Limited Genetic Connectivity Among Sargassum horneri (Phaeophyceae) Populations in the Chinese Marginal Seas Despite Their high Dispersal Capacity

Sargassum horneri is a habitat-forming species in the Northwest Pacific and an important contributor to seaweed rafts. In this study, 131 benthic samples and 156 floating samples were collected in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea (ECS) to test the effects of seaweed rafts on population structure and connectivity. Our results revealed high levels of genetic diversity in both benthic and floating samples based on concatenated mitochondrial markers (rpl5-rps3, rnl-atp9, and cob-cox2). Phylogenetic analyses consistently supported the existence of two lineages (lineages I and II), with divergence dating to c. 0.692 Mya (95% HPD: 0.255-1.841 Mya), indicating that long-term isolation may have occurred during the mid-Pleistocene (0.126-0.781 Mya). Extended Bayesian skyline plots demonstrated a constant population size over time in lineage I and slight demographic expansion in lineage II. Both lineages were found in each marginal sea (including both benthic and floating samples), but PCoA, F-ST, and AMOVA analyses consistently revealed deep genetic variation between regions. Highly structured phylogeographic pattern supports limited genetic connectivity between regions. IMA analyses demonstrated that asymmetric gene flow between benthic populations in the North Yellow Sea (NYS) and ECS was extremely low (ECS -> NYS, 2Nm = 0.6), implying that high dispersal capacity cannot be assumed to lead to widespread population connectivity, even without dispersal barriers. In addition, there were only a few shared haplotypes between benthic and floating samples, suggesting the existence of hidden donors for the floating masses in the Chinese marginal seas

[μ-10,21-Dimethyl-3,6,14,17-tetra­za­tricyclo­[17.3.1.18,12]tetra­cosa-1(23),2,6,8,10,12 (24),13,17,19,21-deca­ene-23,24-diolato-κ4 N 3,N 6,O 23,O 24:κ4 N 14,N 17,O 23,O 24]bis­(perchlorato-κO)dimanganese(II)

In the centrosymmetric and dinuclear title complex, [Mn2(C22H22N4O2)(ClO4)2], the two Mn atoms are bridged by two phenolate O atoms of the N4O2 macrocycle with an Mn⋯Mn distance of 2.9228 (11) Å. The distorted square–pyramidal N2O3 coordination geometry is completed by an O atom derived from a perchlorate anion

A New Class of Meromorphic Functions Associated with Spirallike Functions

We introduce a new class of meromorphic functions associated with spirallike functions. Such results as subordination property, integral representation, convolution property, and coefficient inequalities are proved