8 research outputs found
In Situ-Grown 2D Perovskite Based on π‑Conjugated Aggregation-Induced Emission Organic Spacer Boosting the Efficiency and Stability of 2D–3D Heterostructured Perovskite Solar Cells
The two-dimensional–three-dimensional
(2D–3D)
heterostructured
perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn widespread interest, wherein
the organic spacer plays a significant role in the photovoltaic performance.
Herein, a novel π-conjugated organic spacer with the aggregation-induced
emission (AIE) property, (Z)-2-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4-yl)-3-(5-(4-(3-aminopropoxy)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)acrylonitrile
(BPCSA-S), is designed and synthesized, which is successfully applied
for the in situ construction of 2D–3D heterostructured PSCs
via the two-step solution method. By virtue of the functional groups
(i.e., cyano, thiophene, and amino) in BPCSA-S, the BPCSA-S organic
spacer can trigger the in situ growth of 2D perovskites, which will
serve as the template for the heteroepitaxial growth of 3D perovskites,
thus obtaining a 2D–3D heterostructured film with high-quality
and few defects. More pleasingly, benefiting from the AIE property
and delocalized π-electrons in the π-conjugated BPCSA-S
organic spacer, excellent photosensitization process and carrier transport
can be achieved. Consequently, the resultant 2D–3D heterostructured
PSCs yield a pleasing PCE of 22.07%, accompanied by mitigatory hysteresis,
as well as enhanced stability. Our research shows a hopeful multifunctional
organic spacer approach using the novel π-conjugated AIE organic
spacer for high-performance PSCs
Construction of g‑C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Zn<sub>0.11</sub>Sn<sub>0.12</sub>Cd<sub>0.88</sub>S<sub>1.12</sub> Hybrid Heterojunction Catalyst with Outstanding Nitrogen Photofixation Performance Induced by Sulfur Vacancies
Nitrogen
fixation is the second most important chemical process in nature next
to photosynthesis. Herein, we report a novel g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/ZnSnCdS heterojunction photocatalyst prepared using the hydrothermal
method that has an outstanding nitrogen photofixation ability under
visible light. The as-prepared ZnSnCdS is the ternary metal sulfide
Zn<sub>0.11</sub>Sn<sub>0.12</sub>Cd<sub>0.88</sub>S<sub>1.12</sub> with many sulfur vacancies, not a mixture of ZnS, SnS<sub>2</sub>, and CdS. Strong electronic coupling, as evidenced by the ultraviolet–visible,
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and electrochemical
impedance spectra results, exists between two components in the g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/ZnSnCdS heterojunction photocatalysts, leading
to more effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole
pairs and faster interfacial charge transfer. The sulfur vacancies
on ternary metal sulfide not only serve as active sites to adsorb
and activate N<sub>2</sub> molecules but also promote interfacial
charge transfer from ZnSnCdS to N<sub>2</sub> molecules, thus significantly
improving the nitrogen photofixation ability. With the ZnSnCdS mass
percentage of 80%, the as-prepared heterojunction photocatalyst exhibits
the highest NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> generation rate under visible
light, which is 33.2-fold and 1.6-fold greater than those of individual
g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and ZnSnCdS
Thermodynamic Difference between Protocatechualdehyde and <i>p</i>‑Hydroxybenzaldehyde in Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solutions
The
enthalpies of dilution of protocatechualdehyde and <i>p</i>-hydroxybenzaldehyde in the aqueous sodium chloride solutions
were measured by using a mixing-flow microcalorimeter at 298.15 K.
