Effect of a fixed downstream cylinder on the flow-induced vibration of an elastically supported primary cylinder

This paper numerically investigates the influence of a fixed downstream control cylinder on the flow-induced vibration of an elastically supported primary cylinder. These two cylinders are situated in a tandem arrangement with small dimensionless center-to-center spacing (L/D, L is the intermediate spacing and D is the cylinder diameter). The present two-dimensional (2D) simulations are carried out in the low Reynolds number (Re) regime. The primary focus of this study is to reveal the underlying flow physics behind the transition from vortex-induced vibration to galloping in the response of the primary cylinder due to the presence of another fixed downstream cylinder. Two distinct flow field regimes, namely, steady flow and alternate attachment regimes, are observed for different L/D and Re values. Depending on the evolution of the near-field flow structures, four different wake patterns, “2S,” “2P,” “2C,” and “aperiodic,” are observed. The corresponding vibration response of the upstream cylinder is characterized as interference galloping and extended vortex-induced vibration. As the L/D ratio increases, the lift enhancement due to flow-induced vibration is seen to be weakened. The detailed correlation between the force generation and the near-wake interactions is investigated. The present findings will augment our understanding of vibration reduction or flow-induced energy harvesting of tandem cylindrical structures

Effect of a fixed downstream cylinder on the flow-induced vibration of an elastically supported primary cylinder

This paper numerically investigates the influence of a fixed downstream control cylinder on the flow-induced vibration of an elastically supported primary cylinder. These two cylinders are situated in a tandem arrangement with small dimensionless center-to-center spacing (L/D, L is the intermediate spacing and D is the cylinder diameter). The present two-dimensional (2D) simulations are carried out in the low Reynolds number (Re) regime. The primary focus of this study is to reveal the underlying flow physics behind the transition from vortex-induced vibration to galloping in the response of the primary cylinder due to the presence of another fixed downstream cylinder. Two distinct flow field regimes, namely, steady flow and alternate attachment regimes, are observed for different L/D and Re values. Depending on the evolution of the near-field flow structures, four different wake patterns, “2S,” “2P,” “2C,” and “aperiodic,” are observed. The corresponding vibration response of the upstream cylinder is characterized as interference galloping and extended vortex-induced vibration. As the L/D ratio increases, the lift enhancement due to flow-induced vibration is seen to be weakened. The detailed correlation between the force generation and the near-wake interactions is investigated. The present findings will augment our understanding of vibration reduction or flow-induced energy harvesting of tandem cylindrical structures

７ー９世紀の山東を中心とする東アジアの文化交渉研究 [論文要旨及び審査の要旨]

関西大

Chief of Teng-chou (登州) Silla community from the call of "Ta-shih" (大使) from Ennin (円仁) Focusing on "The Record of a Pilgrimage to China in Search of the Law" (入唐求法巡礼行記)

Early in the ninth century, Shandong (山東) had established political, economic and cultural exchanges with Silla, Balhae and Japan, were realized by its maritime traffic and very important position. From the end of the seventh century at the latest, Silla formed communities on the area from the coast of the Shandong peninsula to the coastal area of Jianghuai area or South China. In this paper, we looked at the \u27Ta-shih\u27 of Shandong Teng-chou Silla community from Ennin\u27s historical record and examined the management system of Teng-chou Silla people. The characteristic of \u27Ta-shih\u27 has not been adequately studied yet. There are eight people called Ta-shih\u27 in Fujiwara no Tsunetsugu (藤原常嗣), Liu Mien (劉勉), Wang Yu-chen (王友真), Chang Pogo (張保皐), Lin (林), Chang Yong (張詠), Sol Chon (薛詮), Yu Sinon (劉慎言), etc. In Teng-chou, they are Lin and Chang Yong. In terms of the name of ennin, Zhang Yong promoted from Ya-ya (押衙) to T\u27ung-shih-chiang (同十将), at the same time \u27Ta-shih\u27 was also used. In the area under jurisdiction of the late Tang Dynasty, together with the administration of the garrison troops, Ya-ya and T\u27ung-shih-chiang have already switched from military to office. According to the era, the position of the Ya-ya has also declined, and in the latter part of the Tang Dynasty, it reached a lower level than T\u27ung-shih-chiang. From the designation of ennin\u27s "Ta-shih", the exchange of power between Lin Ta-shih and Chang Yong was also revealed.東アジアの歴史と動態 (East Asian History and Dynamics

The Dragon King Faith in Shandong : Focus of Ennin\u27s The Record of a Pilgrimage to China in Search of the Law

During the Tang dynasty, Shandong was situated in a pivotal geolocation between the region of Korean Peninsula, Balhae and Japan. According to Ennin\u27s The Record of a Pilgrimage to China in Search of the Law, some of religious facility, such as Dragon King\u27s Temple, the Dragon King\u27s palace, MingWang\u27s Temple, etc., were excited around the coast of Shandong. Which meant that, the extension of Dragon King\u27s Faith around the coast of Shandong has been recorded not later than the 9th century. On the other hand, the worship of the gods of heaven and earth, such as Sumiyoshi no Okami, Hachiman, Funadama, Dragon of the Sea, Five Dragon King, god of thunder, god of stone, the gods of the mountains and islands in Dengzhou, etc., by the Japanese missions to Tang China, was also noticed in Ennin\u27s book.中谷伸生教授古稀記念

7－9世紀の山東を中心とする東アジアの文化交渉研究 [全文の要約]

関西大

IVIG Delays Onset in a Mouse Model of Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker Disease

Our previous studies showed that intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) contained anti-Aβ autoantibodies that might be able to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, we identified and characterized naturally occurring autoantibodies against PrP from IVIG. Although autoantibodies in IVIG blocked PrP fibril formation and PrP neurotoxicity in vitro, it remained unknown whether IVIG could reduce amyloid plaque pathology in vivo and be used to effectively treat animals with prion diseases. In this study, we used Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker (GSS)-Tg (PrP-A116V) transgenic mice to test IVIG efficacy since amyloid plaque formation played an important role in GSS pathogenesis. Here, we provided strong evidence that demonstrates how IVIG could significantly delay disease onset, elongate survival, and improve clinical phenotype in Tg (PrP-A116V) mice. Additionally, in treated animals, IVIG could markedly inhibit PrP amyloid plaque formation and attenuate neuronal apoptosis at the age of 120 days in mice. Our results indicate that IVIG may be a potential, effective therapeutic treatment for GSS and other prion diseases

4-(2-Chloro­ethoxy)phthalonitrile

In the title compound, C10H7ClN2O, the O and both C atoms of the chloroethoxy group are disordered over two positions, the occupancy factor of the major disorder component refining to 0.54 (2)

Deletion of 1.8-kb mRNA of Marek's disease virus decreases its replication ability but not oncogenicity

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The 1.8-kb mRNA was reported as one of the oncogenesis-related genes of Marek's disease virus (MDV). In this study, the bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone of a MDV field strain GX0101 was used as the platform to generate mutant MDV to examine the functional roles of 1.8-kb mRNA.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Based on the BAC clone of GX0101, the 1.8-kb mRNA deletion mutant GX0101Δ(A+C) was constructed. The present experiments indicated that GX0101Δ(A+C) retained a low level of oncogenicity, and it showed a decreased replication capacity in vitro and in vivo when compared with its parent virus, GX0101. Further studies in vitro demonstrated that deletion of 1.8-kb mRNA significantly decreased the transcriptional activity of the bi-directional promoter between 1.8-kb mRNA and pp38 genes of MDV.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results suggested that the 1.8-kb mRNA did not directly influence the oncogenesis but related to the replication ability of MDV.</p