1 research outputs found
Application of Struvite Alters the Antibiotic Resistome in Soil, Rhizosphere, and Phyllosphere
Struvite recovered
from wastewater is a renewable source of phosphorus
and nitrogen and can be used as fertilizer for plant growth. However,
antibiotics and resistome can be enriched in the struvite derived
from wastewater. Robust understanding of the potential risks after
struvite application to soils has remained elusive. Here, we profiled
antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs)
in struvite, soil, rhizosphere and phyllosphere of <i>Brassica</i> using high-throughput quantitative PCR. A total of 165 ARGs and
10 MGEs were detected. Application of struvite was found to increase
both the abundance and diversity of ARGs in soil, rhizosphere and
phyllosphere. In addition, ARGs shared exclusively between <i>Brassica</i> phyllosphere and struvite were identified, indicating
that struvite was an important source of ARGs found in phyllosphere.
Furthermore, OTUs shared between rhizosphere and phyllosphere were
found to significantly correlate with ARGs, suggesting that microbiota
in leaf and root could interconnect and ARGs might transfer from struvite
to the surface of plants via rhizosphere using bacteria as spreading
medium. These findings demonstrated that struvite as an organic fertilizer
can facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance into human food
chain and this environment-acquired antibiotic resistance should be
put into human health risk assessment system