1,483 research outputs found
Certain Adenylated Non-Coding RNAs, Including 5′ Leader Sequences of Primary MicroRNA Transcripts, Accumulate in Mouse Cells following Depletion of the RNA Helicase MTR4
RNA surveillance plays an important role in posttranscriptional regulation. Seminal work in this field has largely focused on yeast as a model system, whereas exploration of RNA surveillance in mammals is only recently begun. The increased transcriptional complexity of mammalian systems provides a wider array of targets for RNA surveillance, and, while many questions remain unanswered, emerging data suggest the nuclear RNA surveillance machinery exhibits increased complexity as well. We have used a small interfering RNA in mouse N2A cells to target the homolog of a yeast protein that functions in RNA surveillance (Mtr4p). We used high-throughput sequencing of polyadenylated RNAs (PA-seq) to quantify the effects of the mMtr4 knockdown (KD) on RNA surveillance. We demonstrate that overall abundance of polyadenylated protein coding mRNAs is not affected, but several targets of RNA surveillance predicted from work in yeast accumulate as adenylated RNAs in the mMtr4KD. microRNAs are an added layer of transcriptional complexity not found in yeast. After Drosha cleavage separates the pre-miRNA from the microRNA\u27s primary transcript, the byproducts of that transcript are generally thought to be degraded. We have identified the 5′ leading segments of pri-miRNAs as novel targets of mMtr4 dependent RNA surveillance
High-Resolution Image Synthesis and Semantic Manipulation with Conditional GANs
We present a new method for synthesizing high-resolution photo-realistic
images from semantic label maps using conditional generative adversarial
networks (conditional GANs). Conditional GANs have enabled a variety of
applications, but the results are often limited to low-resolution and still far
from realistic. In this work, we generate 2048x1024 visually appealing results
with a novel adversarial loss, as well as new multi-scale generator and
discriminator architectures. Furthermore, we extend our framework to
interactive visual manipulation with two additional features. First, we
incorporate object instance segmentation information, which enables object
manipulations such as removing/adding objects and changing the object category.
Second, we propose a method to generate diverse results given the same input,
allowing users to edit the object appearance interactively. Human opinion
studies demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms existing methods,
advancing both the quality and the resolution of deep image synthesis and
editing.Comment: v2: CVPR camera ready, adding more results for edge-to-photo example
Robust Learning of Deep Time Series Anomaly Detection Models with Contaminated Training Data
Time series anomaly detection (TSAD) is an important data mining task with
numerous applications in the IoT era. In recent years, a large number of deep
neural network-based methods have been proposed, demonstrating significantly
better performance than conventional methods on addressing challenging TSAD
problems in a variety of areas. Nevertheless, these deep TSAD methods typically
rely on a clean training dataset that is not polluted by anomalies to learn the
"normal profile" of the underlying dynamics. This requirement is nontrivial
since a clean dataset can hardly be provided in practice. Moreover, without the
awareness of their robustness, blindly applying deep TSAD methods with
potentially contaminated training data can possibly incur significant
performance degradation in the detection phase. In this work, to tackle this
important challenge, we firstly investigate the robustness of commonly used
deep TSAD methods with contaminated training data which provides a guideline
for applying these methods when the provided training data are not guaranteed
to be anomaly-free. Furthermore, we propose a model-agnostic method which can
effectively improve the robustness of learning mainstream deep TSAD models with
potentially contaminated data. Experiment results show that our method can
consistently prevent or mitigate performance degradation of mainstream deep
TSAD models on widely used benchmark datasets
Incomplete Augmented Lagrangian Preconditioner for Steady Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations
An incomplete augmented Lagrangian preconditioner, for the steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations discretized by stable finite elements, is proposed. The eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrix are analyzed. Numerical experiments show that the incomplete augmented Lagrangian-based preconditioner proposed is very robust and performs quite well by the Picard linearization or the Newton linearization over a wide range of values of the viscosity on both uniform and stretched grids
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