Corporate Governance Assessment on the Top 100 Chinese Listed Companies.

Corporate governance of listed companies has become a focus in China capital market. Corporate governance being the most important organization structure and control mechanism of modern enterprises is directly affected by its external environment and internal mechanism. In view of the external environment, legal system, market system, monitoring capability, socio-economic system, cultural environmental etc. will all affect the effectiveness of corporate governance from different aspects. The effectiveness of corporate governance is very much related to government governance or the even broader public governance. In view of a companys internal environment, corporate governance involves the balance amongst the board of directors, the management, shareholders and other stakeholders. The core objective is to solve the agency issues of the companys internal and external parties by appropriately arranged policies, so that management can endeavor for the maximization of profits for shareholders and stakeholders. Well corporate governance not only can provide effective monitoring, but can also encourage enterprises to create wealth for the society to the uttermost, and become a pattern for enterprise citizen.Corporate governance, China, firm behaviour

A load-balancing mechanism for distributed SDN control plane using response time.

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has become a popular paradigm for managing large-scale networks including cloud servers and data centers because of its advantages of centralized management and programmability. The issues of scalability and reliability that a single centralized controller suffers makes distributed controller architectures emerge. One key limitation of distributed controllers is the statically configured switch-controller mapping, easily causing uneven load distribution among controllers. Previous works have proposed load-balancing methods with switch migration to address this issue. However, the higher-load controller is always directly considered as the overloaded controller that need to shift its load to other controllers, even if it has no response time delay. The pursuit of absolute load-balancing effect can also result in frequent network delays and service interruptions. Additionally, if there are several overloaded controllers, just one controller with the maximum load can be addressed within a single load-balancing operation, reducing load-balancing efficiency. To address these problems, we propose SMCLBRT, a load-balancing strategy of multiple SDN controllers based on response time, considering the changing features of real-time response times versus controller loads. By selecting the appropriate response time threshold and dealing with multiple overloading controllers simultaneously, it can well solve load-balancing problem in SDN control plane with multiple overloaded controllers. Simulation experiments exhibit the effectiveness of our scheme.N/