Incidence and Associations of Acute Kidney Injury after General Thoracic Surgery: A System Review and Meta-Analysis

(1) Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is related to adverse outcomes in critical illness and cardiovascular surgery. In this study, a systematic literature review and meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the incidence and associations of AKI as a postoperative complication of thoracic (including lung resection and esophageal) surgical procedures. (2) Methods: Adopting a systematic strategy, the electronic reference databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) were searched for articles researching postoperative renal outcomes that were diagnosed using RIFLE, AKIN or KDIGO consensus criteria in the context of a thoracic operation. A random-effects model was applied to estimate the incidence of AKI and, where reported, the pooled relative risk of mortality and non-renal complications after AKI. The meta-analysis is registered in PROSPERO under the number CRD42021274166. (3) Results: In total, 20 studies with information gathered from 34,826 patients after thoracic surgery were covered. Comprehensively, the incidence of AKI was estimated to be 8.8% (95% CI: 6.7–10.8%). A significant difference was found in the mortality of patients with and without AKI (RR = 2.93, 95% CI: 1.79–4.79, p p = 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). (4) Conclusions: AKI is a common complication associated with adverse outcomes following general thoracic surgery. An important issue in perioperative care, AKI should be considered as a highly significant prognostic indicator and an attractive target for potential therapeutic interventions, especially in high-risk populations

Recent Advances in Progresses and Prospects of IL-37 in Central Nervous System Diseases

Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is an effective anti-inflammatory factor and acts through intracellular and extracellular pathways, inhibiting the effects of other inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1&beta;, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-&alpha; (TNF-&alpha;), thereby exerting powerful anti-inflammatory effects. In numerous recent studies, the anti-inflammatory effects of IL-37 have been described in many autoimmune diseases, colitis, and tumors. However, the current research on IL-37 in the field of the central nervous system (CNS) is not only less, but mainly for clinical research and little discussion of the mechanism. In this review, the role of IL-37 and its associated inflammatory factors in common CNS diseases are summarized, and their therapeutic potential in CNS diseases identified

Synthesis, characterization, structures and magnetic property of chiral oxalate-bridged dicopper(II) complexes

The oxalato-bridged dicopper(II) complexes [Cu-2(mu-ox)(L-RR)(2)(H2O)(2)(ClO4)(2)] (1), [Cu-2(mu-ox)(L-RR)(2)(CH3COCH3)(2)(ClO4)(2)](1a), [Cu-2(mu-ox)(L-SS)(2)(H2O)(2)(ClO4) 2] (2) and [Cu-2(mu-ox)(L-RR)(L-SS)(2)(CH3COCH3)(2)(ClO4)(2)] (3) [L-RR = (8R, 10R)-(-)-[4,5]-pineno-2,2'- bipyridine, L-SS=(8S, 10S)-(+)-[4,5]-pineno-2,2'-bipyridine; ox(2-) = oxalate] were first prepared. A possible mechanism for the formation of the chial dicopper(II) complexes was proposed. Based on elemental analysis, conductance measurement, UV-Vis spectra, CD spectra and X-ray single-crystal diffraction, the oxalato-bridged structures of 1 and 2 were deduced to adopt two Cu(II) ions and the bridged oxalate lying in the nearly same plane. The crystal structures of 1a and 3 reveal that the coordination geometry around each Cu(II) ion is an elongated and distorted octahedron and two axial solvent molecules and two perchlorate ions are anti to each other respectively in both binuclear molecules. The solution CD spectra of 1 and 2 in the visible d-d range show very weak Cotton effects with peaks at 588 and 779 nm, which are approximately of mirror image, suggesting the optical activities may be derived from the vicinal effects of the chiragenic centers at the pinene group of L-RR and L-SS, respectively. Complex 1 has been characterized by variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility and the data was least-square fitted to the Blenaey-Bowers equation. The exchange integral J was found to be. 338.41(4) cm(-1), indicating a strong antiferromagnetic interaction between two copper(II) ions.National Natural Science Foundation of China [20773098, 20973136]; Innovation Foundation of Xiamen University [XDKJCX20061027