Determination of the presence of infectious HIV-1 in CVL from HIV(+) women.

<p>HIV(+) CVL from 32 patients were diluted 1∶4 and added directly to TZM-bl cells. The assay was terminated 48h post-infection and HIV-1 infection was quantified by measuring luciferase reporter gene activity using a luminometer and expressed as relative light units (RLU). Each data point in graph represents one individual patient. In the Control (media only) column, each point represents replicate wells. When comparing Controls with the CVL samples (TZM-bl cells incubated with CVL), 3 out of 32 showed RLU levels at least 2-fold above background indicating that these 3 CVL contained infectious HIV-1 which trans-activated the LTR-driven reporter gene.</p

Correlation of levels of antimicrobials and anti-HIV IgG in CVL with anti-HIV activity against 5 different viruses.

<p>Correlation of levels of antimicrobials and anti-HIV IgG in CVL with anti-HIV activity against 5 different viruses.</p

HIV-1 Patient Demographics^a.

a<p>CVL were recovered from HIV(+) women and stored in the HERS repository. The lower level of detection of our viral load assay was 400 copies/ml. Women self- identified by race as Black (B), Hispanic (H) or White (W). Also indicated is the age of each individual, plasma viral RNA load (PVL), genital tract viral RNA load (GTVL) and CD4 counts (cells/mm³).</p><p>*Denotes women with STDs; #1, 22, 25 had BV; #11 had Trichomonas; #9, 30 had BV/Trich; #29 had BV/fungus.</p

Anti-HIV-1 activity and levels of antimicrobials in secretions from HIV(+) patients.

<p>Anti-HIV-1 activity and levels of antimicrobials in secretions from HIV(+) patients.</p

HIV GP160-specific IgG in CVL from HIV(+) and HIV(−) women.

<p>The results are in milliOD per minute but correspond directly to the amount of binding antibody. 15 is the usual cut-off by this criteria, only two HIV infected person lacked antibody. No antibodies were detected in HIV(−) CVL.</p

Analysis of antiviral activity in CVL from HIV(−) women.

<p>Fifteen HIV(−) CVL were diluted 1∶4 and incubated with HIV-1 IIIB (X4-tropic) and BaL (R5-tropic) (Panel A) or NL4.3 (X4) and YU-2.c (R5) (Panel B) at MOI 1 for 1h at 37°C prior to infecting TZM-bl cells. Media only “Control” and virus only (IIIB, BaL, NL4.3 and YU-2.c) wells were set up as positive controls. Each data point in graph represents one individual patient. Data points in each graph represents one individual patient. Significant differences between control (virus alone) and virus+CVL are indicated in Figure.</p