Physics of neutrino flavor transformation through matter-neutrino resonances

In astrophysical environments such as core-collapse supernovae and neutron star-neutron star or neutron star-black hole mergers where dense neutrino media are present, matter-neutrino resonances (MNRs) can occur when the neutrino propagation potentials due to neutrino-electron and neutrino-neutrino forward scattering nearly cancel each other. We show that neutrino flavor transformation through MNRs can be explained by multiple adiabatic solutions similar to the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein mechanism. We find that for the normal neutrino mass hierarchy, neutrino flavor evolution through MNRs can be sensitive to the shape of neutrino spectra and the adiabaticity of the system, but such sensitivity is absent for the inverted hierarchy.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Linking neutrino oscillations to the nucleosynthesis of elements

Neutrino interactions with matter play an important role in determining the nucleosynthesis outcome in explosive astrophysical environments such as core-collapse supernovae or mergers of compact objects. In this article, we first discuss our recent work on the importance of studying the time evolution of collective neutrino oscillations among active flavors in determining their effects on nucleosynthesis. We then consider the possible active-sterile neutrino mixing and demonstrate the need of a consistent approach to evolve neutrino flavor oscillations, matter composition, and the hydrodynamics when flavor oscillations can happen very deep inside the supernovae.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, OMEG 2015 conference proceedings, to appear in EPJ WOC proceeding

Measuring the similarity of PML documents with RFID-based sensors

The Electronic Product Code (EPC) Network is an important part of the Internet of Things. The Physical Mark-Up Language (PML) is to represent and de-scribe data related to objects in EPC Network. The PML documents of each component to exchange data in EPC Network system are XML documents based on PML Core schema. For managing theses huge amount of PML documents of tags captured by Radio frequency identification (RFID) readers, it is inevitable to develop the high-performance technol-ogy, such as filtering and integrating these tag data. So in this paper, we propose an approach for meas-uring the similarity of PML documents based on Bayesian Network of several sensors. With respect to the features of PML, while measuring the similarity, we firstly reduce the redundancy data except information of EPC. On the basis of this, the Bayesian Network model derived from the structure of the PML documents being compared is constructed.Comment: International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computin

Extremely-Fast, Energy-Efficient Massive MIMO Precoding with Analog RRAM Matrix Computing

Signal processing in wireless communications, such as precoding, detection, and channel estimation, are basically about solving inverse matrix problems, which, however, are slow and inefficient in conventional digital computers, thus requiring a radical paradigm shift to achieve fast, real-time solutions. Here, for the first time, we apply the emerging analog matrix computing (AMC) to the linear precoding of massive MIMO. The real-valued AMC concept is extended to process complex-valued signals. In order to adapt the MIMO channel models to RRAM conductance mapping, a new matrix inversion circuit is developed. In addition, fully analog dataflow and optimized operational amplifiers are designed to support AMC precoding implementation. Simulation results show that the zero-forcing precoding is solved within 20 ns for a 16x128 MIMO system, which is two orders of magnitude faster than the conventional digital approach. Meanwhile, the energy efficiency is improved by 50x.Comment: Submitted to an IEEE journal for possible publicatio

Signature of Collapsars as Sources for High-energy Neutrinos and rr-process Nuclei

If collapsars are sources for both high-energy (HE) neutrinos and $r$-process nuclei, the profuse low-energy antineutrinos from $\beta$-decay of the newly-synthesized nuclei can annihilate the HE neutrinos. Considering HE neutrinos produced at internal shocks induced by intermittent mildly-magnetized jets, we show that such annihilation suppresses the overall HE neutrino spectrum at $\gtrsim 300$~TeV and produces a corresponding flavor composition of $(F_{\nu_e+\bar\nu_e}: F_{\nu_\mu+\bar\nu_\mu}: F_{\nu_\tau+\bar\nu_\tau})_\star \approx (1 : 10 : 1)$ at source. We find that the emergent HE neutrino flux can well fit the diffuse flux observed at IceCube if contributions from all similar sources are taken into account. Our results highlight the unique role of HE neutrinos in supporting collapsars as sources for $r$-process nuclei, and can be tested by accurate measurement of the diffuse HE neutrino flux spectrum and flavor composition, as well as detection of HE neutrinos from individual sources.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure