IGC Fabrication and TEM Characterization of Mn Nanoparticles

The reason for the enormous interest in nanomaterials is because they display unique and superior properties that are generally unavailable in conventional macroscopic materials. Gleiter and coworkers [1] first generated a novel solid structure with gas-like disorder, in addition to long-range order (crystalline and quasicrystalline solids) and short-range order (amorphous/glassy solids). Inert-gas condensation (IGC) is a well established nanoparticle production technique [2-4]. Figure 1 shows an IGC system equipped with magnetron sputter source and mass selector that was used in the present work. The ability to control the process parameters to fabricate metal nanoparticles with tailored size, shape, and properties is important for research in this area

OR-038 CHANGE of SERUM TESTOSTERONE and ENDOCRINE INDEXS after CRYOTHERAPY in DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS

Objective Ultra-low Temperature Whole-Body Cryotherapy can relieve pain, inhibit inflammation, improve sleep quality, promote immune regulation, reduce excessive muscle tone, and improve damaged joints and muscle function. Currently, it is widely used in competitive sports. There have been few studies on the effects of Ultra-low Temperature Whole-Body Cryotherapy on some endocrine indexes such as testosterone. In the previous study, it was found that the 25-year-old soldier had a good effect on the changes of hormones and other indicators after the cold treatment the next morning and after a week of cold treatment. However, the impact of Ultra-low Temperature Whole-Body Cryotherapy on large age groups with a marked decline in testosterone secretion has not yet begun. Therefore, this study intends to pass a rigorous controlled experiment, taking ordinary healthy men aged 20 and 40 as research subjects, to observe the changes of testosterone and other endocrine indicators before and two hours after cryotherapy for 2 different age groups. Investigate deeply of the changes in testosterone and other endocrine indicators after ultra-low cryotherapy in the general population of different ages, to provide more reference for the application of ultra-low temperature cold therapy in a wider population. Methods  Eight male students with age of  22.0±0.8 yrs in the physical fitness class of Beijing sport university as group A. Eight healthy men with age of 42.2±4.5yrs  as group B. The cold therapy parameters used in the experiment were -130 ° C ,for 150 s. The blood samples collected in group A were from 8:00 to 9:00 in the morning，immediately after cold therapy，30 minutes after cold therapy,，and 2 hours after cold therapy. In group B were collected before cold treatment and 2 hours after cold treatment. In order to avoid the influence of the time rhythm of testosterone secretion,  the time points of blood sample collection during cold therapy and non-cold therapy were strictly consistent. Group A and group B were compared before and after cold treatment at the same time at room temperature. No statistical comparison was made between groups A and B. The test indicators were testosterone (T), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2). The data obtained from the experiment were expressed by mean and standard deviation, and the relevant indicators collected were statistically analyzed. Results (1) Compared with the test value of before cryotherapy, Testosterone(T) in group A had a decrease of -7.8%, -13.4%, and -3.6% at the point of the cryotherapy finished immediately, 30 minutes after cryotherapy, and 2 hours after cryotherapy, respectively. There has been a continuous decline in the Control group with a decrease of -5.7%, -11.3%, and -12.0%, respectively. Compared with the test value of before cryotherapy, there was a significant difference at each time between the cryotherapy group and the control group; there was also a significant difference between the two groups at 2 hours after the cryotherapy. (2) Compared with the test value of before cryotherapy, FSH in group A increased 8.6% after cryotherapy immediately, increased 2.3% at the time of 2 hours after cryotherapy, However, the control group showed different degrees of decline, with a decrease of -4.09%, -6.9%, and -6.4%, respectively. And there were significant differences in FSH between the time point of after cryotherapy immediately and 30 minutes after cryotherapy compared with before cryotherapy. (3) Compared with the test value of before cryotherapy, group A had an increase of 7.9% in LH immediately after Cryotherapy and 1.0% in 2 hours after cryotherapy, while the control group showed different degrees of decline, with a decrease of -13.4%， -13.5% and -8.0%.（4）Compared with the test value of before Cryotherapy, group A showed different degrees of decline in E2 as immediately after cryotherapy, 30 minutes after cryotherapy and 2 hours after cryotherapy with the decrease ranges of -8.6%, -21.9% and -35.2% respectively. The changes of the control group were 8.7%, -18.7% and -22.6%, respectively. There were significant differences between the cryotherapy group and the control group at 30 minutes and 2 hours after the cryotherapy compared with before the intervention.(5) Before cryotherapy and 2 hours after cryotherapy, FSH and LH in group B decreased in cryotherapy and control, but the decrease in cryotherapy group was higher than control group; The change of T was different from FSH and LH. After the cryotherapy, the cryotherapy group showed a significant increase, which was 27% higher than before the cryotherapy, while the control group decreased by -7.5%,and there was a significant difference in T between the cryotherapy group and the control group before and after cryotherapy. Conclusions (1)Ultra-low Temperature Whole-Body Cryotherapy has a certain degree of influence on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (H-P-G) axis. Testosterone will increase 2 hours after cryotherapy, and Ultra-low Temperature Whole-Body Cryotherapy can promote testosterone secretion.(2) Ultra-low Temperature Whole-Body Cryotherapy can reduce the decomposition of testosterone and improve serum testosterone to some extent. (3) Ultra-low Temperature Whole-Body Cryotherapy is more effective in promoting testosterone secretion in people with relatively high age and testosterone secretion relative to the downhill stage (35-40 years old and older)

Rapid mangrove expansion triggered by low river discharge episode in Nanliu river estuary, Beibu Gulf of China

