecular States
We perform a systematic study of the possible molecular states composed of a
pair of heavy mesons such as , , in
the framework of the meson exchange model. The exchanged mesons include the
pseudoscalar, scalar and vector mesons. Through our investigation, we find that
(1) the structure X(3764) is not a molecular state; (2) There exists strong
attraction in the range fm for the system with .
If future experiments confirm as a loosely bound molecular state,
its quantum number is probably . Its partner state may
be searched for in the channel; (3) The vector meson exchange
provides strong attraction in the channel together with the
pion exchange. A bound state solution exists with a reasonable cutoff parameter
GeV. X(3872) may be accommodated as a molecular state
dynamically although drawing a very definite conclusion needs further
investigation; (4) The molecular state exists.Comment: 21 pages, 17 tables, 11 figures. Typos correcte
Analysis of the X(1835) and related baryonium states with Bethe-Salpeter equation
In this article, we study the mass spectrum of the baryon-antibaryon bound
states , , ,
, , ,
and with the Bethe-Salpeter
equation. The numerical results indicate that the ,
, , ,
, bound states maybe exist, and
the new resonances X(1835) and X(2370) can be tentatively identified as the
and (or ) bound states respectively
with some gluon constituents, and the new resonance X(2120) may be a
pseudoscalar glueball. On the other hand, the Regge trajectory favors
identifying the X(1835), X(2120) and X(2370) as the excited
mesons with the radial quantum numbers , 4 and 5, respectively.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, revise a numbe
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