Summary for the <i>Chironomus kiiensis</i> transcriptome in phenol treated (PT) and control (CK) libraries.

<p>Summary for the <i>Chironomus kiiensis</i> transcriptome in phenol treated (PT) and control (CK) libraries.</p

Comparison of gene expression level between the two libraries.

<p>For comparing gene expression level between the two libraries, each library was normalized to 1 million tags. Red dots represent transcripts more prevalent in the phenol treatment library, green dots show those present at a lower frequency in the infected tissue and blue dots indicate transcripts that did not change significantly. The parameters “FDR<0.001” and “log2 Ratio≥1” were used as the threshold to judge the significance of gene expression difference.</p

Length distribution of non-redundant consensus sequences.

*<p>N50 = median length of all unigenes; **Mean size = average length of all unigenesGO and COG classification</p

GO annotations of non-redundant consensus sequences.

<p>Best hits were aligned to the GO database, and 6032 transcripts were assigned to at least one GO term. Most consensus sequences were grouped into three major functional categories, namely biological process, cellular component, and molecular function.</p

Genes selected for Real-time RT-PCR.

<p>Genes selected for Real-time RT-PCR.</p

Genes in pancreatic secretion pathway.

<p>Genes in pancreatic secretion pathway.</p

Primers used in Real-time RT-PCR.

<p>Primers used in Real-time RT-PCR.</p

Differentially expressed genes in phenol tissue library.

<p>The “X” axis represents fold-change of DEGs in the PT library. The “y” axis represents the number of unique tags (log 10).</p

Porous Zirconium Metal–Organic Framework Constructed from 2D → 3D Interpenetration Based on a 3,6-Connected kgd Net

A new porous zirconium metal–organic framework (Zr MOF), Zr₆(μ₃-O)₄(μ₃-OH)₄(OH)₆(H₂O)₆(BTB)₂·6DMF·H₂O (<b>1</b>; H₃BTB = 5′-(4-carboxyphenyl)­[1,1′:3′,1″-terphenyl]-4,4″-dicarboxylic acid), based on Zr₆ clusters and tricarboxylate ligands has been constructed and characterized. The Zr₆ clusters were linked by BTB ligands to generate a 2D network of kgd topology. The interpenetrations among the 2D networks gave rise to a 3D porous framework, which represents the first Zr MOF constructed from 2D → 3D interpenetration. The gas uptake and catalytic properties for <b>1</b> have also been studied

Transcriptomic Analysis of the Rice White Tip Nematode, <i>Aphelenchoides besseyi</i> (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)

<div><p>Background</p><p>The rice white tip nematode <i>Aphelenchoides besseyi</i>, a devastating nematode whose genome has not been sequenced, is distributed widely throughout almost all the rice-growing regions of the world. The aims of the present study were to define the transcriptome of <i>A. besseyi</i> and to identify parasite-related, mortality-related or host resistance-overcoming genes in this nematode.</p><p>Methodology and Principal Findings</p><p>Using Solexa/Illumina sequencing, we profiled the transcriptome of mixed-stage populations of <i>A. besseyi</i>. A total of 51,270 transcripts without gaps were produced based on high-quality clean reads. Of all the <i>A. besseyi</i> transcripts, 9,132 KEGG Orthology assignments were annotated. Carbohydrate-active enzymes of glycoside hydrolases (GHs), glycosyltransferases (GTs), carbohydrate esterases (CEs) and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) were identified. The presence of the <i>A. besseyi</i> GH45 cellulase gene was verified by <i>in situ</i> hybridization. Given that 13 unique <i>A. besseyi</i> potential effector genes were identified from 41 candidate effector homologs, further studies of these homologs are merited. Finally, comparative analyses were conducted between <i>A. besseyi</i> contigs and <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> genes to look for orthologs of RNAi phenotypes, neuropeptides and peptidases.</p><p>Conclusions and Significance</p><p>The present results provide comprehensive insight into the genetic makeup of <i>A. besseyi</i>. Many of this species' genes are parasite related, nematode mortality-related or necessary to overcome host resistance. The generated transcriptome dataset of <i>A. besseyi</i> reported here lays the foundation for further studies of the molecular mechanisms related to parasitism and facilitates the development of new control strategies for this species.</p></div