Mangrove forest is a critical primary producer, biological habitat, and carbon sink in the subtropical-tropical coast zone, and the natural variation of mangrove coverage deserves study for a better understanding of the dynamics of mangrove coastal evolution. In this study, multispectral Landsat images from 1985 to 2018 are used to reconstruct the change in the coverage of mangrove (dominant species is Aegiceras corniculatum) and salt marsh (dominant species is Cyperus malaccensis) in the Nanliu River estuary. Tidal flat elevation measuring and 210Pb dating is used to study the substrate elevation when mangroves first colonize salt marsh. Historical temperature records, river discharge records, and the time series N/P concentration in sediment are analyzed. It is found that the mangrove forests have expanded rapidly in salt marsh since the mid-1980s. The change in factors such as accommodation space, cold event frequency, and nutrient supply cannot explain the origin of mangrove expansion. A low river discharge episode lasting for 8 years since 1986 is considered to have triggered the mangrove expansion in this area, as previously established salt marsh plants died due to germination restriction caused by high salinity and mangroves colonized the salt marsh habitat during this period. This case proves again that estuarine wetlands are very sensitive to salinity variation

Structure and magnetism of MnAu nanoclusters

Equiatomic MnAu clusters with average sizes of 4 and 10 nm are produced by inert-gas condensation. As-produced clusters are used to form both dense cluster films and films with clusters embedded in a W matrix with a cluster volume fraction of 25%. Both structure and magnetism are size-dependent. Structural analysis of the 10 nm clusters indicate a distorted tetragonal body-centered cubic structure with lattice parameters a=0.315 and c=0.329 nm. The 4 nm clusters have a partially ordered tetragonal L10 structure with lattice parameters a=0.410 nm and c=0.395 nm. Magnetic properties of the clusters show evidence at low temperatures of mixed ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions and ordering as well as paramagnetic spins. Saturation moments are as large as 0.54 μB per average Mn atom. The results are compared with earlier theoretical calculations on bulk MnAu

Identification of Long Non-coding and Messenger RNAs Differentially Expressed Between Primary and Metastatic Melanoma

Purpose: Melanoma is the most aggressive and life-threatening cutaneous cancer. To explore new treatment strategies, it is essential to identify the mechanisms underlying melanoma tumorigenesis and metastasis.Methods: In the current study, we demonstrated altered expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) in melanoma using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) analyses were conducted. We also constructed a functional lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and Kaplan-Meier analysis.Results: We identified 246 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 856 DEmRNAs. A total of 184 DElncRNAs and 428 DEmRNAs were upregulated in metastatic melanoma, while all others were downregulated. Additionally, we investigated the co-expression pattern of 363 genes, among which 26 upregulated lncRNAs, 9 down- regulated lncRNAs, 49 upregulated mRNAs and 151 downregulated mRNAs were identified as being co-expressed with others. Survival analysis suggested high levels of 14 lncRNAs and 10 mRNAs may significantly increase or decrease overall survival. These differentially expressed genes are also potentially prognostic in melanoma.Conclusion: Our findings observe potential roles for lncRNAs and mRNAs during melanoma progression and provide candidate biomarkers for further studies

Cultural and generational factors shape Asians’ sustainable food choices:Insights from choice experiments and information nudges

Promoting sustainable diets is crucial for mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions. We investigated the potential for large-scale dietary shifts to address the impacts of climate change on agriculture and food through surveys and choice experiments in China, Japan, and Vietnam (n = 5,089). Our findings reveal that Asian consumers are largely unwilling to deviate from current dietary habits, particularly regarding the consumption of animal proteins. This reluctance persists despite significant preferences for environmental certification as a proxy for greater sustainability in food production, as expressed by wealthier and younger respondents. Information experiments demonstrate that altruistic messaging fails to induce change, and positive information about climate impacts weakens the influence of certification. However, self-enhancement framing, particularly effective with individuals aged 60 years and above, shows promise. Our findings provide valuable insights for researchers and policymakers seeking effective strategies to encourage sustainable diets, shedding light on challenges and potential avenues for successful intervention

Association analysis between the TLR9 gene polymorphism rs352140 and type 1 diabetes

BackgroundTo a great extent, genetic factors contribute to the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D) development, and by triggering immune imbalance, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 is involved in the development of T1D. However, there is a lack of evidence supporting a genetic association between polymorphisms in the TLR9 gene and T1D.MethodsIn total, 1513 individuals, including T1D patients (n=738) and healthy control individuals (n=775), from the Han Chinese population were recruited for an association analysis of the rs352140 polymorphism of the TLR9 gene and T1D. rs352140 was genotyped by MassARRAY. The allele and genotype distributions of rs352140 in the T1D and healthy groups and those in different T1D subgroups were analyzed by the chi-squared test and binary logistic regression model. The chi-square test and Kruskal−Wallis H test were performed to explore the association between genotype and phenotype in T1D patients.ResultsThe allele and genotype distributions of rs352140 were significantly different in T1D patients and healthy control individuals (p=0.019, p=0.035). Specifically, the T allele and TT genotype of rs352140 conferred a higher risk of T1D (OR=1.194, 95% CI=1.029-1.385, p=0.019, OR=1.535, 95% CI=1.108-2.126, p=0.010). The allele and genotype distributions of rs352140 were not significantly different between childhood-onset and adult-onset T1D and between T1D with a single islet autoantibody and T1D with multiple islet autoantibodies (p=0.603, p=0.743). rs352140 was associated with T1D susceptibility according to the recessive and additive models (p=0.015, p=0.019) but was not associated with T1D susceptibility in the dominant and overdominant models (p=0.117, p=0.928). Moreover, genotype-phenotype association analysis showed that the TT genotype of rs352140 was associated with higher fasting C-peptide levels (p=0.017).ConclusionIn the Han Chinese population, the TLR9 polymorphism rs352140 is associated with T1D and is a risk factor for susceptibility to T1D