Proizvodnja polinezasićenih masnih kiselina s pomoću plijesni Mucor recurvus sp. upotrebom melase šećerne trske kao izvora ugljika

Sugarcane molasses is rich in nutriments and vitamins. It may be used as the carbon source for the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) by Mucor recurvus sp. Using sugarcane molasses, the effects of fermentation parameters and media components on polyunsaturated fatty acid production through both linear and orthogonal array experiments were investigated. The best fermentation conditions for PUFA production were found as follows: 15 % sugarcane molasses, pH=6.0, 28 °C, 5 days, 160 rpm. It was also found that molasses and urea enhanced PUFA production with the optimal carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of 35. Under the most favourable conditions, the total lipid content at 7.13 g/L and PUFA up to 5.74 g/L including (0.82±0.05) g/L of linolenic acid (LA), (1.35±0.02) g/L of γ-linolenic acid (GLA), (0.17±0.06) g/L of α-linolenic acid (ALA), (0.57±0.06) g/L of arachidonic acid (ARA), (0.46±0.07) g/L of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and (0.34±0.08) g/L of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were obtained. Our study suggests that sugarcane molasses is a superior alternative carbon source for industrial PUFA production.Melasa šećerne trske je bogata hranjivim tvarima i vitaminima. Upotrebljava se kao izvor ugljika za proizvodnju polinezasićenih masnih kiselina s pomoću plijesni Mucor recurvus sp. Linearnom i ortogonalnom metodom istražen je utjecaj uvjeta fermentacije i sastojaka podloge, uz dodatak melase šećerne trske, na proizvodnju polinezasićenih masnih kiselina. Najbolji uvjeti fermentacije za proizvodnju polinezasićenih masnih kiselina bili su: 15 % melase šećerne trske; pH=6,0; 28 °C; 5 dana i 160 rpm. Također je utvrđeno da dodatak melase i uree povećava proizvodnju pri optimalnom omjeru ugljika i dušika C/N=35. Pri optimalnim uvjetima proizvedeno je ukupno 7,13 g/L lipida i 5,74 g/L polinezasićenih masnih kiselina, od toga (0,82±0,05) g/L linolenske kiseline, (1,35±0,02) g/L γ-linolenske kiseline, (0,17±0,06) g/L α-linolenske kiseline, (0,57±0,06) g/L arahidonske kiseline, (0,46±0,07) g/L eikosapentenoične kiseline i (0,34±0,08) g/L dokosaheksaenoične kiseline. Ovo je istraživanje pokazalo da je melasa šećerne trske najbolji alternativni izvor ugljika za industrijsku proizvodnju polinezasićenih masnih kiselina

Homogenized finite element analysis on effective elastoplastic mechanical behaviors of composite with imperfect interfaces

A three-dimensional (3D) representative volume element (RVE) model was developed for analyzing effective mechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites with imperfect interfaces. In the model, the fiber is assumed to be perfectly elastic until its tensile strength, and the ceramic material is modeled by an elasto-plastic Drucker-Prager constitutive law. The RVE model is then used to study the elastic properties and the tensile strength of composites with imperfect interfaces and validated through experiments. The imperfect interfaces between the fiber and the matrix are taken into account by introducing some cohesive contact surfaces. The influences of the interface on the elastic constants and the tensile strengths are examined through these interface models

The Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor Family in the Honey Bee, Apis mellifera

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play important roles in a wide range of developmental processes in higher organisms. bHLH family members have been identified in a dozen of organisms including fruit fly, mouse and human. In this study, we identified 51 bHLH sequences in silico in the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), genome. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that they belong to 38 bHLH families with 21, 11, 9, 1, 8 and 1 members in high-order groups A, B, C, D, E and F, respectively. Using phylogenetic analyses, all of the 51 bHLH sequences were assigned to their corresponding families. Genes that encode ASCb, NeuroD, Oligo, Delilah, MyoRb, Figa and Mad were not found in the honey bee genome. The present study provides useful background information for future studies using the honey bee as a model system for insect development

catena-Poly[[(1,10-phenanthroline)copper(II)]-μ-oxalato]

