3,395 research outputs found
The Routledge handbook of second language acquisition and technology. Ziegler, N. & GonzƔlez-Lloret, M. (Eds.) (2022). Routledge, New York and London, 409 pages, ISBN: 978-1-351-11758-6
The COVID-19 pandemic has āthrusted both teachers and learnersā (p. 16) into a new language learning environment where the relentlessly progressing technology is exerting an increasingly indispensable role, which has stimulated a reevaluation on the relationship between second language acquisition (SLA) and technology. Contributed by a pool of expertise with full scholarly apparatus, The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Technology offers enlightening insights into this reevaluation.
FUNDING INFORMATION: This review was supported by Shanghai International Studies University (grant no. 2020114210).The COVID-19 pandemic has āthrusted both teachers and learnersā (p. 16) into a new language learning environment where the relentlessly progressing technology is exerting an increasingly indispensable role, which has stimulated a reevaluation on the relationship between second language acquisition (SLA) and technology. Contributed by a pool of expertise with full scholarly apparatus, The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Technology offers enlightening insights into this reevaluation.
FUNDING INFORMATION: This review was supported by Shanghai International Studies University (grant no. 2020114210)
Semi-supervised Domain Adaptation in Graph Transfer Learning
As a specific case of graph transfer learning, unsupervised domain adaptation
on graphs aims for knowledge transfer from label-rich source graphs to
unlabeled target graphs. However, graphs with topology and attributes usually
have considerable cross-domain disparity and there are numerous real-world
scenarios where merely a subset of nodes are labeled in the source graph. This
imposes critical challenges on graph transfer learning due to serious domain
shifts and label scarcity. To address these challenges, we propose a method
named Semi-supervised Graph Domain Adaptation (SGDA). To deal with the domain
shift, we add adaptive shift parameters to each of the source nodes, which are
trained in an adversarial manner to align the cross-domain distributions of
node embedding, thus the node classifier trained on labeled source nodes can be
transferred to the target nodes. Moreover, to address the label scarcity, we
propose pseudo-labeling on unlabeled nodes, which improves classification on
the target graph via measuring the posterior influence of nodes based on their
relative position to the class centroids. Finally, extensive experiments on a
range of publicly accessible datasets validate the effectiveness of our
proposed SGDA in different experimental settings
Polytypism and Unexpected Strong Interlayer Coupling of two-Dimensional Layered ReS2
The anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) layered materials,
with both scientific interest and potential application, have one more
dimension to tune the properties than the isotropic 2D materials. The
interlayer vdW coupling determines the properties of 2D multi-layer materials
by varying stacking orders. As an important representative anisotropic 2D
materials, multilayer rhenium disulfide (ReS2) was expected to be random
stacking and lack of interlayer coupling. Here, we demonstrate two stable
stacking orders (aa and a-b) of N layer (NL, N>1) ReS2 from ultralow-frequency
and high-frequency Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and
first-principles density functional theory calculation. Two interlayer shear
modes are observed in aa-stacked NL-ReS2 while only one interlayer shear mode
appears in a-b-stacked NL-ReS2, suggesting anisotropic-like and isotropic-like
stacking orders in aa- and a-b-stacked NL-ReS2, respectively. The frequency of
the interlayer shear and breathing modes reveals unexpected strong interlayer
coupling in aa- and a-b-NL-ReS2, the force constants of which are 55-90% to
those of multilayer MoS2. The observation of strong interlayer coupling and
polytypism in multi-layer ReS2 stimulate future studies on the structure,
electronic and optical properties of other 2D anisotropic materials
Nanoscale pore and crack evolution in shear thin layers of shales and the shale gas reservoir effect
