Qualitative analysis of academic group and discussion forum on Facebook

In the present study, data was triangulated and two methods of data analysis were used. Qualitative analysis was undertaken of free-text data from students’ reflective essaysto extract socially-related themes. Heuristic evaluation was conducted by expert evaluators, who investigated forum contributions and discourse in line with contemporary learning theory and considered the social\ud culture of participation. Findings of the qualitative analysis of students’ perceptions and results of the\ud heuristic evaluation of forum participation confirmed each other, indicating a warm social climate and a conducive, well-facilitated environment that supported individual styles of participation. It fostered interpersonal relationships between distance learners, as well as study-related benefits enhanced by peer teaching and insights acquired in a culture of social negotiation. The environment was effectively moderated, while supporting student-initiative.\u

Controlling Chaos in a Neural Network Based on the Phase Space Constraint

The chaotic neural network constructed with chaotic neurons exhibits very rich dynamic behaviors and has a nonperiodic associative memory. In the chaotic neural network, however, it is dicult to distinguish the stored patters from others, because the states of output of the network are in chaos. In order to apply the nonperiodic associative memory into information search and pattern identication, etc, it is necessary to control chaos in this chaotic neural network. In this paper, the phase space constraint method focused on the chaotic neural network is proposed. By analyzing the orbital of the network in phase space, we chose a part of states to be disturbed. In this way, the evolutional spaces of the strange attractors are constrained. The computer simulation proves that the chaos in the chaotic neural network can be controlled with above method and the network can converge in one of its stored patterns or their reverses which has the smallest Hamming distance with the initial state of the network. The work claries the application prospect of the associative dynamics of the chaotic neural network

A Type of Delay Feedback Control of Chaotic Dynamics in a Chaotic Neural Network

A chaotic neural network consisting of chaotic neurons exhibits such rich dynamical behaviors as nonperiodic associative memory. But it is difficult to distinguish the stored patterns from others, since the chaotic neural network shows chaotic wandering around the stored patterns. In order to apply the nonperiodic associative memory to information search or pattern identification, it is necessary to control chaotic dynamics. In this paper, we propose a delay feedback control method for the chaotic neural network. Computer simulation shows that, by means of the control method, the chaotic dynamics in the chaotic neural network are changed. The output sequence of the controlled network wanders around one stored pattern and its reverse pattern

Controlling chaos in a chaotic neural network

The chaotic neural network constructed with chaotic neuron shows the associative memory function, but its memory searching process cannot be stabilized in a stored state because of the chaotic motion of the network. In this paper, a pinning control method focused on the chaotic neural network is proposed. The computer simulation proves that the chaos in the chaotic neural network can be controlled with this method and the states of the network can converge in one of its stored patterns if the control strength and the pinning density are chosen suitable. It is found that in general the threshold of the control strength of a controlled network is smaller at higher pinned density and the chaos of the chaotic neural network can be controlled more easily if the pinning control is added to the variant neurons between the initial pattern and the target pattern

Negative electrode for lithium battery in room temperature molten salt

Abstract no. 1386published_or_final_versio

Electrodeposited tin coating as negative electrode material for lithium-ion battery in room temperature molten salt

A new room temperature molten salt (RTMS) [1-methyl-3-ethylimidazolium/AlCl3/SnCl2 (3:2:0.5)] was developed for depositing tin on a copper electrode. Different tin crystallites were deposited at different temperatures, giving widely different performances of the assembled lithium cell [Sn (Cu)/LiCl buffered MEICl-AlCl3 RTMS/lithium]. Tin film deposited at 50°C or higher gave a more desirable crystal structure and an improved performance than films obtained at lower temperatures. Both cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling show the formation of three major lithium-tin alloy phases corresponding to the phase transition of LiSn/Li7Sn3, Li13Sn5/Li7Sn2, and Li7Sn2/Li22Sn5. Increases in the charging and discharging capacities were found with the deposition of higher lithium-rich tin alloys, though at the degradation of the irreversible capacity at the first cycle. The discharging capacity decreased rapidly, producing loose, expanded, and irregular crystallites upon cycling at a high current density (cd) (1.0 mA/cm2). However, an average capacity of 140 mAh/g, coulombic efficiency around 85%, and more than 200 cycles were obtained at a low cd (0.4 mA/cm2). The improvement is attributed to the deposition of small and regular tin crystallites that allows reversible insertion and removal of lithium from a more stable crystal structure without a significant volume change during cycling.published_or_final_versio

