Census of Gaseous Satellites around Local Spiral Galaxies

We present a search for gas-containing dwarf galaxies as satellite systems around nearby spiral galaxies using 21 cm neutral hydrogen (HI) data from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) Survey. We have identified 15 spiral `primary' galaxies in a local volume of 10 Mpc with a range of total masses, and have found 19 gas-containing dwarf satellite candidates within the primaries' virial volumes ($R_{200}$) and 46 candidates within $2R_{200}$. Our sensitivity using ALFALFA data converts to $M_{\rm HI} \approx 7.4 \times 10^{6}$ $M_{\odot}$ at 10 Mpc, which includes 13 of the 26 gaseous dwarf galaxies in the Local Group, and the HI properties of our sample are overall similar to these 13. We found $0-3$ gaseous satellites per host galaxy within $R_{200}$ and $0-5$ within $2R_{200}$, which agrees with the low numbers present for the Milky Way and M31. There is also agreement with the star-forming satellite numbers per host in the deep optical surveys SAGA and ELVES, and the Auriga cosmological simulations. When scaled to $R_{200}$, the optical surveys do not show a trend of increasing quenched fraction with host mass; there is a slight increase in the total number of gaseous satellites with host mass for our sample. The low numbers of gaseous/star-forming satellites around spiral hosts are consistent with the idea that a universal and effective satellite quenching mechanism, such as ram pressure stripping by the host halo, is likely at play.Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRA

When and how does ram pressure stripping in low-mass satellite galaxies enhance star formation

We investigate how a satellite's star formation rate (SFR) and surviving gas respond to ram pressure stripping in various environments. Using a suite of high-resolution "wind-tunnel" simulations with radiative cooling, star formation, and supernovae feedback, we model the first infall orbit of a low-mass disk galaxy ($M_{*} = 10^{9.7} M_{\odot}$) in different host halos, ranging from Milky Way-like to cluster hosts. When the ram pressure is moderate, we find that the stripping satellite shows an enhanced SFR relative to the isolated control case, despite gas loss due to stripping. The SFR enhancement is caused, not directly by compression, but by ram pressure-driven mass flows, which can increase the dense gas fraction in the central disk regions. The spatially-resolved star formation main sequence and Kennicutt-Schmidt relations in our simulations are consistent with recent findings of the VERTICO and GASP surveys. Our results predict the environmental signals of RPS in future multiwavelength, high-angular resolution observations: the star formation and gas surface densities will be centralized, and symmetrically enhanced within the stripping radius.Comment: submitted to ApJ, revised version after referee repor

The use of un-composted spent mushroom residue as a replacement of peat in substrates for Gossypium herbaceum and Talinum paniculatum

In order to evaluate the effect of growing media with peat and spent mushroom residue (SMR) on medicinal plants, we cultured Gossypium herbaceum and Talinum paniculatum seedlings in the substrates with SMR in proportions of 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Results showed that G. herbaceum seedlings can survive in all treatments, but T. paniculatum seedlings died out in 75% and 100% SMR substrates where higher electrical conductance was found (2.3-2.7 dS m-1). Both growth and biomass mostly declined with the increase of SMR proportion in the growing media for the two species except for root biomass in T. paniculatum seedlings between the control and the 25% SMR treatment. Shoot nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and contents tended to be higher in low- and high-SMR-proportional substrates, respectively. N and P statuses were both diagnosed to be excessive than needed for the two species. Overall, it was not recommended to culture G. herbaceum seedlings in the substrates with SMR; instead T. paniculatum seedlings can be cultured in the growing media with SMR in volumetric proportion of 25%

Liquidity spillover from carbon emission trading markets to stock markets in China

This study delves into China’s carbon emissions trading markets, investigating the interplay between carbon price liquidity and stock liquidity. Focusing on 338 companies listed in the national and eight pilot markets of the carbon emissions trading system from August 2013 to October 2023, the empirical finding reveals a positive impact of carbon price liquidity on stock liquidity. Notably, this positive association manifests more robustly in industries characterized by low carbon intensity compared to those with high carbon intensity, is more prominent during the COVID-19 period than in preceding times, and is particularly accentuated in the Hubei Province and Chongqing, as opposed to the remaining seven regions. Intriguingly, both carbon price liquidity and stock liquidity display positive autocorrelations in vector autoregression analysis. The endogeneity concern is alleviated by the two-stage least squares regressions, using lagged carbon price liquidity as instrumental variables. This study contributes to an enhanced comprehension of the dynamic interaction between carbon price liquidity and stock liquidity contextualized within China’s evolving carbon market landscape. The insights garnered herein hold substantial value for investors and government stakeholders seeking to navigate this evolving financial terrain. AcknowledgmentThis research was supported by the Summer Student Partnering with Faculty Research Program of Wenzhou-Kean University (WKUSSPF202304), the Wenzhou Association for Science and Technology – Service and Technology Innovation Program (jczc0254), and the Department of Education of Zhejiang Province – General Program (Y202353438)

