Study on the Targeting and Practical Path of Cultivating Young Cadres in the Party in the New Era

The General Secretary has gradually formed a complete theoretical system for cultivating young cadres in the course of long-term observation and reflection, the most important of which is the goal-oriented theory that puts forward clear requirements for young cadres and the specific path and methodology formed through the efforts of party organisations and young cadres, which is a rich and comprehensive theory.The goal of cultivation is a guide for the cultivation of young cadres in the new era, pointing out the direction for the Marxist party to cultivate young cadres. The General Secretary has repeatedly mentioned the standards of good cadres, which include core standards, selection standards, competence standards and service standards. As to how to achieve the cultivation goals, the General Secretary has put forward a number of practical paths encompassing both organizational cultivation and personal struggle. These contents both reflect a lineage and realize breakthrough innovations, making great contributions to the promotion of young cadres' cultivation within the Party in the new era

Mao Zedong's Development of Socialist Democratic Politics in the Early Period of New China and Contemporary Revelations

In the new era, China's institutional system has been continuously improved, and a series of systems under which the people are masters of their own house, which is a sine qua non for the development of socialist democratic politics in China, has also been upheld and perfected. In the early days of the founding of New China, Mao Zedong, the founding leader of the People's Republic of China, made great efforts in the exploration of socialist democratic politics. At the beginning of the new China, the development of democratic politics was plagued with problems, the root of which was the inadequacy of the state system. In response to this situation, Mao Zedong made fruitful explorations of the system of people's congresses, multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of grassroots selfgovernance, laying the foundation of China's institutional system. In developing democratic politics with Chinese characteristics in the new era, it is important to learn from the experience and inspiration of Mao's series of explorations, to continuously improve and implement the relevant systems, to grasp the transformation of institutional advantages into governance effectiveness, and to adhere to the fundamental leadership of the Party

Transplantation of human villous trophoblasts preserves cardiac function in mice with acute myocardial infarction

Over the past decade, cell therapies have provided promising strategies for the treatment of ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Particularly, the beneficial effects of stem cells, including bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been demonstrated by substantial preclinical and clinical studies. Nevertheless stem cell therapy is not always safe and effective. Hence, there is an urgent need for alternative sources of cells to promote cardiac regeneration. Human villous trophoblasts (HVTs) play key roles in embryonic implantation and placentation. In this study, we show that HVTs can promote tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) on Matrigel and enhance the resistance of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) to oxidative stress in vitro. Delivery of HVTs to ischaemic area of heart preserved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Histological analysis revealed that transplantation of HVTs promoted angiogenesis in AMI mouse hearts. In addition, our data indicate that HVTs exert their therapeutic benefit through paracrine mechanisms. Meanwhile, injection of HVTs to mouse hearts did not elicit severe immune response. Taken together, our study demonstrates HVT may be used as a source for cell therapy or a tool to study cell-derived soluble factors for AMI treatment

Association of the CHRNA3 Locus with Lung Cancer Risk and Prognosis in Chinese Han Population

IntroductionRecent genome-wide association studies in Caucasians revealed association with lung cancer risk of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the locus containing two nicotine acetylcholine receptor CHRNA genes. However, the reported risk SNPs are extremely rare in Asians. This study sought to identify other variants on CHRNA3 associated with lung cancer susceptibility and to explore whether SNPs of CHRNA3 are of prognostic factors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Chinese Han population.MethodsA case-control study of 529 cases and 567 controls was performed to study the association of three SNPs (rs3743076, rs3743078, and rs3743073) in CHRNA3 with lung cancer risk in Chinese Han population using logistic regression models. The relationship between CHRNA3 polymorphisms with overall survival among 122 patients with advanced stage (stage IIIb and IV) NSCLC were evaluated using Cox multiple model based on the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer recommended tumor, node, metastasis new staging.ResultsPatients with genotypes TG or GG for the novel SNP rs3743073 in CHRNA3 gene, compared with those with TT, showed an increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted odds ratio = 1.91; 95% confidence interval, 1.38–2.63; p = 9.67 × 10−5) and worst survival (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–5.26; p = 0.04) in patients with advanced stage NSCLC based on International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer recommended tumor, node, metastasis new staging.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the rs3743073 polymorphism in CHRNA3 is predictive for lung cancer risk and prognostic in advanced stage NSCLC in Chinese Han population

Optimal selection of time functions for describing coal mining-induced dynamic subsidence at single surface point using AIC criterion

The time function method is one of the most commonly used methods for predicting surface dynamic displacements in coal mine areas. In which, the accuracy and reliability of the predicted displacements, to a large extent, depends on the selected mathematical functions for describing the “S”-typed dynamic subsidence at a single surface point (referred to as time functions). Nearly all of the existing studies primarily improve or introduce “S”-shaped growth functions with a single object to minimizing the fitting residuals between the in-situ monitored and the model-fitted subsidence. Such a strategy, however, would result in “overfitting” (or over-parameterization), thereby increasing the complexity of the constructed time function model and the difficulty of model parameter inversion. To this end, the optimal selection of time functions was analyzed in this paper using two indicators of fitting residual and model complexity, rather than the former one in existing studies. More specifically, time-series subsidence observations at 103 field points in seven coal mining areas with different geological mining conditions were selected to be observation samples for ensuring the applicability of the optimal time function. Then, 12 common “S-shaped” growth models were chosen to candidates, and the theoretical analysis and Akaike information criterion (AIC) were further used to analyze the optimal selection of time function from the chosen 12 “S”-shaped models. The results show that: ① Among the 12 selected models, the mean mis-fitting error of the five four-parameter models is about 3.51 cm, which is obviously smaller than that of the two-parameter Knothe model (14.10 cm), but just slightly smaller than the six three-parameter models (4.78 cm); ② In the view of making a trade-off between fitting residuals and model complexity (assessing by the AIC), the AICs of the six three-parameter models are smaller than those of the four-parameter and two-parameter models.This indicates that the three-parameters models are preferrable to describe the temporal evolution of subsidence at a single point, and the four-parameter and two-parameters models may be over-fitted and under-fitted, respectively; ③ Among the six selected models, the optimal selection of time function is related to the lithology of the overburden rock strata; that is, Hossfeld model, which has not been introduced into the time function method, is preferrable under soft and medium-hard overburden strata, whereas Weibull model is preferrable under hard overburden strata

