Additional file 3: Figure S3. of Thrombin-induced, TNFR-dependent miR-181c downregulation promotes MLL1 and NF-κB target gene expression in human microglia

Schematic overview of thrombin’s effects upon miR-181c and MLL1 in human microglia. Thrombin (via PAR4) induces TNF-α secretion from human microglia [21]. Thrombin-induced TNF-α (via TNFR) suppresses miR-181c levels. This suppression of the inhibitory miR-181c promotes MLL1 expression, increases NF-κB activity, and upregulates downstream NF-κB target gene expression in human microglia. (JPG 456 kb

Additional file 2: Figure S2. of Thrombin-induced, TNFR-dependent miR-181c downregulation promotes MLL1 and NF-κB target gene expression in human microglia

Thrombin’s proteolytic activity contributed to its effects upon miR-181c and MLL1 expression in human microglia. (A) Validation of the thrombin-specific proteolytic inhibitor PPACK’s inhibition of thrombin activity. Thrombin’s proteolytic activity was measured via a chromogenic assay following pre-incubation in the absence or presence of various concentrations of PPACK. Heat-inactivated (boiled) thrombin was applied as a negative control. *p < 0.05 versus control, †p < 0.05 versus boiled thrombin, ‡p < 0.05 versus thrombin. (B) Pre-incubating with PPACK significantly inhibited thrombin’s effects upon miR-181c and MLL1 expression. *p < 0.05 versus control, †p < 0.05 versus thrombin. (TIF 598 kb

One-Step Synthesis of a Bilayer MoS₂/WS₂ Lateral Heterojunction for Photoelectric Detection

Different transitional-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) can form lateral heterojunctions by epitaxial growth. TMD heterojunctions exhibit unique optical and electrical properties by seamlessly connecting atoms at the interface. Bilayer (BL) TMDs with nanoscale thicknesses have higher state density, mobility, and room temperature stability than monolayer (ML) TMDs, so they may be more suitable for optoelectronic device applications. However, the synthesis of BL lateral heterojunctions is challenging due to the uncontrolled orientation of the second layer stacking. We report a method to grow lateral heterojunctions of BL TMDs by self-assembly epitaxy. The number of nucleation layers can be controlled by the Mo/S ratio. The BL lateral heterojunctions synthesized by this method are all AB stacking, which effectively avoids the simultaneous existence of vertical and lateral heterojunctions in AA′ stacking. After the alkaline precursor solution is spun, the binding ability of WO42– or MoO42– ions to sulfur atoms is different. Sulfur atoms preferentially combine with MoO42– ions to form MoS2, resulting in a lateral heterojunction with a sharp interface. The BL lateral heterojunction has a better photoelectric detector performance than the ML. This work provides a method for the synthesis of BL lateral heterojunctions