In the title coordination polymer, [Cu(C2O4)(C12H8N2)]n, the CuII atom is six-coordinated by four O atoms from two oxalate ligands and two N atoms from one 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand in a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry. The oxalate anions act as bis-bidentate ligands, bridging the Cu–phen units in zigzag chains extending parallel to [100]. Inter­chain C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking inter­actions [centroid–centroid distance = 3.7439 (17) Å] assemble neighboring chains, forming a three-dimensional supra­molecular network

Diagnosis and microecological characteristics of aerobic vaginitis in outpatients based on preformed enzymes

AbstractObjectiveAerobic vaginitis (AV) is a recently proposed term for genital tract infection in women. The diagnosis of AV is mainly based on descriptive diagnostic criteria proposed by Donders and co-workers. The objective of this study is to report AV prevalence in southwest China using an objective assay kit based on preformed enzymes and also to determine its characteristics.Materials and methodsA total of 1948 outpatients were enrolled and tested by a commercial diagnostic kit to investigate the AV prevalence and characteristics in southwestern China. The study mainly examined the vaginal ecosystem, age distribution, Lactobacillus amount, and changes in pH. Differences within groups were analyzed by Wilcoxon two-sample test.ResultsThe AV detection rate is 15.40%. The AV patients were usually seen in the sexually active age group of 20–30 years, followed by those in the age group of 30–40 years. The vaginal ecosystems of all the patients studied were absolutely abnormal, and diagnosed to have a combined infection [aerobic vaginitis (AV) + bacterial vaginitis (BV) 61.33%; 184/300]. Aerobic bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, were predominantly found in the vaginal samples of these women.ConclusionAV is a common type of genital infection in southwestern China and is characterized by sexually active age and combined infection predominated by the AV and BV type

Percutaneous closure of postinfarct muscular ventricular septal defects: A multicenter study in China

AbstractBackgroundSurgical repair is an effective method to treat ventricular septal defect (VSD) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the mortality rate remains high. This study was designed to assess the immediate and mid-term results of transcatheter closure of postinfarct muscular VSDs.MethodsData were retrospectively collected from 42 AMI patients who underwent attempted transcatheter VSD closure between 2008 and 2012 in seven heart centers of China.ResultsNine patients underwent emergent VSD closure in the acute phase (within two weeks from VSD) while the others underwent elective closure. The time between VSD occurrence and closure in emergency group and elective group was 7.7±2.3 days and 35±14.5 days, respectively (p<0.01). The percentage of procedure success in the emergency group and elective group was 77.8% (7/9) and 97% (32/33), respectively (p=0.048). The hospital mortality was higher for emergent closure in comparison to elective closure (66.7% vs. 6.1%, p<0.01). During a median follow-up of 25 months (0–58 months), two patients died at 8 and 29 months, respectively, and no serious complications occurred in other patients.ConclusionInterventional postinfarct VSD closure is a safe and effective approach that can be performed with a high procedural success rate, with favorable outcomes if it can be undertaken >14 days postinfarct

Identification of potential key genes associated with severe pneumonia using mRNA-seq

This study aimed to identify the potential key genes associated with severe pneumonia using mRNA-seq. Nine peripheral blood samples from patients with severe pneumonia alone (SP group, n=3) and severe pneumonia accompanied with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; CSP group, n=3), as well as volunteers without pneumonia (control group, n=3) underwent mRNA-seq. Based on the sequencing data, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by Limma package. Following the pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs, the genes that were differentially expressed in the SP and CSP groups were selected for pathway enrichment analysis and coexpression analysis. In addition, potential genes related to pneumonia were identified based on the information in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database. In total, 645 and 528 DEGs were identified in the SP and CSP groups, respectively, compared with the normal controls. Among these DEGs, 88 upregulated genes and 80 downregulated genes were common between the two groups. The functions of the common DEGs were similar to those of the DEGs in the SP group. In the coexpression network, the commonly downregulated genes (including ND1, ND3, ND4L, and ND6) and the commonly upregulated genes (including TSPY6P and CDY10P) exhibited a higher degree. In addition, 131 DEGs (including ND1, ND3, ND6, MIR449A and TAS2R43) were predicted to be potential pneumonia-related genes. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the common DEGs may be associated with the progression of severe pneumonia