Densities of the ternary homogeneous systems at different temperatures
(293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K) were also measured
with a quartz vibrating-tube densimeter. The homogeneous enthalpic
interaction coefficients (<i>h</i><sub>2</sub>, <i>h</i><sub>3</sub>, and <i>h</i><sub>4</sub>) were
calculated according to the excess enthalpy concept based on the calorimetric
data. The apparent molar volumes (<i>V</i><sub>Ï•</sub>) and standard partial molar volumes (<i>V</i><sub>Ï•</sub><sup>0</sup>) of the
investigated system were computed from their density data. The variation
trends in <i>h</i><sub>2</sub> and <i>V</i><sub>Ï•</sub><sup>0</sup> with increasing
salt molality were obtained and discussed in terms of the (solute
+ solute) and (solute + solvent) interactions. The experimental results
showed that the molecular structures of protocatechualdehyde and <i>p</i>-hydroxybenzaldehyde, especially the number of hydroxyl
groups, have evident influence on their thermodynamic properties.
The thermodynamic data obtained in this work may be helpful for exploring
the structure–function relationship of protocatechualdehyde
and <i>p</i>-hydroxybenzaldehyde
Presentation_1_Intestinal Microbiota at Engraftment Influence Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease via the Treg/Th17 Balance in Allo-HSCT Recipients.PPT
<p>Animal models have indicated that intestinal microbiota influence acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) by modulating immune homeostasis. But, in humans, the mechanism by which the microbiota induces aGVHD remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and T cell subsets in patients who undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) to explore the mechanism by which microbiota induced aGVHD. Based on aGVHD, this study was categorized into two groups: grades II–IV aGVHD (aGVHD group, n = 32) and grade 0–I aGVHD (non-aGVHD group, n = 49). The intestinal microbiota was detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the T cell subsets and histone 3 (H3) acetylation in CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood was assayed by flow cytometry at the time of engraftment. The aGVHD group had greater low microbial diversity than the non-aGVHD group (56.3 versus 24.5%, p = 0.004). The bacterial community was depleted of Clostridia (e.g., the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families) and enriched for Gammaproteobacteria (e.g., the Enterobacteriaceae family) in the aGVHD group compared with the non-aGVHD group. The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae was positively correlated with the Treg/Th17 ratio counts (r = 0.469 and 0.419; p < 0.001 and <0.001, respectively), whereas Enterobacteriaceae was negatively correlated with the Treg/Th17 ratio (r = −0.277; p = 0.012). The level of acetylated H3 in CD4+ T cells was not only correlated with Lachnospiraceae/Ruminococcaceae, but also with the Treg/Th17 ratio (r = 0.354; p = 0.001). In conclusions, our results suggest that decreased Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae and increased Enterobacteriaceae, correlate with a Treg/Th17 imbalance, which might be through acetylated H3 in CD4+ T cells. These findings suggest that intestinal microbiota might induce aGVHD by influencing the Treg/Th17 balance.</p
Characteristics of patients and transplants.
<p>DLI = donor lymphocyte infusion, CP = chronic phase, AP = accelerated phase, BP = blast phase, Ph = Philadelphia chromosome, GVHD = graft versus host disease.</p
Overall Survival (A) and Disease-free Survival (B) in the imatinib and DLI groups.
<p>The 8-year overall survival (OS) after relapse was 85%±8% and 40.3±12.1% (<i>P</i> = 0.017), 8-year disease-free survival (DFS) after relapse was 85%±8% and 40.3±12.1% (<i>P</i> = 0.011), respectively, in the imatinib and DLI groups.</p
Donor chimerism in imatinib and DLI groups in 1, 2 and 3 months after treatments (<i>P</i> = 0.836, <i>P</i> = 0.691 and <i>P</i> = 0.931).
<p>The median donor chimerism in imatinib and DLI groups was 73% (range 27%–90%) vs 74% (range 47%–89%), 84% (range 11%–95%) vs 84% (range 28%–94%), and 96% (range 0%–100%) vs 97% (range 23%–100%), respectively, in 1, 2 and 3 months after treatments.</p
The cumulative incidence of herpesvirus-associated CNS diseases.
<p>The cumulative incidence of herpesvirus-associated CNS diseases.</p