The First Release of the CSTAR Point Source Catalog from Dome A, Antarctica

In 2008 January the 24th Chinese expedition team successfully deployed the Chinese Small Telescope ARray (CSTAR) to DomeA, the highest point on the Antarctic plateau. CSTAR consists of four 14.5cm optical telescopes, each with a different filter (g, r, i and open) and has a 4.5degree x 4.5degree field of view (FOV). It operates robotically as part of the Plateau Observatory, PLATO, with each telescope taking an image every 30 seconds throughout the year whenever it is dark. During 2008, CSTAR #1 performed almost flawlessly, acquiring more than 0.3 million i-band images for a total integration time of 1728 hours during 158 days of observations. For each image taken under good sky conditions, more than 10,000 sources down to 16 mag could be detected. We performed aperture photometry on all the sources in the field to create the catalog described herein. Since CSTAR has a fixed pointing centered on the South Celestial Pole (Dec =-90 degree), all the sources within the FOV of CSTAR were monitored continuously for several months. The photometric catalog can be used for studying any variability in these sources, and for the discovery of transient sources such as supernovae, gamma-ray bursts and minor planets.Comment: 1 latex file and 9 figures The paper is accepted by PAS

Effects of Caragana korshinskii tannin on fermentation, methane emission, community of methanogens, and metabolome of rumen in sheep

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of dietary supplementation of Caragana korshinskii tannin (CKT) on rumen fermentation, methane emission, methanogen community and metabolome in rumen of sheep. A total of 15 crossbred sheep of the Dumont breed with similar body conditions, were divided into three groups (n = 5), which were fed with CKT addition at 0, 2 and 4%/kg DM. The study spanned a total of 74 days, with a 14-day period dedicated to adaptation and a subsequent 60-day period for conducting treatments. The results indicated that the levels of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and acetate were reduced (p < 0.05) in rumen sheep fed with 2 and 4% CKT; The crude protein (CP) digestibility of sheep in 2 and 4% CKT groups was decreased(p < 0.05); while the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility was increased (p < 0.05) in 4% CKT group. Furthermore, the supplementation of CKT resulted in a decrease (p < 0.05) in daily CH4 emissions from sheep by reducing the richness and diversity of ruminal methanogens community, meanwhile decreasing (p < 0.05) concentrations of tyramine that contribute to methane synthesis and increasing (p < 0.05) concentrations of N-methy-L-glutamic acid that do not contribute to CH4 synthesis. However, CH4 production of DMI, OMI, NDFI and metabolic weight did not differ significantly across the various treatments. To sum up, the addition of 4% CKT appeared to be a viable approach for reducing CH4 emissions from sheep without no negative effects. These findings suggest that CKT hold promise in mitigating methane emissions of ruminant. Further investigation is required to evaluate it effectiveness in practical feeding strategies for livestock

Association of sleep duration and sleep quality with the risk of metabolic syndrome in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: The association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains controversial, and few have considered the effects of sleep quality. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify the relationship of sleep duration and sleep quality with the risk of MetS. Material and methods: We conducted a systematic and comprehensive literature search of electronic databases from inception to 17 February 2022. The effect sizes of covariates from each study were pooled using a random or fixed model, and a restricted cubic spline random-effects meta-analysis was performed to examine the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and MetS. Results: A total of 62 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared to normal sleep duration, short sleep duration [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–1.19] and long sleep duration (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.09–1.23) were associated with an increased risk of MetS. The restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that sleep durations of 8.5 h (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.97) and 11 h (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.31–1.91) were significantly associated with the risk of MetS. The pooled results showed that poor sleep quality (OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.03–2.06) and sleep complaints had significant positive associations with MetS. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that short sleep duration increased the risk of developing MetS. Long sleep duration was also associated with MetS, especially for 11 h. 8.5 h can be considered the recommended sleep duration for MetS. Poor sleep quality and sleep complaints were also associated with MetS

An anchoring array assembly method for enhancing the electrical conductivity of composites of polypropylene and hybrid fillers

Constructing an interconnected filler-filler network in a polymer matrix is essential for enhancing the electrical conductivity of polymer composites. This work describes an Anchoring Array Assembly method for distribution of copper particles (CP) and carbon fibers (CF) in a polypropylene (PP) matrix. Constrained by a predesigned array anchoring template, the CP distribution achieved a high packing density in the PP matrix during compression molding which is key for filling the gaps between CFs, as well as for forming an interconnected hybrid filler network. Using the fixed array anchoring design, the dispersion and flow behavior of the conductive fillers and the polymer matrix are critical. When the inclination angle between the groove of the anchor mold and the horizontal plane was greater than 11.5 °, the migration of CP in the molten PP when in the anchor mold during the hot embossing process is restricted. The most conductive composites were obtained when the CPs were densely arranged in a triangular format. The conductive filler network was determined by the preset dense triangular "island-bridge" structure of the customized microarray mold. The conductivity of the composites prepared by the anchoring array assembly method reached 137.70 S/m, some 52 times higher than that prepared by traditional hot embossing methods with the same filler loading