190 research outputs found
Penalty method with Crouzeix-Raviart approximation for the Stokes equations under slip boundary condition
The Stokes equations subject to non-homogeneous slip boundary conditions are
considered in a smooth domain . We
propose a finite element scheme based on the nonconforming P1/P0 approximation
(Crouzeix-Raviart approximation) combined with a penalty formulation and with
reduced-order numerical integration in order to address the essential boundary
condition on . Because the
original domain must be approximated by a polygonal (or polyhedral)
domain before applying the finite element method, we need to take
into account the errors owing to the discrepancy , that
is, the issues of domain perturbation. In particular, the approximation of
by makes it non-trivial whether we
have a discrete counterpart of a lifting theorem, i.e., right-continuous
inverse of the normal trace operator ; . In this paper
we indeed prove such a discrete lifting theorem, taking advantage of the
nonconforming approximation, and consequently we establish the error estimates
and for the velocity in
the - and -norms respectively, where if and
if . This improves the previous result [T. Kashiwabara et
al., Numer. Math. 134 (2016), pp. 705--740] obtained for the conforming
approximation in the sense that there appears no reciprocal of the penalty
parameter in the estimates.Comment: 21 page
A PENALTY METHOD FOR THE TIME-DEPENDENT STOKES PROBLEM WITH THE SLIP BOUNDARY CONDITION AND ITS FINITE ELEMENT APPROXIMATION (Numerical Analysis : New Developments for Elucidating Interdisciplinary Problems II)
We consider the finite element method for the time-dependent Stokes problem with the slip boundary condition in a smooth domain. To avoid a variational crime of numerical computation, a penalty method is applied, which also facilitates the numerical implementation. For the continuous problems, the convergence of the penalty method is investigated. Then, we consider the P1/P1-stabilization or P1b/P1 finite element approximations with penalty and time-discretization. For the penalty term, we propose the reduced and non-reduced integration schemes, and obtain the error estimate for velocity and pressure. The theoretical results are verified by numerical experiments
Sensor Attacks and Resilient Defense on HVAC Systems for Energy Market Signal Tracking
The power flexibility from smart buildings makes them suitable candidates for
providing grid services. The building automation system (BAS) that employs
model predictive control (MPC) for grid services relies heavily on sensor data
gathered from IoT-based HVAC systems through communication networks. However,
cyber-attacks that tamper sensor values can compromise the accuracy and
flexibility of HVAC system power adjustment. Existing studies on
grid-interactive buildings mainly focus on the efficiency and flexibility of
buildings' participation in grid operations, while the security aspect is
lacking. In this paper, we investigate the effects of cyber-attacks on HVAC
systems in grid-interactive buildings, specifically their power-tracking
performance. We design a stochastic optimization-based stealthy sensor attack
and a corresponding defense strategy using a resilient control framework. The
attack and its defense are tested in a physical model of a test building with a
single-chiller HVAC system. Simulation results demonstrate that minor
falsifications caused by a stealthy sensor attack can significantly alter the
power profile, leading to large power tracking errors. However, the resilient
control framework can reduce the power tracking error by over 70% under such
attacks without filtering out compromised data
Wetting layer evolution and its temperature dependence during self assembly of InAs/GaAs quantum dots
For InAs/GaAs(001) quantum dot (QD) system, the wetting layer (WL) evolution
and its temperature dependence were studied using reflectance difference
spectroscopy (RDS) and analyzed with a rate equation model. The WL thicknesses
showed a monotonic increase at relatively low growth temperatures but a first
increase and then decrease at higher temperatures, which were unexpected from
the thermodynamic understanding. By adopting a rate equation model, the
temperature dependence of QD growth was assigned as the origin of different WL
evolutions. A brief discussion on the indium desorption was also given. Those
results gave hints of the kinetic aspects of QD self-assembly.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
A model-data asymptotic-preserving neural network method based on micro-macro decomposition for gray radiative transfer equations
We propose a model-data asymptotic-preserving neural network(MD-APNN) method
to solve the nonlinear gray radiative transfer equations(GRTEs). The system is
challenging to be simulated with both the traditional numerical schemes and the
vanilla physics-informed neural networks(PINNs) due to the multiscale
characteristics. Under the framework of PINNs, we employ a micro-macro
decomposition technique to construct a new asymptotic-preserving(AP) loss
function, which includes the residual of the governing equations in the
micro-macro coupled form, the initial and boundary conditions with additional
diffusion limit information, the conservation laws, and a few labeled data. A
convergence analysis is performed for the proposed method, and a number of
numerical examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency of MD-APNNs, and
particularly, the importance of the AP property in the neural networks for the
diffusion dominating problems. The numerical results indicate that MD-APNNs
lead to a better performance than APNNs or pure data-driven networks in the
simulation of the nonlinear non-stationary GRTEs
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