Higher-order generalized uncertainty principle applied to gravitational baryogenesis

The gravitational baryogenesis plays an important role in the study of the baryon asymmetry. However, the original mechanism of gravitational baryogenesis in the radiation dominated era leads to the asymmetry factor $\eta$ is equal to zero, which indicates this mechanism may not generate a sufficient baryon asymmetry for the standard cosmological model. In this manuscript, we investigate the gravitational baryogenesis for the generation of baryon asymmetry in the early Universe by using an new higher-order generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). It is demonstrated that the entropy and Friedman equation of the Universe deviate from the original cases due to the effect of the higher-order GUP. Those modifications break the thermal equilibrium of the Universe and in turn produces a non-zero asymmetry factor $\eta$. In particular, our results satisfy all three Sakharov conditions, which indicates that the scheme of explaining baryon asymmetry in the framework of higher-order GUP is feasible. In addition, confronting our theoretical results with the observational results, we constraint the GUP parameter $\beta_0$, whose bound between $8.4 \times {10^{10}} \sim 1.1 \times {10^{13}}$.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur

The generalized uncertainty principle impact onto the black hole thermodynamic phase transition

In this work, we conduct a study regarding the local thermodynamic quantities and the phase transition of a black hole subject to the generalized uncertainty principle. The results demonstrate that both the positive and negative generalized uncertainty principle parameters $\beta_0$ can significantly affect the thermodynamic evolution, stability, critical behavior, and phase transition of the black hole. For $\beta_0>0$, the black hole forms a thermodynamic remnant with finite temperature and finite mass but zero local heat capacity in the last stages of evolution. Meanwhile, it has one second-order phase transitions and two Hawking-Page-type phase transitions. The Gross-Perry-Yaffe phase transition occurs for both large black hole state and small black hole state. For $\beta_0<0$, the Gross-Perry-Yaffe phase transition occurs only for large black hole state, and the temperature and heat capacity of black hole remnant is finite, whereas its mass is zero. This indicates the remnant is metastable and would be in the Hawking-Page-type phase transition forever. In addition, according to the viewpoint of corpuscular gravity, the remnant can be interpreted as an additional TBH configuration, which never appears in the original case and the positive correction case.Comment: 7 Pages, 3 figure

Direct observation of magnon-phonon coupling in yttrium iron garnet

The magnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet (YIG) with a ferrimagnetic transition temperature of $\sim$560 K has been widely used in microwave and spintronic devices. Anomalous features in the spin Seeback effect (SSE) voltages have been observed in Pt/YIG and attributed to the magnon-phonon coupling. Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to map out low-energy spin waves and acoustic phonons of YIG at 100 K as a function of increasing magnetic field. By comparing the zero and 9.1 T data, we find that instead of splitting and opening up gaps at the spin wave and acoustic phonon dispersion intersecting points, magnon-phonon coupling in YIG enhances the hybridized scattering intensity. These results are different from expectations of conventional spin-lattice coupling, calling for new paradigms to understand the scattering process of magnon-phonon interactions and the resulting magnon-polarons.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, PRB in pres

Quantum corrections to the thermodynamics and phase transition of a black hole surrounded by a cavity in the extended phase space

In the extended phase space, we investigate the rainbow gravity-corrected thermodynamic phenomena and phase structure of the Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a spherical cavity. The results show that rainbow gravity has a very significant effect on the thermodynamic phenomena and phase structure of the black hole. It prevents the black hole from total evaporation and leads to a remnant with a limited temperature but no mass. Additionally, we restore the $P-V$ criticality and obtaine the critical quantities of the canonical ensemble. When the temperature or pressure is smaller than the critical quantities, the system undergoes two Hawking-Page-like phase transitions and one first-order phase transition, which never occurs in the original case. Remarkably, our findings demonstrate that the thermodynamic behavior and phase transition of the rainbow SC black hole surrounded by a cavity in the extended phase space are analogous to those of the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m anti-de Sitter black hole. Therefore, rainbow gravity activates the effect of electric charge and cutoff factor in the evolution of the black hole.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure

Maximum likelihood estimates of two-locus recombination fractions under some natural inequality restrictions

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The goal of linkage analysis is to determine the chromosomal location of the gene(s) for a trait of interest such as a common disease. Three-locus linkage analysis is an important case of multi-locus problems. Solutions can be found analytically for the case of triple backcross mating. However, in the present study of linkage analysis and gene mapping some natural inequality restrictions on parameters have not been considered sufficiently, when the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the two-locus recombination fractions are calculated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this paper, we present a study of estimating the two-locus recombination fractions for the phase-unknown triple backcross with two offspring in each family in the framework of some natural and necessary parameter restrictions. A restricted expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, called REM is developed. We also consider some extensions in which the proposed REM can be taken as a unified method.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our simulation work suggests that the REM performs well in the estimation of recombination fractions and outperforms current method. We apply the proposed method to a published data set of mouse backcross families.</p