Designing computer-based rewards with and for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Intellectual Disability Computers in Human Behavior

<p>The acupuncture induced increased functional connectivity for the AD patients (t = 1.61, p = 0.056). There was no significant difference for healthy controls (t = 0.403,p = 0.345).</p

In extreme conditions, stay in the zone

<p>The left thalamus, MFG and insula showed increased connectivity to right hippocampus in controls after acupuncture. Left in picture is left in the brain. The color scale represents t values.</p

Table_1_The value of multiparametric MRI radiomics in predicting IDH genotype in glioma before surgery.docx

ObjectiveTo explore the value of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) radiomics in the preoperative prediction of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genotype for gliomasMethodsThe preoperative routine MRI sequences of 114 patients with pathologically confirmed grade II-IV gliomas were retrospectively analysed. All patients were randomly divided into training cohort(n=79) and validation cohort(n=35) in the ratio of 7:3. After feature extraction, we eliminated covariance by calculating the linear correlation coefficients between features, and then identified the best features using the F-test. The Logistic regression was used to build the radiomics model and the clinical model, and to build the combined model. Assessment of these models by subject operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity.ResultsThe multiparametric radiomics model was built by eight selected radiomics features and yielded AUC values of 0.974 and 0.872 in the training and validation cohorts, which outperformed the conventional models. After incorporating the clinical model, the combined model outperformed the radiomics model, with AUCs of 0.963 and 0.892 for the training and validation cohorts.ConclusionRadiomic models based on multiparametric MRI sequences could help to predict glioma IDH genotype before surgery.</p

Between group differences of causal connectivity: NC>aMCI.

<p>The arrow of the significant causal paths represents the direction of the information flow, and the thickness represents the strength of the causal connectivity.</p

The Talairach coordinates of the selected ROIs in DMN, HCMN, DAN and FPCN. The abbreviations are as described in the main text.

<p>The Talairach coordinates of the selected ROIs in DMN, HCMN, DAN and FPCN. The abbreviations are as described in the main text.</p

Pathways (Blue = NC>aMCI; Red = aMCI>NC) showed significant correlation between causal connectivity and neuropsychological measures (including MMSE and CVLT) in aMCI group, and scatter plots of these associations.

<p>Pathways (Blue = NC>aMCI; Red = aMCI>NC) showed significant correlation between causal connectivity and neuropsychological measures (including MMSE and CVLT) in aMCI group, and scatter plots of these associations.</p

The spatial distributions of 33 ROIs from DMN, HCMN, DAN and FPCN.

<p>The coordinates of ROIs are shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0088476#pone-0088476-t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>. The abbreviations are as described in the main text.</p

DTI and volumetric differences among AD, MCI and CN.

<p><b>A:</b> Voxel-based analysis showed significant difference of FA between AD and CN in the genu of the corpus callosum (family-wise error corrected, <i>p</i> < 0.05, extent threshold = 10). <b>B-F:</b> Group comparisons revealed the patterns of diffusion parameters and volume changes in the genu of the corpus callosum (FA: AD < MCI < CN; MD: AD > CN / MCI; λ_┴: AD > CN / MCI; λ_‖: no difference; Volume: AD < CN/MCI). * represents statistical differences between groups (*, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.05; ***, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.001)</p

Foley Catheter for Induction of Labor at Term: An Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial

<div><p>Objective</p><p>This study aimed to determine the optimal Foley catheter balloon volume (30-mL vs. 80-mL) and the maximum time for cervical ripening (12 hours vs. 24 hours) to improve vaginal delivery rate within 24 hours of induction.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We conducted an open-label, randomized controlled trial in a teaching hospital in China. Women with a term singleton pregnancy, cephalic presentation, intact membrane and an unfavorable cervix (Bishop score <6) were randomly allocated, in 1:1:1:1 ratio, to receive either one of the four treatments: (1) 30-mL balloon for a maximum of 12 hours, (2) 30-mL balloon for a maximum of 24 hours, (3) 80-mL balloon for a maximum of 12 hours, and (4) 80-mL balloon for a maximum of 24 hours. The primary outcome was vaginal delivery within 24 hours. Secondary outcomes included cesarean section rate and maternal/neonatal morbidity. Data were analyzed on a per-protocol basis.</p><p>Results</p><p>Five hundred and four women were recruited and randomized (126 women in each group); nine women did not receive the assigned intervention. More women achieved vaginal delivery within 24 hours in 12-hour Foley catheter groups than in the 24-hour Foley catheter groups (30-mL/12 hours: 54.5%, 30-mL/24 hours: 33.1%, 80-mL/12 hours: 46.4%, 80-mL/24 hours: 24.0%, p < 0.001). Cesarean section rates and the incidence of chorioaminonitis were comparable among four groups. After adjustment for confounding factors, both ripening time and balloon size did not affect the proportion of women delivered vaginally within 24 hours of induction.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>For women with an unfavorable cervix at term, induction of labor with a Foley catheter is safe and effective. Higher balloon volume (80-mL vs. 30-mL) and longer ripening time (24 hours vs. 12 hours) would not shorten induction to delivery interval or reduce cesarean section rate.</p><p>Trial Registration</p><p>Chinese Clinical trial registry (<a href="http://www.chictr.org/en/proj/show.aspx?proj=4284" target="_blank">ChiCTR-TRC-13003044</a>)</p></div

Correlation between diffusion parameters, volume of the genu of corpus callosum, VMHC, and MMSE scores of all the subjects.

<p>The values in the table are the correlation coefficients and corresponding p-values (partial correlation with age effect corrected).</p><p>*, p ≤ 0.05;</p><p>**, p ≤ 0.01;</p><p>***, p ≤ 0.001.</p><p>Abbreviations: FA, fractional anisotropy; MD, mean diffusivity (×10–3 mm2/s); λ‖, axial diffusivity (×10–3 mm2/s); λ┴, radial diffusion (×10–3 mm2/s); VMHC, voxel mirror homotopic connectivity; OFC, orbitofrontal cortex; ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; NAcc, nucleus accumbens; SMC, sensorimotor cortex; OcG, occipital gyrus.</p><p>Correlation between diffusion parameters, volume of the genu of corpus callosum, VMHC, and MMSE scores of all the subjects.</p