High density lipoprotein promotes proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells via S1P1 receptor and Akt, ERK1/2 signal pathways

Introduction: Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) are non-hematopoietic mesenchymal stem cells that have shown great promise in their ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. Their ubiquitous nature and the ease of harvesting have attracted the attention of many researchers, and they pose as an ideal candidate for applications in regenerative medicine. Several reports have demonstrated that transplanting ADSC can promote repair of injured tissue and angiogenesis in animal models. Survival of these cells after transplant remains a key limiting factor for the success of ADSC transplantation. Circulating factors like High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) has been known to promote survival of other stems cells like bone marrow derived stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells, both by proliferation and by inhibiting cell apoptosis. The effect of HDL on transplanted adipose-derived stem cells in vivo is largely unknown. Methods: This study focused on exploring the effects of plasma HDL on ADSC and delineating the mechanisms involved in their proliferation after entering the bloodstream. Using the MTT and BrdU assays, we tested the effects of HDL on ADSC proliferation. We probed the downstream intracellular Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways and expression of cyclin proteins in ADSC using western blot. Results: Our study found that HDL promotes proliferation of ADSC, by binding to sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-1(S1P1) on the cell membrane. This interaction led to activation of intracellular Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, resulting in increased expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin E, and simultaneous reduction in expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p27, therefore promoting cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. Conclusions: These studies raise the possibility that HDL may be a physiologic regulator of stem cells and increasing HDL concentrations may be valuable strategy to promote ADSC transplantation.'973' National ST Major Project [2011CB503900]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [81270321, 81170101, 81370235]; Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China [7122106]SCI(E)[email protected]; [email protected]

Adipokines in atherosclerosis: unraveling complex roles

Adipokines are biologically active factors secreted by adipose tissue that act on local and distant tissues through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms. However, adipokines are believed to be involved in an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Classical adipokines include leptin, adiponectin, and ceramide, while newly identified adipokines include visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin, omentin, and asprosin. New evidence suggests that adipokines can play an essential role in atherosclerosis progression and regression. Here, we summarize the complex roles of various adipokines in atherosclerosis lesions. Representative protective adipokines include adiponectin and neuregulin 4; deteriorating adipokines include leptin, resistin, thrombospondin-1, and C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 5; and adipokines with dual protective and deteriorating effects include C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 1 and C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3; and adipose tissue-derived bioactive materials include sphingosine-1-phosphate, ceramide, and adipose tissue-derived exosomes. However, the role of a newly discovered adipokine, asprosin, in atherosclerosis remains unclear. This article reviews progress in the research on the effects of adipokines in atherosclerosis and how they may be regulated to halt its progression

Intervention-induced enhancement in intrinsic brain activity in healthy older adults

This study examined the effects of a multimodal intervention on spontaneous brain activity in healthy older adults. Seventeen older adults received a six-week intervention that consisted of cognitive training, Tai Chi exercise, and group counseling, while 17 older adults in a control group attended health knowledge lectures. The intervention group demonstrated enhanced memory and social support compared to the control group. The amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in the middle frontal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, and anterior cerebellum lobe was enhanced for the intervention group, while the control group showed reduced ALFF in these three regions. Moreover, changes in trail-making performance and well-being could be predicted by the intervention-induced changes in ALFF. Additionally, individual differences in the baseline ALFF were correlated with intervention-related changes in behavioral performance. These findings suggest that a multimodal intervention is effective in improving cognitive functions and well-being and can induce functional changes in the aging brain. The study extended previous training studies by suggesting resting-state ALFF as a marker of intervention-induced plasticity in older adults

Mechanism of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum regulating Ca2+ affecting the replication of PEDV in small intestinal epithelial cells

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) mainly invades the small intestine and promotes an inflammatory response, eventually leading to severe diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and even death of piglets, which seriously threatens the economic development of pig farming. In recent years, researchers have found that probiotics can improve the intestinal microenvironment and reduce diarrhea. At the same time, certain probiotics have been shown to have antiviral effects; however, their mechanisms are different. Herein, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum supernatant (LP-1S) on PEDV and its mechanism. We used IPEC-J2 cells as a model to assess the inhibitory effect of LP-1S on PEDV and to further investigate the relationship between LP-1S, Ca2+, and PEDV. The results showed that a divalent cation chelating agent (EGTA) and calcium channel inhibitors (Bepridil hydrochloride and BAPTA-acetoxymethylate) could inhibit PEDV proliferation while effectively reducing the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Furthermore, LP-1S could reduce PEDV-induced loss of calcium channel proteins (TRPV6 and PMCA1b), alleviate intracellular Ca2+ accumulation caused by PEDV infection, and promote the balance of intra- and extracellular Ca2+ concentrations, thereby inhibiting PEDV proliferation. In summary, we found that LP-1S has potential therapeutic value against PEDV, which is realized by modulating Ca2+. This provides a potential new drug to treat PEDV infection