266 research outputs found
Effects Comparison of Different Resilience Enhancing Strategies for Municipal Water Distribution Network: A Multidimensional Approach
Water distribution network (WDN) is critical to the city service, economic rehabilitation, public health, and safety. Reconstructing the WDN to improve its resilience in seismic disaster is an important and ongoing issue. Although a considerable body of research has examined the effects of different reconstruction strategies on seismic resistance, it is still hard for decision-makers to choose optimal resilience enhancing strategy. Taking the pipeline ductile retrofitting and network meshed expansion as demonstration, we proposed a feasible framework to contrast the resilience enhancing effects of two reconstruction strategies—units retrofitting strategy and network optimization strategy—in technical and organizational dimension. We also developed a new performance response function (PRF) which is based on network equilibrium theory to conduct the effects comparison in integrated technical and organizational dimension. Through the case study of municipal WDN in Lianyungang, China, the comparison results were thoroughly shown and the holistic decision-making support was provided
Fractal Characteristics of the Distribution Pattern of \u3cem\u3eCeratoides arborescens\u3c/em\u3e Populations from Inner Mongolia Grassland
AWTE-BERT:Attending to Wordpiece Tokenization Explicitly on BERT for Joint Intent Classification and SlotFilling
Intent classification and slot filling are two core tasks in natural language
understanding (NLU). The interaction nature of the two tasks makes the joint
models often outperform the single designs. One of the promising solutions,
called BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers), achieves
the joint optimization of the two tasks. BERT adopts the wordpiece to tokenize
each input token into multiple sub-tokens, which causes a mismatch between the
tokens and the labels lengths. Previous methods utilize the hidden states
corresponding to the first sub-token as input to the classifier, which limits
performance improvement since some hidden semantic informations is discarded in
the fine-tune process. To address this issue, we propose a novel joint model
based on BERT, which explicitly models the multiple sub-tokens features after
wordpiece tokenization, thereby generating the context features that contribute
to slot filling. Specifically, we encode the hidden states corresponding to
multiple sub-tokens into a context vector via the attention mechanism. Then, we
feed each context vector into the slot filling encoder, which preserves the
integrity of the sentence. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed
model achieves significant improvement on intent classification accuracy, slot
filling F1, and sentence-level semantic frame accuracy on two public benchmark
datasets. The F1 score of the slot filling in particular has been improved from
96.1 to 98.2 (2.1% absolute) on the ATIS dataset
Expression of natriuretic peptide receptor-A in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and the relationship with tumor invasion and migration
Identifying Subgroups of ICU Patients Using End-to-End Multivariate Time-Series Clustering Algorithm Based on Real-World Vital Signs Data
This study employed the MIMIC-IV database as data source to investigate the
use of dynamic, high-frequency, multivariate time-series vital signs data,
including temperature, heart rate, mean blood pressure, respiratory rate, and
SpO2, monitored first 8 hours data in the ICU stay. Various clustering
algorithms were compared, and an end-to-end multivariate time series clustering
system called Time2Feat, combined with K-Means, was chosen as the most
effective method to cluster patients in the ICU. In clustering analysis, data
of 8,080 patients admitted between 2008 and 2016 was used for model development
and 2,038 patients admitted between 2017 and 2019 for model validation. By
analyzing the differences in clinical mortality prognosis among different
categories, varying risks of ICU mortality and hospital mortality were found
between different subgroups. Furthermore, the study visualized the trajectory
of vital signs changes. The findings of this study provide valuable insights
into the potential use of multivariate time-series clustering systems in
patient management and monitoring in the ICU setting.Comment: Proceedings of Beijing Health Data Science Summit (HDSS) 202
Diversifying of Chemical Structure of Native Monascus Pigments
Red Yeast Rice, produced by solid state fermentation of Monascus species on rice, is a traditional food additive and traditional Chinese medicine. With the introduction of modern microbiology and biotechnology to the traditional edible filamentous fungi Monascus species, it has been revealed that the production of red colorant by fermentation of Monascus species involves the biosynthesis of orange Monascus pigments and further chemical modification of orange Monascus pigments into the corresponding derivates with various amine residues. Further study indicates that non-Monascus species also produce Monascus pigments as well as Monascus-like pigments. Based on the chemical modification of orange Monascus pigments, the diversification of native Monascus pigments, including commercial food additives of Red Monascus Pigments® and Yellow Monascus Pigments® in Chinese market, was reviewed. Furthermore, Monascus pigments as well as their derivates as enzyme inhibitors for anti-obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia was also summarized
Cell-Type-Specific Afferent Innervation of the Nucleus Accumbens Core and Shell
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is clearly implicated in reward processing and drug addiction, as well as in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders; nevertheless, the circuit mechanisms underlying the diverse functions of the NAc remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized the whole-brain and monosynaptic inputs to two main projection cell types – D1 dopamine receptor expressing medium spiny neurons (D1R-MSNs) and D2 dopamine receptor expressing medium spiny neurons (D2R-MSNs) – within the NAc core and NAc shell by rabies-mediated trans-synaptic tracing. We discovered that D1R-MSNs and D2R-MSNs in both NAc subregions receive similar inputs from diverse sources. Inputs to the NAc core are broadly scattered, whereas inputs to the NAc shell are relatively concentrated. Furthermore, we identified numerous brain areas providing important contrasting inputs to different NAc subregions. The anterior cortex preferentially innervates the NAc core for both D1R-MSNs and D2R-MSNs, whereas the lateral hypothalamic area (LH) preferentially targets D1R-MSNs in the NAc shell. Characterizing the cell-type-specific connectivity of different NAc subregions lays a foundation for studying how diverse functions of the NAc are mediated by specific pathways
Optimization of network structure to random failures
Network's resilience to the malfunction of its components has been of great
concern. The goal of this work is to determine the network design guidelines,
which maximizes the network efficiency while keeping the cost of the network
(that is the average connectivity) constant. With a global optimization method,
memory tabu search (MTS), we get the optimal network structure with the
approximately best efficiency. We analyze the statistical characters of the
network and find that a network with a small quantity of hub nodes, high degree
of clustering may be much more resilient to perturbations than a random network
and the optimal network is one kind of highly heterogeneous networks. The
results strongly suggest that networks with higher efficiency are more robust
to random failures. In addition, we propose a simple model to describe the
statistical properties of the optimal network and investigate the
synchronizability of this model.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted by Physica
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