Studies on matrix-related pores from the nanometer to the micrometer scale in shales have made considerable progress in recent decades. However, nanoscale pores and cracks developed in the shear thin layers have not been systematically discussed. In this work, interlayer shear slip occurring in shales are observed through practical examples. The results show that the shear thin layer constructed by nanograin coating is widely distributed on superimposed shear slip planes. Usually, the development of the shear thin layer undergoes viscoelastic-rheological-embrittling deformation stages, and the nanograin texture assembled in the shear thin layer can demonstrate three pore and crack structure types. Based on the mechanical analysis concerning nanoscale cohesion force, it is identiļ¬ed that, as long as force remains a state, the shear thin layer must bear a nanoscale pore and crack character. Furthermore, the shale gas reservoir effect of the nanoscale pore and crack is simply discussed. Obviously, the adsorbed gas effect of the nanograin itself has a larger nanoscale size and surface functionality than those of kerogen and clay particles in the shales; three structure types of the nanoscale pore and crack can act as given controlling factors of storage and permeability for the free gas. Both the matrix-related pores and the three pore and crack structures have an intimate connection with respect to each other in the genetic mechanism and temporal-spatial evolution. This work has important theoretical implications for supplementing the pore and crack classiļ¬cation of shale. Moreover, it makes a signiļ¬cant contribution to shale gas exploration and development.Cited as: Sun, Y., Ju, Y., Zhou, W., Qiao, P., Tao, L., Xiao, L. Nanoscale pore and crack evolution in shear thin layers of shales and the shale gas reservoir effect. Advances in Geo-Energy Research, 2022, 6(3): 221-229. https://doi.org/10.46690/ager.2022.03.0
Effects of Influent Organic Loading Rates and Electrode Locations on the Electrogenesis Capacity of Constructed Wetland-Microbial Fuel Cell Systems
Three novel constructed wetland-microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs), based on electrode location, were developed for wastewater treatment and sustainable electricity production by embedding a MFC into a CW system. In the three CW-MFCs, electrodes were placed in different locations, including bottom anode-rhizosphere cathode CW-MFC (BA-RC-CW-MFC), rhizosphere anode-air cathode CW-MFC (RA-AC-CW-MFC), and bottom anode-air cathode CW-MFC (BA-AC-CW-MFC), to investigate the combined effects of organic loading rates (OLRs) and reactor configurations on the electrogenesis capacity of the hybrid system. All the systems operated continuously to treat five types of synthetic wastewater with increasing OLRs: 9.2, 18.4, 27.6, 55.2, and 92.0 g chemical oxygen demand (COD) m(-2) d(-1). The BA-RC-CW-MFC failed to produce electricity at any OLR, whereas the maximum power densities of 0.79 +/- 0.01 and 10.77 +/- 0.52 mW m(-2) were achieved in the RA-AC-CW-MFC with 18.4 g COD m(-2) d(-1) influent OLR and in the BA-AC-CW-MFC with 27.6 g COD m(-2) d(-1) influent OLR, respectively. The coulombic efficiencies of the RA-AC-CW-MFC and BA-AC-CW-MFC decreased gradually with the increase in influent OLRs. (C) 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 435-441, 2017</p
Interdisciplinary Fairness in Imbalanced Research Proposal Topic Inference: A Hierarchical Transformer-based Method with Selective Interpolation
The objective of topic inference in research proposals aims to obtain the
most suitable disciplinary division from the discipline system defined by a
funding agency. The agency will subsequently find appropriate peer review
experts from their database based on this division. Automated topic inference
can reduce human errors caused by manual topic filling, bridge the knowledge
gap between funding agencies and project applicants, and improve system
efficiency. Existing methods focus on modeling this as a hierarchical
multi-label classification problem, using generative models to iteratively
infer the most appropriate topic information. However, these methods overlook
the gap in scale between interdisciplinary research proposals and
non-interdisciplinary ones, leading to an unjust phenomenon where the automated
inference system categorizes interdisciplinary proposals as
non-interdisciplinary, causing unfairness during the expert assignment. How can
we address this data imbalance issue under a complex discipline system and
hence resolve this unfairness? In this paper, we implement a topic label
inference system based on a Transformer encoder-decoder architecture.
Furthermore, we utilize interpolation techniques to create a series of
pseudo-interdisciplinary proposals from non-interdisciplinary ones during
training based on non-parametric indicators such as cross-topic probabilities
and topic occurrence probabilities. This approach aims to reduce the bias of
the system during model training. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments on
a real-world dataset to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The
experimental results demonstrate that our training strategy can significantly
mitigate the unfairness generated in the topic inference task.Comment: 19 pages, Under review. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:2209.1391
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