180 research outputs found
Pathogenic Role of the CRL4 Ubiquitin Ligase in Human Disease
The cullin 4-RING ubiquitin ligase (CRL4) family employs multiple DDB1–CUL4 associated factors substrate receptors to direct the degradation of proteins involved in a wide spectrum of cellular functions. Aberrant expression of the cullin 4A (CUL4A) gene is found in many tumor types, while mutations of the cullin 4B (CUL4B) gene are causally associated with human X-linked mental retardation. This focused review will summarize our current knowledge of the two CUL4 family members in the pathogenesis of human malignancy and neuronal disease, and discuss their potential as new targets for cancer prevention and therapeutic intervention
Incremental Learning for Multi-organ Segmentation with Partially Labeled Datasets
There exists a large number of datasets for organ segmentation, which are
partially annotated, and sequentially constructed. A typical dataset is
constructed at a certain time by curating medical images and annotating the
organs of interest. In other words, new datasets with annotations of new organ
categories are built over time. To unleash the potential behind these partially
labeled, sequentially-constructed datasets, we propose to learn a multi-organ
segmentation model through incremental learning (IL). In each IL stage, we lose
access to the previous annotations, whose knowledge is assumingly captured by
the current model, and gain the access to a new dataset with annotations of new
organ categories, from which we learn to update the organ segmentation model to
include the new organs. We give the first attempt to conjecture that the
different distribution is the key reason for 'catastrophic forgetting' that
commonly exists in IL methods, and verify that IL has the natural adaptability
to medical image scenarios. Extensive experiments on five open-sourced datasets
are conducted to prove the effectiveness of our method and the conjecture
mentioned above
Cullin4 E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate male gonocyte migration, proliferation and blood-testis barrier homeostasis
Ubiquitination, an essential posttranslational modification, plays fundamental roles during mammalian spermatogenesis. We previously reported the requirement of two Cullin 4 ubiquitin ligase family genes, Cullin 4a
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