Matter as Energy What Architects Need to Know

Current advances in technology and cyberspacecapacity coupled with emerging research in science education arecreating new opportunities to enhance architectural education inthe science and technology areas and prepare students foreffective collaboration with other stakeholders in the buildingindustry. The project described in this paper addresses the needfor the improvement of science and technology education andproposes that using advances in digital technology to engagestudents in interactive learning is a necessary step. One of themost promising and youngest applications of computertechnology has been in developing in educational games. Usingnew technologies to re-think the education of the architect in therelation to matter as energy reinforces the role of architecture inscience, technology and mathematics

A meteorological overview of the Pacific Exploratory Mission (PEM) Tropics period

NASA's Pacific Exploratory Mission-Tropics (PEM-T) experiment investigated the atmospheric chemistry of a large portion of the tropical and subtropical Pacific Basin during August to October 1996. This paper summarizes meteorological conditions over the PEM-T domain. Mean flow patterns during PEM-T are described. Important circulation systems near the surface include subtropical anticyclones, the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ), the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), and middle latitude transient cyclones. The SPCZ and ITCZ are areas of widespread ascent and deep convection; however, there is relatively little lightning in these oceanic regions. A large area of subsidence is associated with the subtropical anticyclone centered near Easter Island. PEM-T occurred during a period of near normal sea surface temperatures. When compared to an 11 year climatology (1986-1996), relatively minor circulation anomalies are observed during PEM-T. Some of these circulation anomalies are consistent with much stronger anomalies observed during previous La Nina events. In general, however, the 1996 PEM-T period appears to be climatologically representative. Meteorological conditions for specific flights from each major operations area are summarized. The vertical distribution of ozone along selected DC-8 flights is described using the DIAL remote sensing system. These ozone distributions are related to thermodynamic soundings obtained during aircraft maneuvers and to backward trajectories that arrived at locations along the flight tracks. Most locations in the deep tropics are found to have relatively small values of tropospheric ozone. Backward trajectories calculated from global gridded analyses show that much of this air originates from the east and has not passed over land within 10 days. The deep convection associated with the ITCZ and SPCZ also influences the atmospheric chemistry of these regions. Flights over portions of the subtropics and middle latitudes document layers of greatly enhanced tropospheric ozone, sometimes exceeding 80 ppbv. In situ carbon monoxide in these layers often exceeds 90 ppbv. These regions are located near, and especially south of Tahiti, Easter Island, and Fiji. The layers of enhanced ozone usually correspond to layers of dry air, associated with widespread subsiding air. The backward trajectories show that air parcels arriving in these regions originate from the west, passing over Australia and even extending back to southern Africa. These are regions of biomass burning. The in situ chemical measurements support the trajectory-derived origins of these ozone plumes. Thus the enhanced tropospheric ozone over the central Pacific Basin may be due to biomass burning many thousands of kilometers away. Middle-latitude portions of the PEM-T area are influenced by transient cyclones, and the DC-8 traversed tropopause folds during several flights. The flight area just west of Ecuador experiences outflow from South America. Thus the biomass burning that is prevalent over portions of Brazil influences this area. Copyright 1999 by the American Geophysical Union

FACTORS INFLUENCING CONSUMERS PURCHASE INTENTION THROUGHT TIKTOK OF CHANGSHA, CHINA RESIDENTS

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing Changsha residents' purchase intention through TikTok short video platform. The variables used in this research framework including trust, perceived media richness, perceived price fairness, perceived convenience, and perceived host interaction. Purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit 200 respondents in Changsha City to participate in the study. The Multiple Linear Regression analysis was implemented as the statistical analysis. The results revealed that Perceived Media Richness was the most influent factor affecting consumers' shopping through TikTok short video platform for consumers in Changsha District. As a result, it was evident that the online store owners whose marketing their products via TikTok short video platform should emphasis on perceived media richness factor to enhancing consumers’ purchase intention